# NTSB WPR17FA077: Challenger II, N2621T, Oakdale, CA, March 11, 2017 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: March 11, 2017, 10:30 local (18:30 UTC) - Place: Oakdale, CA - Coordinates: 37.758056, -120.803337 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.7581&lon=-120.8033&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report March 18, 2019 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: FAA-FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 94853 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR17FA077 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/94853/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94853 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR17FA077 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to attain a proper touchdown point and his subsequent loss of directional control during landing for reasons that could not be determined because postaccident examination of the airframe and engine did not reveal any anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: landing flare](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 1,285 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Not determined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000): Not determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determined (probable cause); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 2,247 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=05903QN), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The commercial pilot landed the airplane left of the approach end of the runway on the runway safety area (RSA). Examination of tire tacks indicated that the airplane then veered left, travelled about 70 ft, and subsequently impacted the pilot's truck, which was in front of his hangar. A postimpact fire ensued. Postaccident examination of the airplane and engine revealed no evidence of preimpact mechanical anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. Although one of the witnesses stated that the engine did not sound normal, given that the other witness stated that the engine sounded normal during the flight and no anomalies were found with the engine, it was likely producing power during the accident sequence. Based on the available evidence, it is likely that the pilot failed to attain a proper touchdown point, which resulted in the airplane landing on the RSA. The pilot then failed to maintain directional control for reasons that could not be determined based on the available evidence. ## Factual narrative The two-seat, high-wing, tricycle-gear airplane, serial number CH2-0199-CW-1838 was manufactured in 1999. It was powered by a 50-horsepower Rotax 582 Model 99 engine. The airplane was also equipped with a three-bladed fixed-pitch propeller. O27 was located at an elevation of 236 ft mean sea level. It was equipped with a single paved runway, designated 10/28, which was 3,013 by 75 ft. The runway and taxiway was surrounded by a grass covered RSA. The left traffic pattern was recommended for runway 10. O27 was not equipped with an air traffic control tower. On March 11, 2017, about 1030, Pacific standard time, a Challenger II light-sport airplane, N2621T, landed on the runway safety area (RSA) near the approach end of runway 10 and subsequently impacted a vehicle at the Oakdale Municipal Airport (O27), Oakdale, California. The commercial pilot was fatally injured and the airplane sustained substantial damage. The airplane was registered to and operated by the pilot under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed near the airport and no flight plan was filed for the local flight. According to the airport caretaker, the pilot left his hangar door open, departed from runway 10 and entered the left traffic pattern. He stated that he heard the airplane on the downwind leg and that he did not see the airplane on the final approach or landing but heard an explosion. He subsequently responded to the accident site where a postimpact fire had ensued. A second witness, who was outside her house when she heard the airplane overhead, stated that she is often outside and hears airplanes pass over her house, which is below the downwind leg of the traffic pattern. She said that the accident airplane sounded different, which was what brought it to her attention. She did not witness the accident sequence. A third witness, who was at his residence, where he lived for over 50 years, stated that he heard an airplane performing several takeoffs and landings. During the last landing, he heard the airplane's wheels contact the ground, the engine advanced to full power, and then an explosion. Subsequently, he saw fire at the accident site, about 800 ft south of his location. He said that the engine sounded normal during the flight. Examination of the accident site revealed that the airplane touched down left of the approach end of the runway in the runway safety area (RSA), and left 200-ft-long tire tracks in the dirt and gravel. The tracks veered left toward the visual approach slope indicator, where the left turn increased. The tracks continued toward the taxiway into a grassy area in front of the pilot's hangar. The two tracks, the right larger than the left, continued 20 ft into low vegetation and then another 30 ft and ended near the pilot's truck. The airplane came to rest along the truck's left side. The airplane and truck sustained impact and fire damage. See figure 1 for anaerial view of the accident site. Figure 1. Aerial View of the Accident Site The Stanislaus County Sheriff's Office, Modesto, California, conducted an autopsy on the pilot. The pilot's cause of death was reported as "flash-fire burn with acute soot and smoke inhalation." The FAA's Bioaeronautical Sciences Research Laboratory, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, performed toxicology on specimens from the pilot. The tests were negative for carbon monoxide, cyanide and volatiles. The testing detected 13.6 ug/ml of acetaminophen (also known as Tylenol) in urine, which