Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) CYC Cyclonic CYCLGN Cyclogenesis
D
D Downward (tendency in RVR during previous 10 minutes) DABRK Daybreak DALGT Daylight DBL Double DC District of Columbia DCR Decrease DCRD Decreased DCRG Decreasing DCRGLY Decreasingly DCRS Decreases DE Delaware or from (used to precede the call sign of the calling station) (to be used in AFS as a procedure signal) DEC December DEG Degrees DELMARVA Delaware-Maryland-Virginia DFCLT Difficult DFCLTY Difficulty DFNT Definite DFNTLY Definitely DFRS Differs DGNL Diagonal DGNLLY Diagonally DIF Diffuse DIGG Digging DIR Direction DISC Discontinue DISCD Discontinued DISCG Discontinuing DISRE Disregard DISRED Disregarded DISREG Disregarding DIST Distance DKTS Dakotas DLA Delay or delayed or delay (message type designator) DLT Delete DLTD Deleted DLTG Deleting DLY Daily DMG Damage DMGD Damaged DMGG Damaging DMNT Dominant DMSH Diminish DMSHD Diminished DMSHG Diminishing DMSHS Diminishes DNG Danger or dangerous DNS Dense DNSLP Downslope DNSTRM Downstream DNWND Downwind DOM Domestic DP Dew point temperature DPND Deepened DPNG Deepening DPNS Deepens DPR Deeper DPT Depth DR… Low drifting (followed by DU =dust, SA = sand or SN = snow) DRFT Drift DRFTD Drifted DRFTG Drifting DRFTS Drift DRG During DS Duststorm DSCNT Descent DSIPT Dissipate DSIPTD Dissipated DSIPTG Dissipating DSIPTN Dissipation DSIPTS Dissipates DSND Descend DSNDG Descending DSNDS Descends DSNT Distant DSTBLZ Destabilize DSTBLZD Destabilized DSTBLZG Destabilizing DSTBLZS Destabilizes DSTBLZN Destabilization DTG Date-time group DTRT Deteriorate or deteriorating DU Dust DUC Dense upper cloud DUR Duration DURC During climb AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-4
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) DURD During descent DVLP Develop DVLPD Developed DVLPG Developing DVLPMT Development DVLPS Develops DVRG Diverge DVRGG Diverging DVRGNC Divergence DVRGS Diverges DVV Downward vertical velocity DWNDFTS Downdrafts DZ Drizzle
E
E East or eastern longitude EB Eastbound EFCT Effect ELEV Elevation ELNGT Elongate ELNGTD Elongated ELSW Elsewhere EMBD Embedded in a layer (to indicate cumulonimbus embedded in layers of clouds) EMC Environmental Modeling Center EMERG Emergency ENCTR Encounter ENDG Ending ENE East-northeast ENELY East-northeasterly ENERN East-northeastern ENEWD East-northeastward ENHNC Enhance ENHNCD Enhanced ENHNCG Enhancing ENHNCS Enhances ENHNCMNT Enhancement ENR En route ENTR Entire EQPT Equipment ERN Eastern ERY Early ERYR Earlier ESE East-southeast ESELY East-southeasterly ESERN East-southeastern ESEWD East-southeastward ESNTL Essential ESTAB Establish EST Estimate or estimated or estimate (message type designator) ETA Estimated time of arrival or estimating arrival ETC Et cetera ETD Estimated time of departure or estimating departure ETIM Elapsed time EV Every EVE Evening EWD Eastward EXCLV Exclusive EXCLVLY Exclusively EXC Except EXP Expect or expected or expecting EXTD Extend or extending EXTRAP Extrapolate EXTRAPD Extrapolated EXTRM Extreme EXTRMLY Extremely EXTSV Extensive
F
F Degrees Fahrenheit or fixed FA Area Forecast (U.S.
