# NTSB WPR11CA174: Cessna 182C, N9040T, Stockton, CA, March 20, 2011 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: March 20, 2011, 16:00 local (23:00 UTC) - Place: Stockton, CA - Coordinates: 37.89722, -121.24472 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.8972&lon=-121.2447&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Standing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/150) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Standing-engine(s) start-up: Ground handling event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/080) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 2 minor - Status: Completed, report June 20, 2011 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: FAA FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 78600 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR11CA174 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/78600/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78600 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR11CA174 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to secure the airplane before pulling the propeller to start the engine. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02060000): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182C, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02060000/cases.md?model=2072708), [All aircraft, 137 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02060000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Standing-engine(s) start-up: Ground handling event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/080) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 182C, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/080/sequence.md?model=2072708), [All aircraft, 108 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/080/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot said he had tried to start the airplane's engine, but the battery seemed weak. He decided to pull the propeller by hand a revolution or two to get more oil/lubricant to the cylinders, rings, and valve stems. He explained to his non-pilot passenger that he was not going to start the engine, but mechanically lubricate it for an easier start. He stated that he turned the master off, and he believed that he turned the magnetos off. He did not set the parking brake or block the tires. After the propeller was turned 1 to 1.5 revolutions, the engine started. The airplane lurched forward and the pilot was unable to get into it. The airplane crossed a taxiway and a runway before it encountered soft earth and nosed over. The engine was pushed aft, wrinkling the fuselage, the right wing lift strut was bent, the right wing displayed wrinkles, and the aft section of the fuselage was bent and wrinkled. ## Factual narrative The pilot said he had tried to start the airplane's engine, but the battery seemed weak. He decided to pull the propeller through by hand a revolution or two to get more oil/lubricant to the cylinders, rings, and valve stems. He explained to his non-pilot passenger that he was not going to start the engine, but mechanically lubricate it for an easier start. The pilot stated that he turned the master off, and he believed that he turned the magnetos off. He did not set the parking brake or block the tires. After the propeller was turned 1 to 1.5 revolutions, the engine started. The airplane lurched forward and the pilot was unable to get into it. The airplane crossed a taxiway and a runway before it encountered soft earth and nosed over inverted. The engine was pushed aft, wrinkling the fuselage, the right wing lift strut was bent, the right wing displayed wrinkles, and the aft section of the fuselage was bent and wrinkled. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9040T](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N9040T-2017-09-26), registration cancelled 2017-09-26, S/N 52940, built 1960 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182C - Registry model: [Cessna 182C](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182c) (registry code 2072708) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 52940 - Airframe hours: 7951 - Engines: Continental O-470-L 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Mattew R. Stefanac - Registered owner: Mattew R. Stefanac - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, May 11, 2010, 19 hours before - Departed: SCK, Stockton, CA - Destination: SCK, Stockton, CA - Flight plan: Unknown - Airport: SCK, Stockton Metropolitan Airport ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 63; injuries: minor; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review March 7, 2010; flight hours: 2,000 total, 500 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 140° at 12 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 52 °F, dew point 46 °F - Altimeter: 29.54 inHg - Observed at: SCK ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20110320003619A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20110320003619A), Mar 20, 2011: Cessna 182C, Stockton, CA, Substantial damage. After attempting to start the aircraft, with no success (low battery),the pilot got out of the aircraft to hand turn the propeller to get more oil/lubricant to… ## Other investigations on N9040T (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB OAK70D0063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/OAK70D0063), Jul 27, 1969: Cessna 182 (N9040T), Bass Lake, CA, substantial damage ## Docket (1 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 13, 2011, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78600. 361 KB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 361 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345985&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.