# NTSB WPR12CA268: Cessna 182P, N7437Q, Woodland, CA, June 17, 2012 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: June 17, 2012, 12:36 local (19:36 UTC) - Place: Woodland, CA - Coordinates: 38.67361, -121.871948 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=38.6736&lon=-121.8719&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor, 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report September 13, 2012 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 84001 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR12CA268 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/84001/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=84001 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR12CA268 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to maintain a proper descent path during the approach to land, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing, and his improper retraction of the flaps during the subsequent attempted go-around. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: descent/approach/glide path](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 9 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040/cases.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 809 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040/cases.md) - [Flight control system: tE flap control system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022750): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Incorrect use/operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022750/cases.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 74 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022750/cases.md) - [Action: incorrect action selection](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010/cases.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 397 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 10 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) - [Landing-aborted after touchdown: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Uncontrolled descent: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 47 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot was returning from a local area flight. After determining that the wind was calm, the pilot elected to conduct a straight-in approach. During the descent to the runway, the pilot realized that the airplane was higher than appropriate and extended the flaps to 40 degrees. He continued the approach and, when the airplane touched down hard on the runway, it bounced about 5 feet back into the air. The pilot decided to abort the landing rather than continue bouncing down the runway. The pilot added full power and retracted the flaps to 0 degrees. The airplane’s right wing rose and the left wing impacted the surface. According to the Cessna pilot’s operating handbook, during a balked landing, the flaps should be retracted to 20 degrees after full power is applied, and then retracted slowly after the airplane reaches 80 miles per hour. Postaccident examination revealed no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The pilot was returning from a local area flight. After determining that the winds were calm, the pilot elected to conduct a straight in landing to the north. During the descent, the airplane was higher than normal and the pilot extended the flaps to 40 degrees. He continued the approach and as the airplane touched the runway, it bounced 5 feet. He decided to abort the landing rather than continue bouncing down the runway. The pilot added full power and retracted the flaps to 0 degrees. The airplane’s right wing rose and the left wing then impacted the surface. According to the Cessna Pilot’s Operating Handbook, during a balked landing, the flaps should be retracted to 20 degrees after full power is applied, and then retracted slowly after the airplane reaches 80 miles per hour. Post accident examination of the airplane by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector revealed no preimpact mechanical malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N7437Q](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N7437Q-2014-07-08), registration cancelled 2014-07-08, S/N 18261077, built 1972 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182P - Registry model: [Cessna 182P](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182p) (registry code 2075816) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18261077 - Airframe hours: 6147 - Engines: Continental O-470-R 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Brent Noble - Registered owner: B & T Rentals - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 24, 2012, 25 hours before - Departed: F72, Franklin, CA - Destination: O41, Woodland, CA - Airport: O41, Watts-Woodland Airport, runway 36, 3,770 × 60 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 49; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review April 12, 2011; seat: left; flight hours: 191 total, 42 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 360° at 11 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 100 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 29.78 inHg - Observed at: SMF, 13 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20120617011559A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20120617011559A), Jun 17, 2012: Cessna 182P, Woodland, CA, Substantial damage. On June 17, 2012, at approximately 1239 PDT, Cessna 182P airplane, N7437Q, crashed while attempting a go-around after landing on runway 36 at Watts-Woodland… ## Docket (4 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 16, 2012, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=84001. 10.5 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 454 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372298&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF - FAA Record of Conversation (item 2, .PDF, 26 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372370&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Record%20of%20Conversation-Master.PDF - Cessna POH Excerpt (item 3, .PDF, 3.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372383&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Cessna%20POH%20Excerpt-Master.PDF - Photo 1. Airplane at Accident Site (Provided by Airport Manager) (item 4, .PDF, 6.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40372371&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%201.%20Airplane%20at%20Accident%20Site%20(Provided%20by%20Airport%20Manager)-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.