domestic) FAA Federal Aviation Administration FAM Familiar FAX Facsimile transmission FBL Light (used to indicate the intensity of weather phenomena, interference or static reports, e.g. FBL RA = light rains) FC Funnel cloud (tornado or waterspout) FCST Forecast FEB February FEW Few FG Fog FIG Figure AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-5
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) FILG Filling FIR Flight information region FIRAV First available FL Florida or Flight Level FLD Field FLRY Flurry FLRYS Flurries FLT Flight FLUC Fluctuating or fluctuation or fluctuated FLW Follow(s) or following FLY Fly or flying FM From FM… From (followed by time weather change is forecast to begin) FMT Format FNCTN Function FNTGNS Frontogenesis FNTLYS Frontolysis FORNN Forenoon FPM Feet per minute FQTLY Frequently FRI Friday FRM Form FRMG Forming FRMN Formation FRNG Firing FRONT Front (relating to weather) FROPA Frontal passage FROSFC Frontal surface FRQ Frequent FRST Frost FRWF Forecast wind factor FSS Flight Service Station FST First FT Feet (dimensional unit) FTHR Further FU Smoke FVRBL Favorable FWD Forward FYI For your information FZ Freezing FZ LVL Freezing level FZDZ Freezing drizzle FZFG Freezing fog FZRA Freezing rain
G
G Gust or green GA Georgia GAMET Area forecast for low level flights GEN General GENLY Generally GEO Geographic or true GEOREF Geographical reference GFS Global Forecast System (model) GLFALSK Gulf of Alaska GLFCAL Gulf of California GLFMEX Gulf of Mexico GLFSTLAWR Gulf of St. Lawrence GND Ground GR Hail GRAD Gradient GRDL Gradual GRDLY Gradually GRIB Processed meteorological data in the form of grid point values expressed in binary form (aeronautical meteorological code) GRT Great GRTLY Greatly GRTLKS Great Lakes GS Small hail and/or snow pellets GSTS Gusts GSTY Gusty GTS Global Telecommunication System
H
HAZ Hazard HDFRZ Hard freeze HDSVLY Hudson Valley HDWND Head wind HGT Height HI Hawaii or high HIFOR High level forecast HJ Sunrise to sunset HLDG Holding HLF Half HLTP Hilltop HN Sunset to sunrise AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-6
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) HND Hundred HOL Holiday HPA Hectopascal HPC Hydrometeorological Prediction Center HR Hours HRZN Horizon HTG Heating HURCN Hurricane HUREP Hurricane report HVY Heavy or heavy (used to indicate the intensity of weather phenomena, e.g.
heavy rain = HVY RA) HVYR Heavier HVYST Heaviest HWVR However HWY Highway HYR Higher HZ Haze
I
IA Iowa IAO In and out of clouds IC Icing (PIREPs only) or ice crystals (very small ice crystals in suspension, also known as diamond dust) ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICE Icing ICGIC Icing in clouds ICGICIP Icing in clouds and in precipitation ICGIP Icing in precipitation ID Idaho or identifier or identity IDENT Identification IFR Instrument flight rules IGA International general aviation IL Illinois ILS Instrument landing system IMC Instrument meteorological conditions IMD Immediate or immediately IMPL Impulse IMPLS Impulses IMPR Improve or improving IMT Immediate or immediately IMPT Important INC In cloud INCL Include INCLD Included INCLG Including INCLS Includes INCR Increase INCRD Increased INCRG Increasing INCRGLY Increasingly INCRS Increases INDC Indicate INDCD Indicated INDCG Indicating INDCS Indicates INDEF Indefinite INFO Information INOP Inoperative INPR In progress INSTR Instrument INSTBY Instability INTCNTL Intercontinental INTL International INTMD Intermediate INTMT Intermittent INTMTLY Intermittently INTR Interior INTRP Interrupt or interruption or interrupted INTRMTRGN Intermountain region INT Intersection INTS Intense INTSFCN Intensification INTSF Intensify or intensifying INTST Intensity INTVL Interval INVRN Inversion IOVC In overcast INVOF In vicinity of IPV Improve IPVG Improving ISA International standard atmosphere ISOL Isolated
J
