# NTSB WPR10LA156: North American P51D, N514NH, Chandler, AZ, March 11, 2010

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Fatal · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: March 11, 2010, 13:23 local (20:23 UTC)
- Place: Chandler, AZ
- Coordinates: 33.298889, -111.915557 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=33.2989&lon=-111.9156&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Defining event: [Landing-flare/touchdown: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240)
- Highest injury: Fatal
- Injuries: 1 fatal
- Status: Completed, report March 16, 2011
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB office: Western Pacific Region
- Parties: Federal Aviation Administration FSDO
- NTSB case key (mKey): 75478
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR10LA156
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/75478/pdf
- NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=75478
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10LA156

## Probable cause

The pilot’s improper flare, resulting in a bounced landing, stall, and loss of directional control.

## Findings

NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause.

- [Performance/control parameters: landing flare](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Incorrect use/operation (probable cause); cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 1,285 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md)
- [Performance/control parameters: angle of attack](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 990 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md)
- [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md)
- [Object/animal/substance: fence/fence post](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022047): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on equipment; cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022047/cases.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 313 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022047/cases.md)

## Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened.

- [Landing-flare/touchdown: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092); cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 2,102 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md)
- [Landing-flare/touchdown: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) (defining event); cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 5,002 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md)
- [Landing-flare/touchdown: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md)
- [Landing: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=6402304), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md)

## Analysis

The airplane bounced several times after touchdown followed by the nose pitching up 20-25 degrees. The airplane became airborne about 20 feet above the runway surface and stalled. The left wing dropped down about 20 degrees and the nose yawed about 30 degrees to the left of the runway heading. The pilot appeared to have taken the proper steps to regain control of the airplane, as the nose was lowered to about a level flight attitude, the wings leveled, and the application of power was heard. Despite his apparent efforts, these inputs were not sufficient to maintain directional control or alignment with the runway. The airplane departed the east edge of the runway before crossing the grass infield and the perpendicular taxiway. Witnesses reported that even after veering of the runway the airplane continued to accelerate, giving the appearance that the pilot was attempting to attain flying speed and depart. The airplane briefly became airborne before colliding with a large rock and fence post. It continued across the parking ramp and collided with a hangar, at which point it was consumed by fire.

