# NTSB SEA94LA137: Piper PA-38, N9271T, Sweet Home, OR, June 5, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: June 5, 1994, 14:20 local (21:20 UTC) - Place: Sweet Home, OR - Coordinates: 44.360809, -122.689758 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=44.3608&lon=-122.6898&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report January 12, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 41940 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=SEA94LA137 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/41940/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA137 ## Probable cause THE PILOT DELAYED USING CARBURETOR HEAT UNTIL THE ENGINE HAD ALREADY LOST POWER DUE TO ICE FORMING IN THE CARBURETOR THROAT. FACTORS INCLUDE CARBURETOR ICING CONDITIONS, AND ROUGH/UNEVEN TERRAIN IN THE FIELD WHERE THE FORCED LANDING WAS MADE. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, cruise - carburetor heat - delayed, pilot in command (cause) - fuel system,carburetor - ice (cause) - weather condition - carburetor icing conditions (contributing factor) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - Gear collapsed, landing - roll - terrain condition - rough/uneven (contributing factor) ## Analysis WHILE FLYING IN CONDITIONS WHERE CARBURETOR ICING COULD BE EXPECTED AT BOTH GLIDE AND CRUISE POWER, THE PILOT FAILED TO APPLY CARBURETOR HEAT TO CHECK FOR ICE ACCUMULATION IN THE CARBURETOR THROAT. THE ENGINE EVENTUALLY LOST POWER DUE TO CARBURETOR ICING, AND THE PILOT ATTEMPTED A FORCED LANDING IN A NEARBY FIELD. DURING THE LANDING ROLL IN THE ROUGH/UNEVEN TERRAIN, THE LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED. ## Factual narrative On June 5, 1994, approximately 1420 Pacific daylight time (PDT), a Piper PA-38, N9271T, experienced a gear collapse during a forced landing near Sweet Home, Oregon. The private pilot and his passenger were not injured, but the aircraft sustained substantial damage. The personal pleasure flight, which departed Lebanon State Airport, Lebanon, Oregon, about 20 minutes earlier, was being operated in visual meteorological conditions at the time of the accident. No flight plan had been filed, and there was no report of an ELT activation. In a post-accident interview, the pilot said that the engine suddenly quit while he was maneuvering near Sweet Home, and he attempted a forced landing in a nearby field. During the landing roll on the rough/uneven terrain, the aircraft's gear collapsed. No problems with the engine were found in a post-accident investigation, and the engine was started and found to run fine at the scene of the crash. As part of the investigation, the temperature and dew point of the two nearest reporting stations were checked for the time of the accident. A station 27 miles south (Eugene, Oregon) showed a temperature of 62 degrees and a dew point of 48 degrees. A station 30 miles northwest (Salem, Oregon) showed a temperature of 61 degrees and a dew point of 52 degrees. These numbers were used to figure the probability of icing using the carburetor icing probability chart from the DOT/FAA/CT-82/44 publication. The numbers from the Eugene station showed the aircraft to be operating in conditions where carburetor icing could be expected to be serious at glide power. The figures from the Salem station showed the aircraft to be operating in conditions where carburetor icing could be expected to be serious at both glide and cruise power (see attachment #1). Although the pilot applied carburetor heat after the engine had lost power, he had not applied it to check for ice accumulation in the carburetor throat prior to the loss of power. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9271T](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N9271T-1996-10-12), registration cancelled 1996-10-12, S/N 3878A0309 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-38 - Registry model: [Piper PA-38-112](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-38-112) (registry code 7103812) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 38-78A0309 - Airframe hours: 1828 - Engines: LYCOMING O-235-L2C 112 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Wingren, Norman L. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, June 1, 1994, 2 hours before - Departed: S30, LEBANON, OR ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 66; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 1,440 total, 26 in this make and model, 1,440 as pilot in command, 25 in the last 90 days, 10 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 225° at 5 knots - Visibility: 20 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 8,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 61 °F, dew point 52 °F ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19940605013929A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19940605013929A), Jun 5, 1994: Piper PA38112, Sweet Home, OR, Substantial damage. Gear collapsed on forced landing due to engine failure. No engine anomalies. Serious carb icing in area. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.