# NTSB WPR10LA259: Socata TB-20, N3041Y, Happy Camp, CA, May 22, 2010 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: May 22, 2010, 13:30 local (20:30 UTC) - Place: Happy Camp, CA - Coordinates: 41.738056, -123.391113 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.7381&lon=-123.3911&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Enroute-cruise: VFR encounter with IMC](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report October 4, 2012 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 76101 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR10LA259 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/76101/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=76101 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10LA259 ## Probable cause The pilot’s inadequate preflight planning and decision to continue to operate under visual flight rules into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in an encounter with an embedded thunderstorm and rain showers and moderate to severe turbulence, which ultimately resulted in the loss of airplane control. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000/cases.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 1,269 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000/cases.md) - [Planning/preparation: weather planning](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061020): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061020/cases.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 156 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061020/cases.md) - [Action: incorrect action selection](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010/cases.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 397 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010/cases.md) - [Turbulence: convective turbulence](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03032020): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03032020/cases.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 145 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03032020/cases.md) - [Convective weather: thunderstorm](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010/cases.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 100 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010/cases.md) - [Ceiling/visibility/precip: rain](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035035): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035035/cases.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 56 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035035/cases.md) - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Enroute-cruise: VFR encounter with IMC](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401) (defining event); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401/sequence.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 392 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401/sequence.md) - [Enroute-cruise: Turbulence encounter](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/360); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/360/sequence.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 423 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/360/sequence.md) - [Enroute-cruise: Windshear or thunderstorm](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/390); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/390/sequence.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 224 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/390/sequence.md) - [Enroute-cruise: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240); cases with it: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md?model=8680695), [All aircraft, 5,002 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md) ## Analysis The non-instrument-rated pilot advised an air traffic controller that he was having trouble descending through clouds. At that point, the controller lost radio and radar contact with the pilot and airplane, respectively. Shortly thereafter, emergency services began receiving telephone calls regarding a possible airplane crash. A law enforcement helicopter could not respond due to the foggy and rainy weather conditions. The wreckage was located later that evening in a forested area. Satellite imagery around the accident time showed the development of an area of convection immediately over the accident site consistent with low topped thunderstorms, which were embedded within a low cloud cover. The accident airplane encountered instrument meteorological conditions when it was lost from radar contact. The flight likely also encountered heavy rain and moderate to severe turbulence associated with the embedded thunderstorms. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On May 22, 2010, about 1330 Pacific daylight time, a Socata TB-20 Trinidad, N3041Y, impacted terrain while in cruise flight over Happy Camp, California. The owner operated the airplane as a personal cross-country flight under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. The pilot sustained fatal injuries, and the airplane sustained substantial damage. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the flight that departed Palm Springs International Airport (PSP), Palm Springs, California, at an undetermined time. The flight was destined for the Rogue Valley International - Medford Airport (MFR), Medford, Oregon. No flight plan had been filed. Information received from Seattle Air Traffic Control Center, who was in radio contact with the pilot at the time, indicated that the pilot advised them that he was having trouble descending through clouds. At that point, the controller lost radar and radio contact with the airplane and pilot. According to the Siskiyou County Sheriff's Department, they began to receive 911 calls about 1341 regarding a possible airplane crash. The Watch Commander requested helicopter support from the California Highway Patrol, but they could not respond due to the foggy and rainy weather conditions. They located the wreckage about 1720. The pilot’s spouse reported to the sheriff’s department that her husband flew this trip regularly, once a month, and flew by himself. A friend, who had dropped off the pilot at PSP the day of the accident, reported to the sheriff’s department that the pilot was flying by himself on the day of the accident. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector plotted recorded radar data. At 1723:07, a target on a northerly course was at a mode C reported altitude of 9,200 feet mean sea level (msl). The target veered slightly west, and was at 8,000 feet msl at 1724:55. The target veered back to the north and climbed; at 1726:07, it was at 8,600 feet, which was the last target with an altitude. The targets continued to track to the north. The last radio contact occurred about 1727, and the last radar target at 1727:43 was in the vicinity of the accident site. PERSONNEL INFORMATION A review of FAA airman records on file at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, revealed that the 84-year-old pilot held a private pilot certificate with an airplane single engine land rating. No personal flight records were located for the pilot. The National Transportation Safety Board investigator-in-charge (IIC) obtained the aeronautical experience listed in this report from a review of the FAA airmen medical records on file in the Airman and Medical Records Center located in Oklahoma City. The pilot was issued a third-class medical on May 12, 2012; it had the limitation that he shall wear corrective lenses. He reported on his most recent airmen medical application a total flight time of 1,900 hours, with 50 hours flown in the past 6 months. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The aircraft logbooks were notlocated. The airplane was a Socata TB-20 Trinidad, serial number 1507. According to the airworthiness registration, the airplane was issued a standard airworthiness certificate in the normal category on November 9, 1992. At that time a Lycoming engine, model IO-540-C4-D5D, was installed on the airplane. The pilot purchased the airplane on June 7, 2004. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION A staff meteorologist for the NTSB prepared a factual report, which included the following weather for the departure area, route of flight, and destination. The report is in the public docket. The closest official weather observation station was Jack Mc Namara Field Airport, Crescent (CEC), California, which was immediately west of the accident site. An aviation routine weather report (METAR) for CEC issued at 1356 stated: wind from 220 degrees at 7 knots; visibility 10 miles; sky few clouds at 3,800 feet; temperature 11 degrees Celsius; dew point 5 degrees Celsius; altimeter 30.08 inches of mercury. To the east, Siskiyou County Airport (SIY), Montague, California, reported at 1305: wind from 010 degrees at 12 knots; visibility 10 miles; a few clouds at 5,000 feet, ceiling overcast at 6,500 feet; temperature 7 degrees Celsius; dew point -2 degrees Celsius; altimeter 29.96 inches of mercury. In the notes section of the METAR, it also reported that rain had ended 6 minutes prior to the report. The planned destination of MFR was approximately 44 miles northeast of the accident site. It reported rain ending within an hour of the accident, and visual flight rules conditions at the time of the accident. The station models on Weather Depiction Charts surrounding the accident site at 1200 depicted light continuous rain and snow north of the accident site with ceilings overcast between 2,700 and 4,900 feet above ground level (agl). The 1500 chart depicted an area of visibility 3 miles in heavy rain with a ceiling overcast at 1,700 feet agl. A Radar Summary Chart depicted a large area of echoes associated with rain showers extending over northern California, and snow showers over southern and northern Oregon, with maximum echo tops between 22,000 to 28,000 feet. The closest Weather Surveillance Radar-1988, Doppler (WSR-88D), was located at the NWS Medford (MAX), Oregon, approximately 37 miles southwest of the accident site. The image depicted light to moderate intensity echoes scattered over northern California, and over the accident site, with several strong or heavy intensity echoes embedded in the area. The images show that N3041Y had entered into clouds and precipitation or was in instrument meteorology conditions (IMC) during the last 4 minutes of the flight. The area was intensifying with time, and thus more likely to produce moderate and greater turbulence. The NWS also had AIRMETs current over the route of flight, and the accident site for mountain obscuration conditions, icing in clouds, and precipitation between the freezing level at 4,500 feet to 14,000 feet. MEDICALAND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION The Siskiyou County Office of the Sheriff/Coroner completed an autopsy, and determined the cause of death to be multiple blunt force trauma. The FAA Forensic Toxicology Research Team, Oklahoma City, performed toxicological testing of specimens of the pilot. Analysis of the specimens for the pilot contained no findings for volatiles. They did not perform tests for carbon monoxide or cyanide. The report contained the following findings for tested drugs: 0.056 (ug/ml, ug/g) oxycodone detected in muscle. According to the FAA CAMI toxicology drug information database, Oxycodone is an opiate that is used to treat pain, therapeutic levels range from 0.0130 to 0.0990 ug/mL. Warnings associated with oxycodone include “may impair mental and/or physical ability required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks (e.g., driving, operating heavy machinery).” WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION According to responding search and rescue personnel, the accident site location was near a timber mill in 15-foot-high brush that was not visible from the air, and not accessible without proper equipment. Ground search and rescue (SAR) personnel were able to access the accident site from a closed logging road, but found only airplane debris and clothing. Both wings had separated from the fuselage, and the leading edges of both wings were undamaged. The debris area was about 3/4 mile long and 200 yards wide. Debris was on a 70-degree slope in thick brush, at an elevation of about 3,200 feet at the top of the ridge. The engine was the farthest part and came to rest at an elevation of about 1,400 feet. SAR personnel reported that the engine had struck a large pine tree near where it came to rest. The empennage had separated and the top of the cockpit had separated from the fuselage. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N3041Y](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N3041Y-2010-07-26), registration cancelled 2010-07-26, S/N 1507 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: SOCATA TB-20 - Registry model: [Socata TB-20 TRINIDAD](https://openairdocs.org/model/socata-tb-20-trinidad) (registry code 8680695) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming IO-540 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-io-540-series) (registry code 41530, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 1507 - Engines: Lycoming IO-540-C4D5D 250 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: PSP, Palm Springs, CA - Destination: MFR, Medford, OR - Airport: 36S, Happy Camp Airport ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 84; injuries: fatal; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; toxicology performed; flight hours: 1,900 total ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 290° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 52 °F, dew point 34 °F - Altimeter: 29.98 inHg - Observed at: MFR, 45 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20100522005659A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20100522005659A), May 22, 2010: Socata TB-20 TRINI, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Pilot was enroute VFR from kpsp to kmfr at 17,500FT. He was receiving flight following from sea center. Descendet for arrival into kmfr into marginal VFR… ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on August 7, 2012, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=76101. 1.9 MB in all. - Meteorology 5 - Factual Report of Group Chairman (item 1, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40346026&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Meteorology%205%20-%20Factual%20Report%20of%20Group%20Chairman-Master.PDF - Dtc duat evr N3041Y (item 2, .PDF, 19 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372687&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=DTC%20DUAT%20EVR%20N3041Y-Redacted.PDF - Radar Plot Google (FAA) (item 3, .PDF, 322 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372688&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Radar%20Plot%20Google%20(FAA)-Master.PDF - Radar Plot Google II (FAA) (item 4, .PDF, 326 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372689&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Radar%20Plot%20Google%20II%20(FAA)-Master.PDF - Toxicological Report (item 5, .PDF, 109 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372686&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicological%20Report-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.