JAN January AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-7
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) JCTN Junction JTST Jet stream JUL July JUN June
K
KFRST Killing frost KG Kilograms KLYR Smoke layer aloft KM Kilometers KMH Kilometers per hour KOCTY Smoke over city KPA Kilopascals KS Kansas KT Knots KY Kentucky
L
L Left (runway identification) LA Louisiana LABRDR Labrador LAN Inland LAT Latitude LAWRS Limited aviation weather reporting station LCTMP Little change in temperature LFTG Lifting LGT Light or lighting LGWV Long wave LI Lifted Index LIS Lifted indices LK Lake LKS Lakes LKLY Likely LLJ Low level jet LLWAS Low-level wind shear alert system LLWS Low-level wind shear LN Line LOC Local or locally or location or located LONG Longitude LONGL Longitudinal LRG Long range LRGLY Largely LRGR Larger LRGST Largest LST Local standard time LTD Limited LTG Lightning LTGCC Lightning cloud-to-cloud LTGCG Lightning cloud-to-ground LTGCCCG Lightning cloud-to-cloud, cloud-to-ground LTGCW Lightning cloud-to-water LTGIC Lightning in cloud LTL Little LTLCG Little change LTR Later LTST Latest LV Light and variable (relating to wind) LVE Leave or Leaving LVL Level LWR Lower LWRD Lowered LWRG Lowering LRY Layer or layered
M
M Meters (preceded by figures) or Mach number (followed by figures) MA Massachusetts MAG Magnetic MAINT Maintenance MAN Manitoba MAR March MAX Maximum MAY May MB Millibar MBST Microburst MCD Mesoscale discussion MD Maryland MDFY Modify MDFYD Modified MDFYG Modifying MDL Model MDLS Models MDTLY Moderately ME Maine MED Medium MEGG Merging MESO Mesoscale AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-8
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) MET Meteorological or meteorology METAR Aviation routine weather report (in aeronautical meteorological code) METRO Metropolitan MEX Mexico MHKVLY Mohawk Valley MI Michigan MID Mid-point (related to RVR) MIDN Midnight MIFG Shallow fog MIL Military MIN Minutes MISG Missing MLTLVL Melting level MN Minnesota MNLD Mainland MNM Minimum MNLY Mainly MNT Monitor or monitoring or monitored MNTN Maintain MO Missouri MOD Moderate (used to indicate the intensity of weather phenomena, interference or static reports, e.g.
moderate rain = MOD RA) MOGR Moderate or greater MON Monday or above mountains MOPS Minimum operational performance standards MOV Move or moving or movement MPH Miles per hour MPS Meters per second MRG Medium range MRGL Marginal MRGLLY Marginally MRNG Morning MRTM Maritime MS Mississippi or minus MSG Message MSL Mean sea level MST Most MSTLY Mostly MSTR Moisture MT Montana or mountain MTW Mountain waves MULT Multiple MULTILVL Multilevel MWO Meteorological watch office MX Mixed type of ice formation (white and clear)
N
N North or northern latitude or no distinct tendency (in RVR during previous 10 minutes) NAB Not above NAM North American Mesoscale (model) NAT North Atlantic NAV Navigation NB New Brunswick or northbound NBFR Not before NBRHD Neighborhood NC North Carolina or no change NCEP National Center of Environmental Prediction NCO NCEP Central Operations NCWX No change in weather ND North Dakota NE Nebraska or northeast NEB Northeast bound NEC Necessary NEG No or negative or permission not granted or that is not correct NEGLY Negatively NELY Northeasterly NERN Northeastern NEWD Northeastward NEW ENG New England NFLD Newfoundland NGT Night NH New Hampshire NHC National Hurricane Center NIL None or I have nothing to send to you NJ New Jersey NL No layers NLT Not later than AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-9
