# NTSB NYC98LA188: Cessna 152, N307DW, Ellington, CT, September 17, 1998 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: September 16, 1998, 20:40 local (Sep 17, 1998, 00:40 UTC) - Place: Ellington, CT - Location: 41.9152° N, 72.4709° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs from NTSB’s distance and direction from ELLINGTON (7B9), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.9152&lon=-72.4709&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report April 6, 2001 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 43971 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC98LA188 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/43971/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=43971 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA188 ## Probable cause Was the flight instructors lack of supervision over the student pilot's preflight inspection of the airplane, and which resulted in fuel exhaustion. Factors were the night conditions and the soft terrain. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, approach - fluid,fuel - exhaustion (cause) - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - aircraft preflight - improper, dual student - Forced landing, descent - emergency - light condition - dark night (contributing factor) - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll - terrain condition - soft (contributing factor) ## Analysis The student pilot and instructor planned on a night cross-country flight of 1 hour duration. The student pilot reported there was 2 hours of fuel onboard and the flight instructor accepted his word. The engine lost power as they neared their destination. The pilot picked an airport with non-standard, low intensity runway lights, and no rotating beacon for an emergency landing. When they finally acquired the field visually, there was insufficient altitude to reach it. The airplane landed in an open field with soft terrain and flipped over. Post accident interviews disclosed the student pilot had performed the pre-flight inspection. In addition, he was not familiar with the use of a device to measure the quantity of fuel in the tanks. ## Factual narrative On September 16, 1998, about 2040 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 152, N307DW, was substantially damaged during a forced landing near Ellington (7B9), Connecticut. The certificated flight instructor and student pilot were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the dual instruction flight that originated from Nashua (ASH), New Hampshire, about 1950. No flight plan had been filed for the flight that was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. According to an inspector from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the dual night cross-country flight was destined for an intermediate stop at the Bradley International Airport (BDL), Windsor Locks, Connecticut, and to terminate at Keene (EEN), New Hampshire. As the flight neared BDL, the pilots made contact with Bradley Approach Control at 2027:28 and received VFR traffic advisories. The flight was instructed to maintain 3,000 feet, and fly a heading of 240 degrees. According to a transcript from Bradley Approach Control, at 2028:46, the pilot reported, "...delta whiskey we are declaring an emergency we seem to have lost pow-" This was acknowledged by approach control who advised the pilots that Ellington Airport was 6 miles ahead of them on their heading. When queried about their fuel supply at 2029:09, the pilot replied, "well we thought we had more than we had." The pilot then added that they may have a carburation problem. Approach control continued to provide distances and bearings to Ellington Airport. At 2031:09, the pilot replied, "...at the present...time we seem to have full power." When queried about their choice of landing airport, the pilots initially reported they would stick with their decision to land at Ellington. However, as they experienced difficulty in identifying Ellington, they overflew it and elected to try for Skylark Airport. At 2036:39, they reported they were unable to find the Ellington Airport lights, and at 2036:48, requested a radar vector to it. Several radio transmissions were exchanged between the pilot and approach control in an attempt to assist the pilot in finding the airport. At 2038:39, the pilot radioed that they, "...were not going to make that airport." The landing was performed in an open field with a soft surface. After touchdown, the wheels dug in and the airplane nosed over. Both occupants exited the airplane unaided. The airplane was examined by a FAA Inspector who reported both fuel tanks were empty, and the fuel gages read empty. There was no evidence of fuel siphoning, or fuel spill from under the fuel caps. About 1/4 of a cup of fuel was drained from the main sump. The fuel tanks were wet, but only contained a few ounces of fuel. All fuel recovered was bright and clear, and without visible contamination. Interviews by the FAA Inspector disclosed the airplane departed with the fuel tanks partially filled. The pre-flight inspection of the airplane was performed by the student pilot without supervision from the flight instructor. The student pilot was not certain how to use the plastic tube used to check the fuel quantity in the fuel tank. Documents recovered from the airplane revealed the flight between ASH and BDL was planned to take about 1 hour, and the pilot had planned for 2 hours of fuel onboard at departure. According to the FAA Airport Facility Directory, Ellington Airport did not have a rotating beacon. The runway lights were low intensity, and were placarded as non-standard, due to spacing and color variation. A check of the New York aeronautical sectional chart revealed that Ellington Airport was marked as having runway lights and no rotating beacon. The runway at Ellington Airport was orientated 1/19, and was 1,800 feet long. The airplane was approaching Ellington Airport from the southwest, at an approximate 45 degree angle to the runway. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N307DW](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N307DW-2001-04-11), registration cancelled 2001-04-11, S/N 15285265 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 152 - Registry model: [Cessna 152](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-152) (registry code 2071835) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 15285265 - Airframe hours: 6866 - Engines: Lycoming O-235-L2C 110 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Daniel Webster College - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility - Last inspection: 100 hour, May 20, 1998, 98 hours before - Departed: ASH, NASHUA, NH - Destination: BDL, WINDSOR LOCKS, NH - Airport: 7B9, Ellington Airport, runway 1, 1,800 × 50 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 66; airline transport, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 5,113 total, 52 in this make and model, 3,545 as pilot in command, 54 in the last 90 days, 15 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark - Wind: 40° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 8,000 ft broken - Temperature: 66 °F, dew point 63 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: BDL, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19980916037909A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980916037909A), Sep 16, 1998: Cessna 152, Ellington, CT, Substantial damage. (.19)On September 16, 1998, about 2040 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 152, N307DW, was substantially damaged during a forced landing near Ellington,… ## Docket (6 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 22, 1999, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=43971. 1.4 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 398 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40436680&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF - Supplement E (item 2, .PDF, 115 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40436681&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Supplement%20E-Redacted.PDF - Pilot Statements (item 3, .PDF, 200 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40436682&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%20Statements-Redacted.PDF - FAA Inspector Statements (item 4, .PDF, 183 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40436683&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%20Statements-Redacted.PDF - FAA ATC Transcript (item 5, .PDF, 349 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40436684&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20ATC%20Transcript-Redacted.PDF - FAA Controller Statement (item 6, .PDF, 128 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40436685&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Controller%20Statement-Redacted.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.