# NTSB WPR16LA122: Rans S 5, N481TJ, Lodi, CA, May 23, 2016 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: May 23, 2016, 09:45 local (16:45 UTC) - Place: Lodi, CA - Coordinates: 38.130001, -121.169998 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=38.1300&lon=-121.1700&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Approach-VFR pattern downwind: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor - Status: Completed, report May 1, 2017 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 93331 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR16LA122 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/93331/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93331 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR16LA122 ## Probable cause A total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation as the result of a pinched fuel line. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s maneuvering just before landing, which resulted in the airplane exceeding its critical angle of attack and experiencing an aerodynamic stall. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Fuel system: fuel distribution](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022820): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Design (probable cause); cases with it: [Rans S-5, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022820/cases.md?model=059004X), [All aircraft, 141 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022820/cases.md) - [Fluids: fuel](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010): Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Not specified (probable cause); cases with it: [Rans S-5, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010/cases.md?model=059004X), [All aircraft, 1,695 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: angle of attack](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Rans S-5, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md?model=059004X), [All aircraft, 990 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Rans S-5, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=059004X), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Approach-VFR pattern downwind: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) (defining event); cases with it: [Rans S-5, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md?model=059004X), [All aircraft, 3,820 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Rans S-5, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=059004X), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The student pilot reported that, during cruise flight in the experimental light sport airplane, he encountered moderate turbulence. Shortly thereafter, the engine experienced a total loss of power. Following an uneventful landing in an open field, the pilot found that a fuel line was pinched between his seat and the fuselage. After repositioning the fuel line, he was able to start the engine and took off to return to the airport. While in the airport traffic pattern, his seat shifted, and the engine lost power a second time. The pilot initiated a forced landing to a nearby road; however, just before touchdown, the pilot "banked hard left" to avoid hitting a vehicle on the road. The airplane subsequently experienced an aerodynamic stall and impacted the ground. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed that the fuel line located behind the pilot's seat could be compressed by hand. Movement of the seat allowed for the fuel line to be pinched, resulting in an interruption of fuel flow to the engine. After installing a new propeller, a test run of the engine was completed with no anomalies observed. ## Factual narrative On May 23, 2016, about 0945 Pacific daylight time, a Rans S-5, N481TJ, sustained substantial damage to the fuselage when it impacted the ground near Lodi Airport (1O3), Lodi, California following a loss of engine power. The student pilot, the sole occupant, sustained minor injuries. The airplane was registered to and operated by the pilot under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed for the local flight that originated from 1O3 at 0930. In the written statement, the pilot reported that during the flight, he encountered a moderate turbulence that was accompanied by 4 bumps. Seconds later, the engine lost power. The pilot executed an emergency landing to a nearby field. After he landed, he observed that the fuel line was pinched between the airframe and the seat. The pilot repositioned the fuel line, and ran the engine for 10 minutes to ensure there were no abnormalities and took off to return to the airport. On the downwind leg, the seat shifted to the left, and the engine stopped producing power. The pilot elected to land on a nearby road; however, a vehicle approached his direction. The pilot made a hard left turn to avoid landing on the road and the airplane stalled at about 50 feet above ground level and subsequently impacted terrain. According to the Federal Aviation Administration inspector, it was apparent that the movement of the seat pinched the fuel line which resulted in the starvation of the fuel to the engine and, therefore, caused the engine to stop producing power. The inspector stated that the pilot and a mechanic replaced the propeller and started the engine with no issues. On June 9, 2016, a National Transportation Safety Board investigator conducted the engine and airframe examination. He observed that the fuel line from the engine remained connected to the fuel pump, and from the fuel pump, the fuel line extended into the right side of the fuselage. The fuel line was manually cut forward of the fuel shut off valve, located on the right side of the airframe, just behind the seat. No abrasions or chafing were observed on the fuel line. The fuel line about 3 inches from the area it was cut could be compressed by hand. The seat remained partially attached to the airframe. The seat featured a rigid mount via two tubes on the left and right sides of the seat, that attached to the airplane structure forward of the seat. The rear of the seat frame was suspended by seat belt type webbing attached to the left and right side of the seat frame assembly. The right side seat frame tube exhibited a wear mark on the lower right side, which corresponded to another wear mark on an aluminum tube that spanned the airplane crosswise. No evidence of any preexisting mechanical malfunction was found. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N481TJ](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N481TJ-2019-01-18), registration cancelled 2019-01-18, S/N 92-189, built 1992 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: RANS S 5 - Registry model: [Rans S-5](https://openairdocs.org/model/rans-s-5) (registry code 05902L9) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Rotax 447](https://openairdocs.org/engine/rotax-447) (registry code 55576, 2 cycle) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 92-189 - Year built: 2007 - Airframe hours: 236.6 - Engines: ROTAX 503 48 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental light sport (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, June 9, 2016 - Departed: 1O3, Lodi, CA - Destination: 1O3, Lodi, CA - Airport: 1O3, Lodi - Equipment: Airframe parachute ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 75; injuries: minor; student; seat: center; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 34 total, 10 in this make and model, 10 as pilot in command, 10 in the last 90 days, 10 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 290° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 59 °F, dew point 48 °F - Altimeter: 29.95 inHg - Observed at: KSCK, 19 nm away ## Docket (4 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 14, 2017, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93331. 2.2 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 848 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40449930&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - Pilot (item 2, .PDF, 62 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40449931&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Pilot-Master.PDF - FAA Inspector Statement (item 3, .PDF, 595 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40449932&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%20Statement-Master.PDF - NTSB Airframe and Engine Exam (item 4, .PDF, 5 photos, 726 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40449933&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=NTSB%20Airframe%20and%20Engine%20Exam-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.