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) NLY Northerly NM New Mexico or nautical miles NMBRS Numbers NML Normal NMRS Numerous NNE North-northeast NNELY North-northeasterly NNERN North-northeastern NNEWD North-northeastward NNW North-northwest NNWLY North-northwesterly NNWRN North-northwestern NNWWD North-northwestward NNNN End of message NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOPAC Northern Pacific NOSIG No significant change (used in trend-type landing forecasts) NOV November NPRS Non-persistent NR Number NRLY Nearly NRN Northern NRW Narrow NS Nova Scotia or nimbostratus NSC Nil significant cloud NSW Nil significant weather NTFY Notify NTFYD Notified NTL National NV Nevada NVA Negative vorticity advection NW Northwest NWB Northwest bound NWD Northward NWLY Northwesterly NWRN Northwestern NWS National Weather Service NY New York NXT Next
O
OAT Outside air temperature OBS Observe or observed or observation OBSC Obscure or obscured or obscuring OCFNT Occluded front OCLD Occlude OCLDS Occludes OCLDD Occluded OCLDG Occluding OCLN Occlusion OCNL Occasional or occasionally OCR Occur OCRD Occurred OCRG Occurring OCRS Occurs OCT October OFC Office OFP Occluded frontal passage OFSHR Offshore OH Ohio OHD Overhead OK Oklahoma or we agree or it is correct OMTNS Over mountains ONSHR On shore OPA Opaque, white type of ice formation OPC Ocean Prediction Center OPN Open or opening or opened OPR Operator or operate or operative or operating or operational OR Oregon ORGPHC Orographic ORIG Original OSV Ocean station vessel OTLK Outlook (used in SIGMET messages for volcanic ash and tropical cyclones) OTP On top OTR Other OTRW Otherwise OUBD Outbound OUTFLO Outflow OVC Overcast OVNGT Overnight OVR Over OVRN Overrun OVRNG Overrunning OVTK Overtake OVTKG Overtaking AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-10
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) OVTKS Overtakes
P
PA Pennsylvania PAC Pacific PATWAS Pilot’s automatic telephone weather answering service PBL Planetary boundary layer PCPN Precipitation PD Period PDMT Predominant PEN Peninsula PERM Permanent PGTSND Puget Sound PHYS Physical PIBAL Pilot balloon observation PIREP Pilot weather report PL Ice pellets PLNS Plains PLS Please PLTO Plateau PLVL Present level PM Postmeridian PNHDL Panhandle PO Dust/sand whirls (dust devils) POS Positive POSLY Positively POSS Possible PPI Plan position indicator PPINA Plan position indicator not available (U.S. Weather Radar Report) PPINE Plan position indicator no echoes (U.S. Weather Radar Report) PPSN Present position PRBL Probable PRBLY Probably PRBLTY Probability PRECD Precede PRECDD Preceded PRECDG Preceding PRECDS Precedes PRES Pressure PRESFR Pressure falling rapidly PRESRR Pressure rising rapidly PRFG Aerodrome partially covered by fog PRI Primary PRIN Principal PRIND Present indications are PRJMP Pressure jump PROB Probability PROC Procedure PROD Produce PRODG Producing PROG Forecast PROGD Forecasted PROGS Forecasts PRSNT Present PRSNTLY Presently PRST Persist PRSTS Persists PRSTNC Persistence PRSTNT Persistent PRVD Provide PRVDD Provided PRVDG Providing PRVDS Provides PS Plus PSG Passing PSN Position PSND Positioned PSR Primary surveillance radar PTCHY Patchy PTLY Partly PTNL Potential PTNLY Potentially PTNS Portions PUGET Puget Sound PVA Positive vorticity advection PVL Prevail PVLD Prevailed PVLG Prevailing PVLS Prevails PVLT Prevalent PWB Pilot weather briefing PWR Power
Q
QFE Atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation QN Question AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-11
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) QNH Altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation when on the ground QSTNRY Quasistationary QTR Quarter QUAD Quadrant QUE Quebec
R
R Right (runway identification) or rain (U.S. Weather Radar Reports) RA Rain RADAT Radiosonde additional data RAFC Regional area forecast centre RAG Ragged RAOB Radiosonde observation RCH Reach or reaching RCKY Rocky RCKYS Rockies RCMD Recommend RCMDD Recommended RCMDG Recommending RCMDS Recommends RCRD Record RCRDS Records RDC Reduce RDGG Ridging RDL Radial RDVLP Redevelop RDVLPG Redeveloping RDVLPMT Redevelopment RE… Recent (used to qualify weather phenomena, e.g.
