# NTSB NYC98LA067: Grumman American AA-5, N5625L, Brookville, OH, February 22, 1998 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: February 21, 1998, 23:40 local (Feb 22, 1998, 04:40 UTC) - Place: Brookville, OH - Coordinates: 39.829441, -84.409088 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.8294&lon=-84.4091&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 1 serious, 1 minor, 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 8, 2001 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 39534 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC98LA067 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/39534/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA067 ## Probable cause The pilot's misjudgment of the fuel supply. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, maneuvering - turn to reverse direction - fuel supply - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - go-around - improper, pilot in command - stall - inadvertent, pilot in command - checklist - not followed, pilot in command - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled - On ground/water collision with object, landing - roll - object - tree(s) ## Analysis Before takeoff, the pilot determined that the airplane had approximately 30 gallons of fuel, by visually looking into the fuel tanks and using fuel burn calculations from the airplane's last flight. The airplane departed, drawing fuel from the left tank. While en route, the pilot noticed that the left fuel gauge was indicating empty, and switched the fuel selector to the right tank. Concerned about low fuel, the pilot diverted to refuel. Prior to landing, the pilot switched the fuel selector back to the left tank. On final approach, the pilot elected to go-around with full flaps. The airplane climbed to about 30 feet, and continued for about 1/2 mile, then turned back to the airport. Upon completion of the turn, the engine lost total power. The airplane lost altitude, stalled, and impacted trees, rupturing both fuel tanks. There was approximately a 1 gallon fuel spill, on the pavement, under each of the ruptured fuel tanks. There was no evidence of fuel spillage in the area where the fuel tanks had been ruptured, and no fuel was observed in the fuel tanks. ## Factual narrative On February 21, 1998, about 2340 Eastern Standard Time, a Grumman American AA-5, N5625L, was destroyed when it collided with trees during a forced landing at the Brookville Air-Park (I62), Brookville, Ohio. The certificated private pilot and one passenger were not injured. A second passenger received minor injuries, and a third passenger was seriously injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the flight that departed the Sylvania Airport (C89), Sturtevant, Wisconsin, about 1955, destined for New Lebanon, Ohio. No flight plan was filed for the personal flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. According to the pilot, the airplane was at the Clow International Airport, Plainfield, Illinois, and fueled to it's maximum capacity. The airplane was then flown to C89. Before takeoff from C89, the pilot determined that the airplane had approximately 30 gallons of fuel, by visually looking into the fuel tanks and using fuel burn calculations from the airplane's last flight. The pilot also checked the fuel gauges located in the cockpit, and recalled seeing the right tank as full and the left as "just below full." The airplane departed C89, drawing fuel from the left tank, on a night cross country flight, that was to be conducted no higher than 3,500 feet mean sea level. While en route, over Marion, Indiana, the pilot noticed that the left fuel gauge was indicating on the red empty marker. The pilot estimated that he would still have 20-25 minutes remaining in the left tank, and switched the fuel selector to the right tank. As the flight progressed, the pilot estimated that there was a high rate of fuel burn, and with low fuel, elected to divert to I62 to refuel. Upon arriving at I62, the pilot switched the fuel selector to left tank, and configured the airplane for an approach to Runway 9. On final approach, the pilot decided that the airspeed was too fast to make a safe landing, and elected to go-around with full flaps. The airplane climbed to about 30 feet and would not climb any higher. The airplane continued for about 1/2 mile, when the pilot decided to make a 270 degree turn to back to the airport. Upon completion of the 270 degree turn, the airplane started to lose altitude and impacted trees. The pilot also stated that at impact, he pulled the mixture control to idle cut-off, pulled the carburetor heat control to the on position, and shut the master switch off. The airplane then impacted the ground and came to rest on a access road, short of Runway 27. The pilot made a voluntary statement to a Montgomery County Sheriff shortly after the accident. In the statement the pilot said, "...I came in on final