# NTSB WPR18LA217: Smith Hornet, N218B, St. George, UT, August 11, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: August 11, 2018, 08:55 local (14:55 UTC) - Place: St. George, UT - Coordinates: 37.035278, -113.506111 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.0353&lon=-113.5061&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Takeoff](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Takeoff: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report May 19, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 98041 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR18LA217 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/98041/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98041 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR18LA217 ## Probable cause The pilot's loss of airplane control during takeoff due to an unexpected gust of wind. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Smith Fred D HORNET, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=05604I7), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Experience/qualifications: total experience w/ equipment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031025): Personnel issues › Experience/knowledge · Pilot; cases with it: [Smith Fred D HORNET, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031025/cases.md?model=05604I7), [All aircraft, 269 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031025/cases.md) - [Wind: crosswind](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Smith Fred D HORNET, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md?model=05604I7), [All aircraft, 1,008 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md) - [Wind: gusts](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Smith Fred D HORNET, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md?model=05604I7), [All aircraft, 1,199 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Takeoff: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) (defining event); cases with it: [Smith Fred D HORNET, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md?model=05604I7), [All aircraft, 5,002 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md) - [Takeoff: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Smith Fred D HORNET, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=05604I7), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis Video from a security camera at the airport showed the airplane taxiing toward the end of the runway, and then the airplane was no longer in the camera's view. Shortly thereafter, the airplane came back into the camera's view and was seen just above the runway surface in a nearly wings vertical, nose low attitude just before impact with the ground. The owner of the airplane reported that the pilot had accumulated thousands of flight hours and estimated that he had a total of 5 flight hours in the accident airplane. The owner also stated that the pilot had flown the airplane only when the wind was calm to ensure that he could understand the airplane and its handling characteristics. Postaccident examination of the airframe revealed no anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. The pilot's toxicology results indicated that he had taken a medically disqualifying medication. However, no evidence indicated that the use of the medication was a factor in the accident. The airplane owner stated that a strong gust of wind, at a velocity that was strong enough to shake the building he was in, occurred just before the accident. About the time of the accident, the wind direction was reported as perpendicular to the runway surface, with a wind speed of 8 knots. No gusts were reported. The owner of the airplane also stated that random gusts of wind were relatively common at the airport due to the surrounding desert terrain. Thus, it is likely that the pilot experienced an unexpected strong gusting crosswind and lost control of the airplane during the takeoff sequence. ## Factual narrative According to the airplane's owner, the airplane was built by its previous owner, who did not fly or certify the airplane. The previous owner subsequently donated the airplane to the Western Sky Aviation Warbird Museum, and the museum certified, operated, and maintained the airplane. At the time of the accident, the airplane had accumulated 17 hours total time. On August 11, 2018, about 0855 mountain daylight time, an experimental amateur-built Hornet airplane, N218B, impacted terrain during takeoff from St. George Regional Airport, St. George, Utah. The pilot was fatally injured, and the airplane sustained substantial damage. The airplane was registered to the Western Sky Aviation Warbird Museum Inc. and was operated by the pilot as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed for the local flight. Video from a security camera at the airport showed the airplane taxiing toward the end of the runway, and then the airplane was no longer in the camera's view. Shortly thereafter, the airplane came back into the camera's view and was seen just above the runway surface in a nearly wings vertical, nose low attitude just before impact with the ground. The airplane's owner reported that, just before the accident, a gust of wind "came out of nowhere" that shook the building in which he was located. First responders reported that, when they arrived on scene about 10 minutes after the accident, the engine was still running. The Utah Department of Health, Office of the Medical Examiner, Taylorsville, Utah, performed an autopsy of the pilot. His cause of death was blunt force injuries. Toxicological