# NTSB WPR22LA323: Cessna 182K, N3094Q, Tooele, UT, August 30, 2022 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report - Date: August 30, 2022, 09:15 local (15:15 UTC) - Place: Tooele, UT · Airport - Coordinates: 40.612553, -112.35077 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.6126&lon=-112.3508&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Taxi](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/250) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Taxi-to runway: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Western Pacific Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 105831 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR22LA323 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/105831/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105831 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22LA323 ## Probable cause Loss of brake pressure to both sets of brakes during taxi due to failed brake caliper O-ring seals, which resulted in a loss of directional control. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Fluids](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071000): Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid level; cases with it: [Cessna 182K, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071000/cases.md?model=2072724), [All aircraft, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071000/cases.md) - [Landing gear system: brake](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023242): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Malfunction (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182K, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023242/cases.md?model=2072724), [All aircraft, 297 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023242/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Taxi-to runway: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 182K, 6 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2072724), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) ## Analysis During an instructional flight, the student pilot reduced engine power to idle and applied the brakes as the airplane taxied toward the end of the runway. However, the airplane did not respond to this brake application. The flight instructor assumed control of the airplane and applied brakes, but the airplane still did not respond. While the flight instructor was attempting to mitigate the situation, the airplane exited the right side of the taxiway and impacted a ditch. Examination of the airplane’s brake system revealed a leak on both main landing gear brake caliper O-ring seals. Both brake calipers were removed and disassembled, and both O-ring seals were flattened, consistent with excessive use and wear. The flattened O-ring seals prevented the proper seal within the brake calipers, which resulted in the complete loss of brake fluid. The complete loss of brake fluid prevented the use of the airplane brakes, which caused a subsequent loss of directional control. ## Factual narrative On August 30, 2022, about 0915 mountain daylights time, a Cessna 182, N3094Q, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Tooele, Utah. The flight instructor and student pilot were not injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 instructional flight. The flight instructor reported that, after conducting a preflight inspection, they taxied the airplane to runway 17 for a local instructional flight. While approaching the end of the taxiway, the student pilot reduced engine power to idle and applied the brakes, but the airplane did not respond to the brake application. The flight instructor assumed control of the airplane and applied the brakes, but the airplane still did not respond. While the flight instructor was attempting to mitigate the situation with the parking brake handle and rudder, the airplane exited the right side of the taxiway and impacted a ditch. Postaccident examination showed bending of the right horizontal stabilizer as well as bending of the right elevator about midspan. Flight control continuity was established from all primary flight control surfaces to the cockpit controls. Examination of the airplane’s brake system revealed that, when the brakes were activated using the rudder pedals, no resistance or pressure was felt on both sets of rudder pedals. Both brake master cylinders were void of fluid, and a liquid consistent with brake fluid was observed leaking from both main landing gear brake caliper O-ring seals. The left and right brake calipers were removed and disassembled. Both O-ring seals were flattened, consistent with excessive use and wear. According to the mechanic, the flattened O-ring seals prevented the proper seal within the brake calipers, resulting in brake fluid leaking. A review of the airplane’s maintenance records did not show that any maintenance had been performed on the brake calipers. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N3094Q](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N3094Q), registered now, S/N 18258094, built 1967 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182K - Registry model: [Cessna 182K](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182k) (registry code 2072724) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18258094 - Year built: 1967 - Airframe hours: 4543 - Engines: Continental Motors O-470-R 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Sunrise Property Maintenance, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, November 1, 2021, 57 hours before - Airport: TVY, Bolinder Fld-Tooele Valley, runway 17, 6,102 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Stall warning system, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Auto-pilot, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Flight instructor; age 39; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review April 26, 2022; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 825.5 total, 29.8 in this make and model, 751.6 as pilot in command, 193.7 in the last 90 days, 109 in the last 30 days, 3.8 in the last 24 hours - Student pilot; age 54; injuries: none; student; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 41.3 total, 29.8 in this make and model, 41.3 in the last 90 days, 21.8 in the last 30 days, 1.7 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 250° at 3 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 77 °F, dew point 45 °F - Altimeter: 30.23 inHg - Observed at: KTVY - METAR: KTVY 301515Z AUTO 25003KT 10SM CLR 25/07 A3023 RMK AO2 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20220830016619A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20220830016619A), Aug 30, 2022: Cessna 182K, Tooele, UT, Minor damage. The pilot stated that on the morning of the flight, he was flying with an instructor pilot in his own aircraft. The pilot stated that they conducted a… ## Other investigations on N3094Q (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB LAX00LA244](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX00LA244), Jun 29, 2000: Cessna 182K (N3094Q), Mayer, AZ, substantial damage. Probable cause: the total loss of engine power resulting from the mechanic's failure to properly torque the connecting rod bolt nuts during engine overhaul. - [NTSB NYC68D0105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC68D0105), Aug 4, 1967: Cessna 182 (N3094Q), Canaan, CT, substantial damage ## Docket (6 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on August 16, 2023, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105831. 5.0 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 9 pages, 1.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14403432&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=WPR22LA323%20Pilot%206120_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Record of e-mail correspondence flight instructor (item 2, PDF, 1 page, 164 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14511132&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Record%20of%20e-mail%20correspondence%20(CFI)-Rel.pdf - Evidence control form (item 3, PDF, 1 page, 99 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14463017&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Airplane%20Logbooks%20Evidence%20Contol%20Form_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Photo array (item 4, PDF, 2 pages, 2.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14515874&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Damage%20Photo-Rel.pdf - Release of aircraft wreckage, NTSB form 6120.15 (item 5, PDF, 1 page, 355 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14516405&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Wreckage%20Release_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Summary of exam findings (item 6, PDF, 4 pages, 384 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14511650&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=SUMMARY%20OF%20FINDINGS-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.