# NTSB SEA97FA097: Cessna T210M, N732QB, Bullfrog, UT, May 3, 1997 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: May 3, 1997, 09:58 local (15:58 UTC) - Place: Bullfrog, UT - Coordinates: 37.570583, -110.320945 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.5706&lon=-110.3209&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 4 fatal - Status: Completed, report February 28, 2000 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 42499 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=SEA97FA097 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/42499/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97FA097 ## Probable cause The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain adequate flying airspeed, for reason(s) unknown, resulting in a subsequent stall. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, approach - vfr pattern - base leg/base to final - airspeed - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - stall - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled - terrain condition - ground ## Analysis A witness at the airport observed the aircraft arrive and reported it as being 'slower and lower' than other aircraft he had seen arriving. He also reported that 'at the north end he (the aircraft) made a sharp left turn - he seemed vertical to the ground.' A witness in a different location confirmed seeing the aircraft at a high angle of bank. The aircraft impacted the ground approximately 40 degrees nose low and 90 degrees left wing down. The pilot was experienced in the accident aircraft and familiar with the airport. The aircraft's weight at the time of the accident was estimated to be between 3,350 to 3,800 pounds (the latter weight being maximum gross takeoff weight). No evidence of control or power plant malfunction was found. The flaps were fully extended as were the landing gear. The fire damaged remains of an assortment of tools, construction material, personal effects as well as a cooler of beer, all totaled to weigh an estimated 200 pounds minimally, were found in the cabin area. The pilot-in-command's toxicology was negative, however the rear left seat passenger screened positive for ethanol (0.14 gm/dl blood (heart) and 0.15 gm/dl vitreous). ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On May 3, 1997, approximately 0958 mountain daylight time, a Cessna T210M, N732QB, registered to High Country Flying Club, and being flown by a private pilot, collided with terrain following a loss of control in flight while turning on final approach to runway 19 at the Bullfrog Basin airport, Bullfrog, Utah. The pilot and three passengers were fatally injured, and the aircraft was destroyed by impact and a post crash fire. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan had been filed. The flight, which was personal, was to have been operated under 14CFR91, and originated from Gunnison, Colorado, approximately 0845 on the morning of the accident. Shortly before the accident a radio call to the Bullfrog Basin UNICOM on frequency 122.8 mHz was received from N732QB. The radio call was handled by an employee of Arrowmark who provided the UNICOM service for the airport. She reported that the pilot reported inbound and inquired about conditions at the airport and she advised him that the wind was 2 knots at 190 degrees with no reported traffic in the area. No further contact occurred with the aircraft. Several witnesses reported observing the aircraft. One witness, on horseback located east of the airport reported that "the aircraft was flying westbound just north of the north end of the runway" and that "the left wing was straight down (and) the right one was straight up." This witness reported that when he looked back at the plane he saw a column of smoke. A second witness located several miles south of the airport, and who reported flying experience in the Cessna 210 aircraft, reported seeing the aircraft in flight although he did not see the descent to the crash site. He reported that he "did not notice anything unusual about the aircraft. It sounded normal. Its speed, altitude, and attitude appeared normal for being on the down wind leg of a standard left hand traffic pattern for runway 19." He could not recall whether the landing gear were extended. A third witness waiting at the airport for the accident aircraft to arrive reported observing the aircraft come in "from the south slower and lower than most I've seen land at the airstrip." He reported that "the engine sound(ed) smooth as he went by" and that "at the north end he made a sharp left turn - he seemed vertical to the ground and was east of (the) runway." The witness then looked down and when he looked back up the aircraft had impacted the terrain. PERSONNEL INFORMATION Three personal logbooks maintained by the pilot were reviewed by the investigator and the following information was noted: Logbook number one was opened on February 7, 1972, with the commencement of instructional flights. The last recorded entry was May 11, 1977, and the total flight time logged was approximately 375 hours. No Cessna 210 time was logged. Logbook number two was opened on May 13, 1977. The last recorded entry was December 20, 1984, and the total flight time logged was approximately 463 hours. Aside from a single log entry on July 7, 1978, showing 9.8 hours of Cessna 210 flight time (N6844R), no Cessna 210 time was logged until December 3, 1980. This entry was entered as aircraft N732QB and all remaining Cessna 210 flights logged were in this aircraft. A total of approximately 318 hours of 210 time was logged in this logbook. Logbook number three was opened on January 10, 1985. The last recorded entry was January 22, 1997, and the total flight time