# NTSB SEA00LA168: Cessna 172B, N8178X, Sunriver, OR, August 20, 2000 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: August 20, 2000, 15:40 local (22:40 UTC) - Place: Sunriver, OR - Coordinates: 44.259506, -121.219978 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=44.2595&lon=-121.2200&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 4 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 9, 2001 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 50045 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=SEA00LA168 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/50045/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA00LA168 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper decision to continue the takeoff after the aircraft failed to climb or accelerate immediately after the initial liftoff. Factors were inadequate preflight planning, to include the pilot's failure to calculate takeoff performance data, trees off the departure end of the runway, a high density altitude environment, and wet, swampy/marshy terrain in the area where the pilot found it necessary to execute a precautionary/emergency landing. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Nose over, emergency landing after takeoff - in-flight planning/decision - improper, pilot in command (cause) - preflight planning/preparation - inadequate, pilot in command (contributing factor) - performance data - not used, pilot in command (contributing factor) - object - tree(s) (contributing factor) - terrain condition - swampy (contributing factor) - terrain condition - wet (contributing factor) - weather condition - high density altitude (contributing factor) ## Analysis The pilot, who had not completed takeoff performance calculations for the high density altitude environment, elected to continue his takeoff after the aircraft failed to climb or accelerate following the initial liftoff. He therefore lowered the nose, allowed the aircraft to settle back on the runway, and rotated a second time at a higher indicated airspeed. While attempting to climb out soon after the second liftoff, the aircraft encountered an area of downdrafts, and the pilot became convinced that he might not clear some tall trees along his takeoff path. He therefore elected to make a precautionary landing straight ahead. Although he made a successful touchdown, he had landed in a wet, marshy/swampy area, and when the nose wheel touched the soft terrain, it sank in and the aircraft nosed over. ## Factual narrative On August 20, 2000, approximately 1540 Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 172B, N8178X, nosed over during a precautionary landing in a marsh about one-half mile north of the departure end of runway 36 at Sunriver Airport, Sunriver, Oregon. The private pilot and his four passengers were not injured, but the aircraft, which was owned and operated by the pilot, sustained substantial damage. The 14 CFR Part 91 personal pleasure flight, which had just departed Sunriver Airport en route to Evergreen Field, Vancouver, Washington, was being operated in visual meteorological conditions. The ELT, which was activated by the accident, was turned off at the scene. No flight plan had been filed. According to the pilot, during the takeoff ground roll, when the airspeed reached 60 mph, he rotated the aircraft and it lifted off with the stall warning horn sounding. After reaching an altitude of about 10 feet above the ground, with the horn continuing to sound, the aircraft did not continue to climb or accelerate. The pilot therefore lowered the nose and allowed the aircraft to settle back to the runway. At that point, although the airspeed indicator was showing 45 mph, the pilot decided to continue the takeoff. When the airspeed reached 65 mph, he rotated a second time ("more slowly"). As the aircraft neared the end of the runway, it lifted off and slowly began to climb. Approximately 200 feet past the end of the runway, the aircraft encountered a downdraft and the pilot "...pulled the nose up." As the nose was raised, the stall warning horn sounded, and the pilot once again lowered the nose. At that point, the aircraft, which was then about 60 to 80 feet above the ground, encountered another downdraft. Almost immediately after encountering this second downdraft, the pilot decided that there was "...a substantial risk of encountering tall trees approximately 1/4 mile ahead." He therefore made the decision to execute a precautionary landing straight ahead. Although he made a successful touchdown on the wet, marshy/swampy terrain, when the nose wheel touched down, it dug into the soft mud and the aircraft nosed over, The terrain elevation was about 4,200 feet above sea level (MSL), the temperature was about 68 degrees Fahrenheit, and the barometric pressure at the nearest reporting point (Redmond, Oregon) was 30.18 inches of Mercury. Based on these parameters, the density altitude was determined to be approximately 5,550 feet. The pilot, who did not perform takeoff performance calculations prior to the attempted departure, said that he did not believe there had been any problems with the engine or the aircraft systems. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N8178X](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N8178X), registered now, S/N 17248678, built 1961 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172B - Registry model: [Cessna 172B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172b) (registry code 2072406) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental 0-300 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-0-300-series) (registry code 17022, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17248678 - Engines: Continental O-300-D 145 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: David J. Bowlin - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, June 30, 2000, 10 hours before - Departed: S21, SUNRIVER, OR - Destination: 59S, VANCOUVER, WA ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 46; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 285 total, 200 in this make and model, 285 as pilot in command, 10 in the last 90 days, 3 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 360° at 4 knots - Visibility: 20 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 68 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20000820014159A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20000820014159A), Aug 20, 2000: Cessna 172B, Bend, OR, No damage. (-23) A/c departed Sunriver encountered downdraft and unable to maintain climb. Aborted landing in marsh and overturned. No injuries. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.