# NTSB WPR18LA199: Cub Crafters CC19, N70DD, Hyrum, UT, July 19, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: July 19, 2018, 09:50 local (15:50 UTC) - Place: Hyrum, UT - Coordinates: 41.596111, -111.552223 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.5961&lon=-111.5522&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Enroute-cruise: Fuel exhaustion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/192) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 1 serious - Status: Completed, report April 30, 2019 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 97836 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR18LA199 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/97836/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=97836 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR18LA199 ## Probable cause The pilot’s improper verification of the fuel quantity during the preflight inspection, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a subsequent loss of engine power. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s distraction due to a malfunctioning hangar door and a telephone call while preparing for the flight. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Fluids: fuel](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010): Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Incorrect use/operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010/cases.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 1,695 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010/cases.md) - [Inspection: preflight inspection](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061510): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061510/cases.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 551 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061510/cases.md) - [Physical workspace](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03041000): Environmental issues › Task environment · Contributed to outcome (probable cause); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03041000/cases.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03041000/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance: tree(s)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 933 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Enroute-cruise: Fuel exhaustion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/192) (defining event); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/192/sequence.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 804 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/192/sequence.md) - [Enroute-cruise: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 3,820 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md) - [Enroute: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Enroute-cruise: Off-field or emergency landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 3,365 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md) - [Enroute-cruise: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cub Crafters CC19-180, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2470004), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The airline transport pilot was relocating the airplane to the owner’s private ranch. The pilot stated that, before the flight, he ordered fuel for the airplane; however, when the fuel truck arrived, he checked the fuel levels using the fuel quantity sight gauges inside the airplane and “realized it was full,” so he declined to have the airplane refueled. The pilot stated that he did not visually verify the fuel levels in each fuel tank or use a dipstick. The pilot added that, before the flight, he was dealing with a malfunctioning hangar door when he received a telephone call from work. After the call ended, he conducted his preflight inspection of the airplane and again attempted to close the hangar door. When the pilot attempted to start the engine, the battery was dead, so he charged it, started the engine, and then took off. About 45 minutes after departure, during cruise flight over mountainous terrain, the engine began to lose power. As the pilot turned the electric fuel pump on, he noticed a slight increase in power; however, shortly thereafter, the engine lost all power. The pilot initiated an off-airport landing to a nearby open area; however, when he realized that the airplane would be unable to reach it, he maneuvered toward another suitable landing area. During the landing, the airplane impacted trees and terrain before it came to rest upright, which resulted in substantial damage to the right wing and fuselage. First responders and wreckage recovery company personnel independently confirmed that no fuel was recovered from the wing tanks. Recovery personnel also reported that there was no fuel in the engine inlet fuel line during disassembly. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed no evidence of any preexisting mechanical malfunctions or failures with the engine or fuel system, including the fuel quantity sight gauges, that would have precluded normal operation. It is possible that, due to the distractions that the pilot reported experiencing while preparing for the flight, he did not correctly read the fuel quantity sight gauges during the preflight inspection. It is likely that the pilot departed with insufficient fuel onboard to complete the flight, which led to a loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion. ## Factual narrative On July 19, 2018, about 0950 mountain daylight time, a Cub Crafters Inc. CC19-180 airplane, N70DD, impacted terrain during a forced landing following a loss of engine power near Hyrum, Utah. The airline transport pilot sustained serious injuries, and the airplane sustained substantial damage to both wings and fuselage. The airplane was registered to a private individual and operated by the pilot under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal fight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed for the cross-country flight. The flight originated from Ogden Hinkley Airport (OGD), Ogden, Utah, about 0905, with an intended destination of Pinedale, Wyoming.The owner of the airplane reported that he frequently hired the accident pilot to fly the airplane to various locations. About two weeks prior to the accident, he had the pilot fly the airplane from Thermal, California to Ogden. The owner stated that the purpose of the accident flight was to relocate the airplane to his private ranch near Pinedale. The pilot reported that on the morning of the accident, he met a friend at the airport for their intended flight of two airplanes to Pinedale. The pilot called CB Aviation, a local fixed base operator (FBO) for fuel, and while opening the hangar door to pull the accident airplane out, a cable snapped, and the hangar door stopped in an intermediate position. The pilot said he was able to get the airplane out, and when the fuel