is a nonimpairing pain reliever. At 0953, Modesto Municipal Airport, Modesto, California, located 11 miles southwest of the accident site, reported wind 90° at 4 knots, visibility hazy, clear sky, temperature 17°C, dew point 14°C, and an altimeter setting 30.16 inches of mercury. The 78-year-old pilot held a commercial pilot and flight instructor certificates, with airplane single-engine land airplane ratings. His most recent Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) second-class airman medical certificate was issued on June 29, 2013, with the limitation that he must wear corrective lenses. Although his medical certificate was expired, it was not required when flying the accident airplane. The pilot reported on the medical certificate application that he had accumulated 1,800 hours of flight time, 8 hours of which were in the last 6 months. The pilot's last logbook entry, on November 30, 2016 showed that he had accumulated 1,977.2 total hours of flight time. The pilot had his check-out flight in the accident airplane on September 28, 2016, and had three more flights in the accident airplane the following November, which totaled 6 hours. The examination of the wreckage revealed that the wings and cabin area were substantially damaged by postimpact fire. The left wing had separated from the airplane and was mostly consumed by post-impact fire; only the inboard trailing edge structural tubing and inboard section of the flaperon remained. The right wing remained attached to the airplane and exhibited thermal damage. The empennage remained intact, and flight control continuity was established through an elevator control tube and rudder control cables that were separated near the cabin area. The fuel tank had separated and was found near the main wreckage partially consumed by fire. The engine was found loose from its mount near the pilot seat and exhibited excessive thermal damage to the cylinder head and attached accessories. The propeller drive belt exhibited thermal damage, and belt remnants remained on both drive gears. Two propeller blades were found about a hundred ft from the main wreckage and propeller strike damage was found near the engine mount. The engine and its components revealed no mechanical anomalies. Seat belt hardware was found, and the buckles were found unfastened. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N2621T](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N2621T-2017-05-26), registration cancelled 2017-05-26, S/N CH2-0199-CW-1838, built 1999 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CHALLENGER II - Registry model: [Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS](https://openairdocs.org/model/seltzer-william-i-challenger-ii-cws) (registry code 05903QN) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Rotax 503 DCDI](https://openairdocs.org/engine/rotax-503-dcdi) (registry code 55566, 2 cycle) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: CH2-0199-CW-1838 - Year built: 1999 - Engines: ROTAX 503 DCDI 50 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: None - Departed: O27, Oakdale, CA - Destination: O27, Oakdale, CA - Airport: O27, Oakdale, runway 10, 3,013 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 78; injuries: fatal; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review April 27, 2012; seat: front; toxicology performed; flight hours: 1,977 total, 6 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 90° at 4 knots - Visibility: 3 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 63 °F, dew point 57 °F - Altimeter: 30.15 inHg - Observed at: KMOD, 11 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20170311002039A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20170311002039A), Mar 11, 2017: Seltzer William I CHALLENGER II CWS, Oakdale, CA, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Pilot lost control on landing to rwy 10 at O27 and ran into parked vehicle. Aircraft was destroyed in post-accident fire. Pilot succumbed to injuries sustained… ## Docket (9 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 7, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94853. 21.7 MB in all. - Witness Statement - Cahoon (item 1, .PDF, 82 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470111&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Witness%20Statement%20-%20Cahoon-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - Witness (item 2, .PDF, 67 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470112&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Witness-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - Gutridge (item 3, .PDF, 66 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470113&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Gutridge-Master.PDF - Pilot Logbook (item 4, .PDF, 17.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470114&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%20Logbook-Master.PDF - Maintenance Inspection Report (item 5, .PDF, 1.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470115&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Maintenance%20Inspection%20Report-Master.PDF - Rotax - Field Notes (item 6, .PDF, 161 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470116&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Rotax%20-%20Field%20Notes-Master.PDF - Release of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15 (item 7, .PDF, 211 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470117&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Release%20of%20Aircraft%20Wreckage,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.15-Master.PDF - Toxicological Report (item 8, .PDF, 192 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470118&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicological%20Report-Master.PDF - Photo Array (item 9, .PDF, 5 photos, 2.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470119&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%20Array-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.