# NTSB WPR25LA306: Temco GC-1B, N78316, Toledo, WA, September 18, 2025

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report
- Date: September 18, 2025, 12:56 local (19:56 UTC)
- Place: Toledo, WA
- Coordinates: 46.476882, -122.80835 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=46.4769&lon=-122.8084&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Takeoff](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Defining event: [Takeoff: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 1 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report April 2, 2026
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
- NTSB office: Western Pacific Region
- Parties: FAA
- NTSB case key (mKey): 201817
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=WPR25LA306
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/201817/pdf
- NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=201817
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR25LA306

## Probable cause

The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane during takeoff in crosswind conditions..

## Findings

NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause.

- [Wind: crosswind](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 1,008 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md)
- [Wind: crosswind](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Awareness of condition; cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 1,008 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md)
- [Performance/control parameters: lateral/bank control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062023): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062023/cases.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 390 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062023/cases.md)
- [Performance/control parameters: pitch control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022/cases.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 526 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022/cases.md)
- [Use of equip/info: use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot; cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 1,391 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md)

## Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened.

- [Takeoff: Other weather encounter](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/400); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/400/sequence.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 1,127 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/400/sequence.md)
- [Takeoff: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md)
- [Takeoff: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md)
- [Takeoff: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md)
- [Takeoff: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Temco GC-1B, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=9230108), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md)

## Analysis

The pilot reported that as he prepared for takeoff in the tailwheel equipped airplane, he did not observe any movement of grass or trees due to wind. During the takeoff roll, the right wing rose suddenly, which the pilot counteracted with aileron inputs. The airplane bounced, and the right wing rose a second time, which the pilot counteracted. Subsequently, the airplane banked steeply to the left, exited the runway, and impacted the ground. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage, right aileron, and the elevator. Prior to taxiing to and departing runway 24, the pilot observed a windsock, which indicated the wind was from about 260° at 2 to 6 knots. The airport manager reported there was a 20 knot crosswind at the time of the accident. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N78316](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N78316), registered now, S/N 2316, built 1947 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: TEMCO GC-1B
- Registry model: [Temco GC-1B](https://openairdocs.org/model/temco-gc-1b) (registry code 9230108) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Continental C125 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-c125-series) (registry code 17011, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 2316
- Year built: 1947
- Engines: Continental O-300B 195 hp reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: Annual, January 1, 2007
- Destination: 3S8, Grants Pass, OR
- Flight plan: VFR
- Airport: TDO, Ed Carlson Meml Fld/South Lewis County, runway 06/24, 4,479 × 150 ft, asphalt
- Equipment: Handheld GPS

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 85; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3; last flight review January 1, 2001; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 3,000 total, 500 in this make and model, 2,800 as pilot in command, 2 in the last 90 days, 2 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 260° at 20 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Temperature: 72 °F, dew point 50 °F
- Altimeter: 29.87 inHg
- Observed at: 1:15
- METAR: 12:55 PM	72 °F	50 °F	46 %	VAR	6 mph	14 mph	29.85 in	0.0 in	Fair

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 20250918015719A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20250918015719A), Sep 18, 2025: Temco GC-1B, Toledo, WA, Substantial damage. Aircraft departed Toledo, WA airport 09/18/2025. The pilot encountered crosswinds during takeoff from the north. The pilot loss control of the aircraft when…

## Docket (4 files)

The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 2, 2026, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=201817. 2.5 MB in all.

- Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 17 pages, 969 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=19901107&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120.1_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- FAA record of conversation - pilot (item 2, PDF, 3 pages, 73 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=19905448&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FAA%20Summary%20of%20Pilot%20Phone%20Interview_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- FAA record of conversation - airport manager (item 3, PDF, 2 pages, 146 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=19902728&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FAA_Apt%20Mgr%20Interview%20Documentation_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- Photos (item 4, PDF, 5 pages, 4 photos, 1.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=19906073&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Photos%20-%20WPR26LA011-Rel.pdf

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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