# NTSB SEA07CA120: Cessna 172R, N28BC, Livermore, CA, May 1, 2007 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: April 30, 2007, 17:30 local (May 1, 2007, 00:30 UTC) - Place: Livermore, CA - Coordinates: 37.685001, -121.822776 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.6850&lon=-121.8228&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report July 25, 2007 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 65700 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=SEA07CA120 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/65700/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA07CA120 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper flare during landing. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - flare - improper, pilot in command (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, landing - flare/touchdown - terrain condition - runway ## Analysis The student pilot reported that he was doing touch-and-go landings and that on his sixth landing approach (simulated short filed landing) the airplane was "a little high." The pilot stated he "decreased altitude" by decreasing throttle and "reduced pitch" while maintaining an approach speed of 65 knots. The pilot stated the airplane was over the runway and that just before he was ready to flare, the airplane "suddenly impacted" the runway in a nose-low attitude. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the firewall as a result of the hard landing. ## Factual narrative The student pilot reported that he was doing touch-and-go landings and that on his sixth landing approach (simulated short filed landing) the airplane was "a little high." The pilot stated he "decreased altitude" by decreasing throttle and "reduced pitch" while maintaining an approach speed of 65 knots. The pilot stated the airplane was over the runway and that just before he was ready to flare, the airplane "suddenly impacted" the runway in a nose-low attitude. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the firewall as a result of the hard landing. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N28BC](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N28BC-2012-12-04), registration cancelled 2012-12-04, S/N 17280901, built 2000 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172R - Registry model: [Cessna 172R](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172r) (registry code 2072401) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming IO-360-L2A](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-io-360-l2a) (registry code 41597, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 7280901 - Engines: Lycoming IO-360 reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: KS Aviation, Inc, doing business as Sierra Academy of Aeronautics - Registered owner: Christiansen Aviation - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 1, 2007 - Departed: LVK, LIVERMORE, CA - Destination: LVK, LIVERMORE, CA - Airport: LVK, Livermore Muni, runway 25L, 2,699 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Student pilot; age 19; injuries: none; student; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3; seat: left; flight hours: 120 total, 120 in this make and model, 16 as pilot in command, 47 in the last 90 days, 23 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 250° at 10 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20070430005929A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20070430005929A), Apr 30, 2007: Cessna 172R, Livermore, CA, Substantial damage. (-23) Student pilot was practicing short field touch and go landings in the left pattern of runway 25L. On landing number six, the aircraft hit hard on the… ## Other investigations on N28BC (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB ERA12LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12LA294), Apr 19, 2012: Cessna 172R (N28BC), Richmond, KY, substantial damage. Probable cause: A total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion. Contributing to the accident was the flight instructor’s failure to supervise the student’s preflight inspection, his inadequate fuel management… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.