RERA = recent rain) REC Receive or receiver RECON Reconnaissance REF Reference to…or refer to… REP Report or reporting or reporting point RES Reserve REQ Request or requested RESP Response RESTR Restrict RGLR Regular RGN Region RGNS Regions RH Relative humidity RI Rhode Island RITE Right (direction of turn) RIOGD Rio Grande RLBL Reliable RLTV Relative RLTVLY Relatively RMK Remark RMN Remain RMND Remained RMNDR Remainder RMNG Remaining RMNS Remains RNFL Rainfall ROFOR Route forecast (in aeronautical meteorological code) ROT Rotate ROTD Rotated ROTG Rotating ROTS Rotates RPD Rapid RPDLY Rapidly RPLC Replace or replaced RPT Repeat or I repeat (to be used in AFS as a procedure signal) RPTG Repeating RPTS Repeats RQMNTS Requirements RQR Require RQRD Required RQRG Requiring RQRS Requires RRA (or RRB, RRC…etc., in sequence) Delayed meteorological message (message type designator) RSG Rising RSN Reason RSNG Reasoning RSNS Reasons RSTR Restrict RSTRD Restricted RSTRG Restricting RSTRS Restricts RTD Delayed (used to indicate delayed meteorological message; message type designator) AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-12
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) RTE Route RTN Return or returned or returning RTS Return to service RUC Rapid Update Cycle (model) RUF Rough RUFLY Roughly RVR Runway visual range RVS Revise RVSD Revised RVSG Revising RVSS Revises RWY Runway
S
S South or southern latitude SA Sand SAP As soon as possible SARPS Standards and Recommended Practices (ICAO) SASK Saskatchewan SAT Saturday SATFY Satisfactory SB Southbound SBSD Subside SBSDD Subsided SBSDNC Subsidence SBSDS Subsides SC South Carolina or stratocumulus SCND Second SCSL Stratocumulus Standing Lenticular SCT Scattered SD South Dakota SE Southeast SEB Southeast bound SEC Seconds SECT Sector SELY Southeasterly SEP September SEPN Separation SEQ Sequence SER Service or servicing or served SERN Southeastern SEV Severe (used to qualify icing and turbulence reports) SEWD Southeastward SFC Surface SG Snow grains SGFNT Significant SGFNTLY Significantly SH… Showers (followed by RA = rain, SN = snow, PL = ice pellets, GR = hail, GS = small hail and/or snow pellets or combinations thereof, e.g. SHRASN = showers of rain and snow) SHFT Shift SHFTD Shifted SHFTG Shifting SHFTS Shifts SHLD Shield SHLW Shallow SHRT Short SHRTLY Shortly SHRTWV Shortwave SHUD Should SIERNEV Sierra Nevada SIG Signature SIGMET Significant Meteorological Information (Information concerning en-route weather phenomena which may affect the safety of aircraft operations) SIGWX Significant weather SIMUL Simultaneous or simultaneously SKC Sky clear SKED Schedule or scheduled SLD Solid SLGT Slight SLGTLY Slightly SLP Slope SLPG Sloping SLW Slow SLY Southerly SM Statute mile SML Small SMLR Smaller SMRY Summary SMTH Smooth AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-13