logged was approximately 406 hours (401 pilot-in-command). All but three of the entries within this logbook were Cessna 210 flights conducted in N732QB. A total of approximately 403 hours of 210 time was logged in this logbook. The last flight recorded in this logbooks was a bi-annual flight review conducted in the accident aircraft. No records were available for the pilot beyond the January 22, 1997, time period. The pilot's brother reported that he had made a number of trips into the Bullfrog Basin airport and that the trip on May 3, 1997, was intended for the purposes of maintenance on the pilot's houseboat at Lake Powell. A review of the pilot's three logbooks revealed the following entries: DATE: ACFT: DESTINATION: 09/21/75 C-182 Bullfrog 09/24/78 C-206 Lake Powell 10/06/83 C-210 Bullfrog 05/27/85 C-210 Bullfrog 05/16/87 C-210 Bullfrog 08/12/90 C-210 Bullfrog 08/08/91 C-210 Bullfrog 05/26/93 C-210 Bullfrog 03/18/94 C-210 Powell 10/21/95 C-210 Powell 05/09/96 C-210 Powell 05/19/96 C-210 Powell 06/09/96 C-210 Powell 03/30/97 C-210 Bullfrog (from ATTACHMENT RL-I) AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The airframe logbook for N732QB showed an annual inspection conducted on January 10, 1997, at a total time (tach) of 2,999 hours. The last entry in the engine logbook showed an oil change on April 31, 1997, at a tach time of 3,023 hours. The time accrued between this date and the date of the accident was unknown and the times entered in NTSB Form 6120.4 are based upon the information up to April 31, 1997, as well as information found on ATTACHMENT RL-1 (discussed further). Records showed that the aircraft was fueled with 30 gallons of 100 low lead grade aviation fuel by Gunnison Valley Aviation on the morning of May 3, 1997. The fueler could not verify whether this topped the aircraft's fuel tanks or not. The aircraft's fuel capacity was 90 gallons. It's maximum gross takeoff weight (MGTOW) was 3,800 pounds and, according to the most recent weight entry within the airframe log, its empty weight was 2436.4 pounds. A projected fuel load based on the weights of the occupants, estimated baggage/cargo weight and aircraft empty weight subtracted from the MGTOW was derived as follows: Aircraft MGTOW: 3800# Aircraft empty weight: -2436# Pilot weight (note 1): -207# Passenger #1 (note 2): -195# Passenger #2 (note 2): -160# Passenger #3 (note 2): -155# Bags & Cargo (note 3): -200# Total [NO FUEL] WT : = 3353# Maximum allowable fuel weight for takeoff from Gunnison: 3800# - 3353# = 447# (=74.5 gallons) Note 1: weight derived from FAA medical records Note 2: weights derived from driver's license records Note 3: weight estimated and discussed further METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION A witness located at the Bullfrog Basin airport at the time of the accident reported that the "windsock was flat down" and that it was "bright and sunny." A second witness located several miles south of the accident site estimated the winds as "steady out of 200 degrees (approx) at 7-9 knots." AERODROME INFORMATION The Bullfrog Basin airport is serviced by a single 3,500 foot long asphalt runway (01/19) measuring 40 feet in width. The airport elevation is 4,167 feet above sea level (ASL). The geography of the runway is such that the runway slopes gradually uphill from its approximate midpoint toward each end. There is no VASI nor any other visual system providing vertical guidance to landing pilots. The airport is unattended and has no fueling facilities. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The ground impact site was established at 37 degrees 33.22 minutes north and 110 degrees 42.61 minutes west latitude and longitude respectively using a hand held global positioning unit. The elevation of the ground impact site was approximately 4,175 feet above mean sea level. The terrain at the site was characterized by gently sloping hard packed dirt mixed with small rock aggregate. The crash site was located approximately 700 feet north northeast of the approach end of runway 19 at the Bullfrog Basin airport (refer to CHART I). The first evidence of ground impact was a ground scar oriented along a 219 degree magnetic bearing line. The ground scar measured approximately 40 feet in length with its southwest end terminating in a crater approximately one foot deep. The main ## Aircraft - Registration: [N732QB](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N732QB-1998-11-13), registration cancelled 1998-11-13, S/N 21061680 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna T210M - Registry model: [Cessna T210M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-t210m) (registry code 2073451) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 21061680 - Airframe hours: 3028 - Engines: Continental TSIO-520-R 310 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Sweitzer, Robert, S. - Registered owner: High Country Flying Club - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, January 10, 1997, 29 hours before - Departed: GUC, GUNNISON, CO - Destination: U07 - Airport: U07, Bullfrog Basin, runway 19, 3,500 × 40 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 52; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 1,244 total, 721 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 90° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 61 °F, dew point 27 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: PGA, 52 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19970503007599A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19970503007599A), May 3, 1997: Cessna T210M, Bullfrog, UT, Destroyed, 4 fatal. Aircraft stalled on final approach, crashed short of runway. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.