## Factual narrative

HISTORY OF FLIGHT On March 11, 2010, about 1323 mountain standard time, an experimental North American P51D, N514NH, collided with a hangar at Stellar Airpark, Chandler, Arizona. Hirani Oil Arizona LLC was operating the airplane under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91. The certificated commercial pilot was killed; the airplane sustained substantial damage by impact forces and post crash fire. The local personal flight departed Chandler, about 1300. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan had been filed. Witnesses observed the airplane make a low pass; then they saw it make a climbing left turn to stay in the traffic pattern for landing. They observed the landing gear down as the airplane approached midfield on the downwind leg. One of the witnesses thought that base and final appeared normal. Another thought that the descent rate on final was high. The airplane bounced three times, and yawed to the left. During the bounces, the wings rocked with the oscillations increasing each time, reaching up to 40 degrees. The left wing was low on the last touchdown. The power increased, and the airplane appeared to level off. It maintained about 5 feet of altitude, and was yawed about 30 degrees to the runway. An instructor pilot (IP) for the P-51, who was also familiar with the accident airplane and pilot, observed the landing. He noted that the approach for landing on runway 17 appeared normal. On short final, it appeared that the pilot closed the throttle in an attempt to land very close to the approach end of the runway. The pilot had done this on previous occasions so that he could exit the runway at an intersection rather than go all of the way to the end. The sink rate was greater than normal, and the main landing gear wheels contacted the runway before the flare was completed. The IP pointed out that the pilot liked to sit very low in the cockpit, which the IP felt reduced his forward visibility and depth perception. The airplane bounced up about 20 feet after touchdown, and the nose pitched up about 20-25 degrees. The IP thought the airplane stalled at this point, as the left wing dropped down about 20 degrees, and the airplane turned several degrees to the left of the runway heading. It appeared that the pilot took proper corrective action to regain control; he lowered the nose to about a level flight attitude, leveled the wings, and added power. As the airplane regained flying speed, it settled to the runway while still heading toward a hangar complex. It departed the east edge of the runway, crossed the grass infield, and the perpendicular taxiway. At this point, the left main tire appeared to blow as it crossed a curb. The two main landing gear wheels rolled along the ground about another 100 feet. The airplane continued to accelerate, and it appeared that the pilot was attempting to attain flying speed to fly out of the situation. It briefly became airborne before colliding with a large rockand fence post. It continued in the same general direction across a parking ramp, and then collided with a large hangar door post, which instantly stopped it. The IP noted that engine performance appeared to be normal. He heard the engine go to idle on short final, and stayed at or near idle power when the airplane stalled following the initial touchdown. He pointed out that the airplane did not yaw left appreciably during the nose down pitch change, which indicated to him that the propeller was turning at or near normal idle rpm. The engine noise level then increased to a higher power sound during the aborted landing attempt, which he estimated at 3,000 rpm. It maintained this normal high power setting until colliding with the fence. It then increased to an abnormally high rpm, which he opined could be due to the propeller gearbox becoming uncoupled or separating. This would unload the engine, and allow it to increase far beyond the normal 3,000 rpm maximum. The sound stayed at this high level until the airplane collided with the hangar door; engine sounds simultaneously ceased. The airplane fragmented after hitting the fence, and caught fire immediately after colliding with the hangar. PERSONNEL INFORMATION A review of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) airman records revealed that the 54-year-old pilot held a commercial pilot certificate with ratings for airplane single-engine and multiengine land. The pilot held a third-class medical certificate issued on February 23, 2009. It had no limitations or waivers. An examination of the pilot's logbook indicated that the last entry was August 26, 2008. As of that date, the pilot had an estimated total flight time of 4,890 hours. He logged 28 hours in the last 90-day period; 6.9 were in the P-51. He had an estimated 49.5 hours in this make and model; 36.6 of the previous 12 months’ 208 hours were in the P-51. He completed a biennial flight review in December 2008. FAA records indicated that the pilot had owned the airplane since April 2007. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The airplane was an experimental North American P-51D, serial number 44-84850. No logbooks were recovered for the airframe and engine. The pilot’s mechanic informed the FAA inspector that the airplane had a total airframe time of 3,104 hours at the last annual inspection. He completed an annual inspection April 9, 2009. The engine was a Rolls-Royce V-1650-7 rated at 1,695 horsepower. Time since major overhaul was 491 hours. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION The Maricopa County Coroner completed an autopsy, and ruled the cause of death as smoke inhalation and thermal burns. The Forensic Toxicology Research Team, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, performed toxicological testing of specimens of the pilot. Analysis of the specimens contained no findings for cyanide, volatiles, and tested drugs. The report noted 20 percent carbon monoxide detected in blood.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N514NH](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N514NH), registered now, S/N 44-84850, built 1944 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: NORTH AMERICAN P51D
- Registry model: [North American/Aero Classics P-51D](https://openairdocs.org/model/north-american-aero-classics-p-51d) (registry code 6402304) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Rolls-Royce V-1650-7](https://openairdocs.org/engine/rolls-royce-v-1650-7) (registry code 54558, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 44-84850
- Airframe hours: 3104
- Engines: Rolls-Royce V-1650-7 1695 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Fire: On-Ground
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Operator: Hirani Oil Arizona LLC
- Registered owner: Hirani Oil Arizona LLC
- Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special)
- Last inspection: Annual, April 9, 2009, 21 hours before
- Departed: P19, Chandler, AZ
- Destination: P19, Chandler, AZ
- Airport: P19, Stellar Airpark, runway 17, 3,913 × 60 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 54; injuries: fatal; commercial, private; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; last flight review December 29, 2009; seat: single; toxicology performed; flight hours: 4,890 total, 49 in this make and model, 28 in the last 90 days

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: calm
- Visibility: 40 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 55 °F, dew point 32 °F
- Altimeter: 30.10 inHg
- Observed at: CHD, 5 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 20100311029459A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20100311029459A), Mar 11, 2010: North Ameri P-51D, Chandler, AZ, Destroyed, 1 fatal. On March 10, 2010 at approximately 1300MST, aircraft registration N514NH, a North American P-51-D, serial number 44-84850, departed the williams gateway…

## Docket (4 files)

The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 13, 2010, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=75478. 1.3 MB in all.

- Witness Statements (item 1, .PDF, 1.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40340832&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Witness%20Statements-Redacted.PDF
- Report from FAA Inspector Roberts (item 2, .PDF, 38 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40333935&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Report%20from%20FAA%20Inspector%20Roberts%20-Master.PDF
- Toxicological Report (item 3, .PDF, 106 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40328537&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicological%20Report-Master.PDF
- Release of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15 (item 4, .PDF, 35 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40333937&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Release%20of%20Aircraft%20Wreckage,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.15-Redacted.PDF

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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