truck arrived, the driver queried him about how much fuel he would need. The pilot stated that he checked the fuel site quantity gauge and "realized it was full." He added that he did not visually inspect the fuel tanks nor did he use a dipstick. The fuel truck driver proceeded to top off the other airplane with fuel, and the pilot further acknowledged that he did not need fuel for the accident airplane. The pilot further stated that he began to focus on the hangar door, until he had received a phone call from work. After he had finished his telephone conversation, he conducted his preflight inspection of the accident airplane and attempted to close the hangar door. When the pilot attempted to start the engine on the accident airplane, he observed that the battery was dead. After completing a quick charge of the battery and securing the aft battery compartment, he started the engine, and then taxied the airplane for departure. After he completed the before takeoff checklist, the pilot initiated a takeoff on runway 3, and established visual contact with his friend, who had departed previously. The pilot stated that he was in trail of his friend and maintained visual site of him while communicating on a predetermined radio frequency. About 45 minutes later, during cruise flight over mountainous terrain, the engine began to lose power. The pilot radioed to his friend that he had lost engine power. As the pilot turned the electric fuel pump on, he noticed a slight increasein power, however, the engine lost all power shortly afterward. The pilot initiated an off-airport landing to a nearby opening, however, when he realized that he was unable to make it, he maneuvered toward another area suitable for landing. Subsequently, the airplane impacted trees and terrain before it came to rest upright. Local law enforcement reported that the airplane had sustained damage to the right wing and fuselage. They did not observe fuel within either fuel tank at the accident site. Recovery company personnel reported that no fuel was recovered from the airframe wing tanks, nor was any fuel observed in the engine inlet fuel line during disassembly and subsequent transport of the airplane. The wreckage of the airplane was recovered to a secure location for further examination. A representative from CB Aviation, the pilot's primary fuel source at OGD, reported that they had not refueled the accident airplane since November 2017. Additionally, no records of refueling the accident airplane were located at the remaining FBO's located at OGD. Examination of the recovered wreckage by the National Transportation Safety Board investigator-in-charge revealed that the engine was separated from the airframe to facilitate wreckage recovery. The top spark plugs were removed and exhibited signatures consistent with normal operation. The left and right magnetos were removed. When the magneto drive shafts were rotated, spark was produced on all four posts of each magneto. The engine driven fuel pump was removed and disassembled. The internal components of the fuel pump were unremarkable. The propeller was rotated by hand and thumb compression and suction was obtained on all four cylinders in proper firing order. Equal movement of all intake and exhaust rocker arms was observed. The induction system and exhaust system were impact damaged and free of restrictions. The carburetor was removed, inspected, and disassembled. The throttle and mixture arms moved stop to stop freely by hand. The fuel screen was free of debris. The internal floats were intact, no liquid was observed within the float bowl, and the needle valve and seat were unremarkable. The left and right wing fuel sight gauge tubes and ports were free of debris. Air was applied to both left and right wing fuel outlet fittings and air expelled from the engine inlet fuel line. No blockages were noted throughout any of the left and right wing fuel vents or fuel lines. In addition, the left and right fuel tanks were intact and not breached. No evidence of any preexisting mechanical anomalies were revealed that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N70DD](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N70DD-2021-05-17), registration cancelled 2021-05-17, S/N CC19-0026, built 2017 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cub Crafters CC19 (180) - Registry model: [Cub Crafters CC19-180](https://openairdocs.org/model/cub-crafters-cc19-180) (registry code 2470004) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming O-360-C1G](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-o-360-c1g) (registry code 42284, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: CC19-0026 - Year built: 2017 - Engines: Lycoming O-360 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: OGD, Ogden, UT - Destination: Pinedale, WY ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 40; injuries: serious; airline transport, flight engineer; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review March 15, 2018; seat: front; restraint: lap only; flight hours: 3,800 total, 30 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 73 °F, dew point 46 °F - Altimeter: 30.15 inHg - Observed at: KLGU, 18 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20180719011639A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20180719011639A), Jul 19, 2018: Cub Crafters Inc CC19-180, Hyrum, UT, Substantial damage. Climbing through 9500' the pilot reported a loss of power and crashed just short of a clearing picked for an emergency landing. Report was that there was very… ## Docket (6 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 12, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=97836. 1.4 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 976 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470348&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - Airplane Owner (item 2, .PDF, 85 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470349&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Airplane%20Owner-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - FBO Representative (item 3, .PDF, 77 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470350&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20FBO%20Representative-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - Sheriff (item 4, .PDF, 77 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470351&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Sheriff-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - SP Aircraft (item 5, .PDF, 77 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470352&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20SP%20Aircraft-Master.PDF - NTSB Airframe and Engine Examination (item 6, .PDF, 78 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470353&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=NTSB%20Airframe%20and%20Engine%20Examination-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.