from the west, but could not loose my airspeed so made a go-around. After pushing throttle in, the engine did not seem to pick up RPM's, carburetor heat was in, but plane did not want to gain altitude. I attempted to return to field and stall horn came on, so I put nose down, engine seemed to cut out and could not hold altitude and airspeed bled off resulting in crash." A witness, who lived 250 feet from Runway 27 at I62, stated to a Federal Aviation Administration Inspector that, "...aircraft completed 180 degree turn, still making power. After 180 turn, nose pitched down noticeably and engine was not noticeable, like it wasn't making power, aircraft now facing you and descending. From the sink rate, angle to runway and aircraft attitude, and no noticeable engine sound, you knew it was going to crash at this point." Examination of the wreckage by the FAA Inspector revealed no evidence of mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane. The airplane had touched down in a field, approximately 40 feet from where it came to rest. After the airplane touched down, it impacted two small trees, rupturing the fuel tanks. There were four distinct marks, four feet in length, located in the field where the airplane touched down. Three of the marks matched up with the landing gear. The propeller was found attached to the airplane. One propeller blade was bent straight back with mud residue on it and the other propeller blade had no damage. There was approximately a 1 gallon fuel spill, on the pavement, under each of the ruptured fuel tanks. There was no evidence of fuel spillage in the area where the fuel tanks had been ruptured. About 2 tablespoons of fuel was removed from the carburetor inlet fuel line, and no fuel was observed in the fuel tanks. The throttle control, located in the cockpit was observed pushed in, to the "full power" position. The fuel mixture control was observed pushed in, to the "full rich" position, and the carburetor heat control was pulled out, to the "on" position. The flaps were observed to be fully extended. The airplane had been airborne for about 2 hours and 45 minutes. The Cruise and Range Performance chart, in the Grumman American AA-5 Owners Manual, stated that, at an altitude of 3,500 feet and 71 percent power, there was a fuel burn rate of 8.1 gallons per hour. Additional notes included in the chart were "Range and endurance data include allowance for take-off and climb. No fuel reserve is included. Fuel consumption is for level flight with mixture leaned....Continuous operations at powers about 75 percent should be with full rich mixture." The Grumman American AA-5 Owners Manual also provided the following information: BEFORE TAKE-OFF 1. Console check: a. Microphone (if installed): Secure. b. Trim Wheel: At take-off setting. c. Flaps: Check for correct operation. d. Flaps: UP e. Fuel: On fullest tank. BALKED LANDINGS (Go-arounds) "Should a landing be balked, apply full power immediately; carburetor heat OFF; establish a positive rate of climb; retract the flaps and trim for normal climb." BALKED LANDING 1. Apply full throttle. 2. Carburetor heat OFF. 3. Establish climb attitude. 4. Flaps: Retract, after accelerating to safe airspeed. The pilot reported no mechanical malfunctions with the airplane. The winds reported from a nearby airport were calm. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N5625L](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N5625L-2013-08-20), registration cancelled 2013-08-20, S/N AA5-0225, built 1972 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Grumman American AA-5 - Registry model: [American AA-5](https://openairdocs.org/model/american-aa-5) (registry code 0631410) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: AA-5-0225 - Airframe hours: 3166 - Engines: Lycoming L-46047-27A 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Glenn F Pugh - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, May 1, 1997, 70 hours before - Departed: C89, STURTEVANT, WI - Destination: I65, NEW LEBANON, OH - Airport: I62, Brookville Air-Park, runway 27, 2,500 × 30 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 53; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 315 total, 104 in this make and model, 315 as pilot in command, 12 in the last 90 days, 10 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark - Wind: calm - Visibility: 9 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 4,500 ft overcast - Temperature: 39 °F, dew point 34 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: DAY, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19980221001609A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980221001609A), Feb 21, 1998: Amrgen AA5, Brookville, OH, Destroyed. Pilot decided to stop at Brookville arpt due to unusual fuel burn rate, impacted two trees after cartwheeling. (-23) no narrative (.19) on February 21, 1998,… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.