testing performed by the Federal Aviation Administration Forensic Sciences Laboratory identified ibuprofen in the pilot's urine specimens; venlafaxine (and its active metabolite desmethylvenlafaxine), fexofenadine, and tamsulosin in the pilot's blood and liver specimens; and azacyclonol (a metabolite of fexofenadine) in the pilot's liver specimens. No ethanol or carbon monoxide were found in the pilot's specimens. Venlafaxine (commonly marketed as Effexor) is an antidepressant used to treat depression, anxiety, and panic disorders and has some off-label use for chronic pain management. Side effects can include dizziness and drowsiness, and cautions are specified about operating heavy machinery or performing other hazardous tasks while taking this medicine. Venlafaxine is a medically disqualifying medication for pilots. Fexofenadine (commonly marketed as Allegra) is an over the counter nonsedating antihistamine used to treat seasonal allergy symptoms. Tamsulosin (commonly marketed as Flomax) is a nonsedating medication used to treat an enlarged prostate. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve pain and swelling. At the time of the accident, the wind direction was perpendicular to the departure runway with a reported wind speed of 8 knots. No gustswere recorded. The owner of the airplane mentioned that "random gusts of wind" similar to the gust just before the accident were relatively common at the airport due to the surrounding desert terrain. The owner of the airplane reported that the pilot "was heavily involved" with the accident airplane, was "very meticulous" about maintenance and safety, and ensured that the airplane operated "as optimally as possible." The airplane owner also stated that the pilot had accumulated "thousands" of flight hours, some of which included light airplanes that were heavier than the accident airplane. The airplane owner estimated that the pilot had accumulated a total of about 5 flight hours in the accident airplane. Since the airplane was new, the pilot taxied the airplane around "quite a bit" and flew it only when the wind was calm to ensure that he could understand the airplane and its handling characteristics. The airplane came to rest in the dirt about 35 ft from the edge of the runway surface. The nosewheel was separated due to fracture, and the airplane came to rest in a nose-down attitude. The forward fuselage was bent toward the left. Both the left and right wings exhibited upward crush damage to the wingtips, and the tail was mostly undamaged. The cabin and fuselage structure were twisted, and its fabric was ripped in various locations. Flight control continuity was established throughout the airframe. Postaccident examination of the airframe revealed no anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N218B](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N218B-2023-06-27), registration cancelled 2023-06-27, S/N 0018 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: SMITH HORNET - Registry model: [Smith Fred D HORNET](https://openairdocs.org/model/smith-fred-d-hornet) (registry code 05604I7) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Hirth 2706](https://openairdocs.org/engine/hirth-2706) (registry code 33703, 2 cycle) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 0018 - Airframe hours: 17 - Engines: Hirth 2706 66 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, March 26, 2018, 4 hours before - Departed: SGU, St. George, UT - Destination: SGU, St. George, UT - Airport: SGU, St. George Regional Airport, runway 1, 9,300 × 150 ft, asphalt - Equipment: None ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 69; injuries: fatal; airline transport, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; seat: front; restraint: 4-point; toxicology performed; flight hours: 7,800 total, 5 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 90° at 8 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 88 °F, dew point 55 °F - Altimeter: 30.04 inHg - Observed at: SGU ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20180811014189A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20180811014189A), Aug 11, 2018: Smith Fred D HORNET, St. George, UT, Substantial damage, 1 fatal. On 8/11/2018 at 0846 mountain standard time (MST), N218B, a Smith Fred D. Hornet, was captured on an airport security camera taxiing to runway 1. At 0851 MST… ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 22, 2020, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98041. 3.8 MB in all. - Meteorology (item 1, .PDF, 147 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482876&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Meteorology-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation Regarding On Scene - FAA Inspector (item 2, .PDF, 3.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482877&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20Regarding%20On%20Scene%20-%20FAA%20Inspector%20-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation - Owner of Airplane (item 3, .PDF, 69 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482878&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Owner%20of%20Airplane-Master.PDF - Toxicological Report (item 4, .PDF, 144 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482879&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicological%20Report-Master.PDF - Security Video of Accident (item 5, .PDF, 37 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482880&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Security%20Video%20of%20Accident-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.