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) SMTHR Smoother SMTHST Smoothest SMTM Sometime SMWHT Somewhat SN Snow SNBNK Snow bank SNFLK Snowflake SNGL Single SNOINCR Snow increase SNOINCRG Snow increasing SOP Standard operating procedure SPC Storm Prediction Center SPCLY Especially SPD Speed SPECI Aviation selected special weather Report (in aeronautical meteorological code) SPECIAL Special meteorological report (in abbreviated plain language) SPKL Sprinkle SPLNS Southern Plains SPRD Spread SPRDG Spreading SPRDS Spreads SPRL Spiral SQ Squall SQL Squall line SR Sunrise SRG Short range SRN Southern SRND Surround SRNDD Surrounded SRNDG Surrounding SRNDS Surrounds SRY Secondary SS Sunset or sandstorm SSE South-southeast SSELY South-southeasterly SSERN South-southeastern SSEWD South-southeastward SSW South-southwest SSWLY South-southwesterly SSWRN South-southwestern SSWWD South-southwestward ST Stratus STAGN Stagnation STBL Stable STBLTY Stability STD Standard STDY Steady STFR Stratus Fractus STF Stratiform STG Strong STGLY Strongly STGR Stronger STGST Strongest STM Storm STMS Storms STN Station STNR Stationary STS Status SUB Substitute SUBTRPCL Subtropical SUF Sufficient SUFLY Sufficiently SUG Suggest SUGG Suggesting SUGS Suggests SUN Sunday SUPG Supplying SUPR Superior SUPSD Supersede SUPSDG Superseding SUPSDS Supersedes SVC Service message SVRL Several SW Southwest SWB Southwest bound SWD Southward SWWD Southwestward SWLY Southwesterly SWRN Southwestern SX Stability index SXN Section SYNOP Synoptic SYNS Synopsis SYS System
T
T Temperature TAF Terminal aerodrome forecast TAIL Tail wind TB Turbulence (PIREPs only) TC Tropical Cyclone AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-14
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45F, Change 2 (March 2009) TCNTL Transcontinental TCU Towering cumulus TDA Today TDO Tornado TEMPO Temporary or temporarily TEND Trend forecast THK Thick THKNG Thickening THKNS Thickness THKR Thicker THKST Thickest THN Thin THNG Thinning THNR Thinner THNST Thinnest THR Threshold THRFTR Thereafter THRU Through THRUT Throughout THSD Thousand THTN Threaten THTND Threatened THTNG Threatening THTNS Threatens THU Thursday TIL Until TL… Till (followed by time by which weather change is forecast to end) TMW Tomorrow TN Tennessee TNDCY Tendency TNDCYS Tendencies TNGT Tonight TNTV Tentative TNTVLY Tentatively TO To…(place) TOC Top of climb TOP Cloud top TOPS Tops TOVC Top of overcast TPC Tropical Prediction Center TPG Topping TR Track TRBL Trouble TRIB Tributary TRKG Tracking TRML Terminal TRMT Terminate TRMTD Terminated TRMTG Terminating TRMTS Terminates TRNSP Transport TRNSPG Transporting TROF Trough TROFS Troughs TROP Tropopause TRPCD Tropical continental air mass TRPCL Tropical TRRN Terrain TRSN Transition TS Thunderstorm (in aerodrome reports and forecasts, TS used alone means thunder heard but no precipitation at the aerodrome) TS… Thunderstorm (followed by RA = rain, SN = snow, PL = ice pellets, GR = hail, GS = small hail and/or snow pellets or combinations thereof, e.g. TSRASN = thunderstorm with rain and snow) TSFR Transfer TSFRD Transferred TSFRG Transferring TSFRS Transfers TSNT Transient TUE Tuesday TURB Turbulence TURBT Turbulent TWD Toward TWDS Towards TWI Twilight TWR Aerodrome control tower or aerodrome control TWRG Towering TX Texas TYP Type of aircraft TYPH Typhoon
U
U Upward (tendency in RVR during previous 10 minutes) UA Pilot weather report (U.S.)
UDDF Up- and downdrafts AC 00-45F, CHG 2 Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-15