# NTSB SEA94LA066: Cessna 182A, N2153G, Nampa, ID, February 27, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: February 27, 1994, 13:25 local (20:25 UTC) - Place: Nampa, ID - Coordinates: 43.5993, -116.539932 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=43.5993&lon=-116.5399&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 1 serious - Status: Completed, report December 2, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 41880 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=SEA94LA066 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/41880/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA066 ## Probable cause THE PILOT IN COMMAND'S FAILURE TO REFUEL THE AIRCRAFT. FACTOR(S) CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WERE: FUEL EXHAUSTION, LACK OF TOTAL EXPERIENCE IN TYPE AIRCRAFT, AND TERRAIN CONDITION (DITCH). ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, descent - normal - fluid,fuel - exhaustion (contributing factor) - refueling - not performed, pilot in command (cause) - lack of total experience in type of aircraft, pilot in command (contributing factor) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll - terrain condition - ditch (contributing factor) ## Analysis THE AIRCRAFT DEPARTED FULLY TOPPED WITH 65 GALLONS OF FUEL ON THREE 45 NAUTICAL MILE MINIMUM LEGS PLUS A TOTAL OF FIVE PARACHUTE DROPS INVOLVING ASCENTS BETWEEN 7,500 AND 9,500 FEET ABOVE GROUND LEVEL. DURING THE DESCENT FROM THE FIFTH PARACHUTE DROP THE ENGINE STOPPED DEVELOPING POWER AND THE PILOT IN COMMAND EXECUTED A FORCED LANDING IN A FIELD. DURING THE LANDING ROLL THE AIRCRAFT COLLIDED WITH A BARB WIRE FENCE AND IMPACTED A DRAINAGE DITCH. THE AIRCRAFT OWNER'S MANUAL INDICATES THAT IN NON LEVEL FLIGHT THE UNUSABLE FUEL IS FIVE GALLONS PER FUEL TANK. POST CRASH EXAMINATION REVEALED 5.5 AND 2.0 GALLONS OF FUEL IN THE LEFT AND RIGHT FUEL TANKS RESPECTIVELY. THE PILOT DID NOT FUEL THE AIRCRAFT DURING ITS USE AND REPORTED A TOTAL OF 4 HOURS OF FLIGHT TIME IN THE CESSNA 182. ## Factual narrative On February 27, 1994, approximately 1325 hours mountain standard time (MST), a Cessna 182A, N2153G, registered to and operated by Charles L. Shumard, and being flown by Joseph S. Burnett, an airline transport rated pilot, sustained substantial damage when the aircraft came to rest in a deep ditch following a power loss and forced landing at Nampa, Idaho. The pilot was seriously injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan had been filed. The flight, which had just dropped four parachutists, was to have been operated in accordance with the requirements set forth in 14CFR91, and originated from the Nampa Airport, Nampa, Idaho. The owner of N2153G was telephonically interviewed, and reported that the aircraft departed Mountain Home, Idaho, on the morning of the accident after being topped off to 65 gallons of fuel. The aircraft was flown to Nampa (44 nautical miles (nm) straight line). It then flew two local round trip flights from Nampa climbing to approximately 10,000 feet to discharge parachutists on each flight. Subsequent to the return from the second parachute drop, the owner returned the aircraft to Mountain Home arriving with an estimated 40 gallons of fuel. The owner reported that pilot Burnett departed Mountain Home and flew to Nampa. Upon his arrival at Nampa he flew three local round trip flights from Nampa climbing to approximately 12,000 feet to discharge parachutists on each flight. The aircraft was not fueled subsequent to its first departure from Mountain Home. The pilot reported that after dropping his parachutists, and while in a descent passing through 7,000 feet, the engine went to idle power. He was unable to regain power and executed a forced landing approximately 2 miles southeast of the Nampa airport. During the landing roll the aircraft passed through a barb wire fence and came to rest bridging an irrigation ditch (refer to composite photograph 1). Additionally, the pilot reported a total of 3,845 hours of flight time and a total of 4 hours in the Cessna 182A. The aircraft was examined by investigators from the Federal Aviation Administration, Cessna Aircraft Corporation, and Teledyne-Continental prior to its removal from the site. The fuel tanks were dipped and a total of 1.5 inches and 1.0 inches were observed within the left and right fuel tanks respectively (refer to photographs 2 and 3). After the aircraft was recovered it was placed in varying nose attitudes and all fuel in each cell was removed. A total of 5.5 gallons and 2.0 gallons were retrieved from the left and right tanks respectively. Normal unusable fuel for each tank is 1.5 gallons. However, if the aircraft is not in a level flight attitude, an additional 3.5 gallons of fuel per tank may be unusable (refer to ATTACHMENT I) due to the aft placement of the fuel line ports in the fuel cells. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N2153G](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N2153G-2015-05-15), registration cancelled 2015-05-15, S/N 51453, built 1958 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182A - Registry model: [Cessna 182A](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182a) (registry code 2072704) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 51453 - Airframe hours: 3100 - Engines: CONTINENTAL O-470-L 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Part 91 - Operator: Shumard, Charles, L. - Registered owner: Shumard, Charles, L. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, August 24, 1993, 152 hours before - Airport: S67, Nampa Municipal ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 39; flight instructor, airline transport, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 3,845 total, 4 in this make and model, 351 as pilot in command, 4 in the last 90 days, 4 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 300° at 13 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,100 ft broken - Temperature: 50 °F, dew point 36 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: U35, 7 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19940227002949A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19940227002949A), Feb 27, 1994: Cessna 182A, Nampa, ID, Substantial damage. Lost power returning from fifth jump flight. Hit barbed wire fence landing. Low fuel had unported. ## Other investigations on N2153G (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB SEA05LA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA05LA127), Jun 25, 2005: Cessna 182A (N2153G), Star, ID, substantial damage. Probable cause: A loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. A factor contributing to the accident were the transmission wires. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.