Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010)
(Line 5) Aviation coordinates for this Tornado Watch are 70 nautical miles east and west of a line from 21 nautical miles east of Sheppard AFB (Wichita Falls), TX to 43 nautical miles south of Wichita, KS.
(Line 6) Hail surface and aloft to 3 inches in diameter, wind gusts to 70 knots, max tops to Flight Level 550, mean storm motion from 260 degrees at 30 knots
Issuance Watch Notification Messages are non-scheduled, event driven products valid from the time of issuance to expiration or cancellation time. Valid times are in UTC. SPC will correct watches for format and grammatical errors.
When tornadoes or severe thunderstorms have developed, the local NWS Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs) will issue the warnings for the storms.
SPC forecasters may define the watch area as a rectangle (some number of miles either side of line from point A to point B) or as a parallelogram (some number of miles north and south or east and west of line from point A to point B). The axis coordinates are measured in statute miles.
The aviation coordinates are measured in nautical miles and referenced to VHF Omni- Directional Range (VOR) navigational aid locations. The watch half-width is in statute miles.
The Aviation Watch Notification Message contains hail size in inches or half inches at the surface and aloft, surface convective wind gusts in knots, maximum tops, and the Mean Storm Motion Vector. Forecasters have discretion in including hail size for tornado watches associated with hurricanes.
Public Severe Thunderstorm Watch Notification Message SPC issues a Public Severe Thunderstorm Watch Notification Message when forecasting six or more hail events of 1 inch (quarter) diameter or greater or damaging winds of 50 knots (58 mph) or greater. The forecast event minimum threshold is at least 2 hours over an area at least 8,000 square miles. Below these thresholds, SPC, in collaboration with affected NWS offices may issue convective watches along coastlines, near the Canadian and Mexican borders, and for any ongoing organized severe convection.
A Public Severe Thunderstorm Watch Notification Message contains the area description and axis, watch expiration time, a description of hail size and thunderstorm wind gusts expected, the definition of the watch, a call to action statement, a list of other valid watches, a brief discussion of meteorological reasoning, and technical information for the aviation community.
SPC includes the term “adjacent coastal waters” when the watch affects coastal waters adjacent to the Pacific/Atlantic coast, Gulf of Mexico, or Great Lakes. Adjacent coastal waters refers to a WFO’s near-shore responsibility (out to 20 miles for oceans), except for convective watches which include portions of the Great Lakes.
SPC issues a watch cancellation message when no counties, parishes, independent cities and/or marine zones remaining are in the watch area prior to the expiration time. The text of the message will specify the number and area of the cancelled watch.
Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-49
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) Format of Public Severe Thunderstorm Watch Notification Message WWUS20 KWNS ddhhmm (ICAO communication header)
URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH NUMBER nnnn
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK time am/pm time zone day mon dd yyyy
THE STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF
PORTION OF STATE
PORTION OF STATE
AND ADJACENT COASTAL WATERS (IF REQUIRED)
EFFECTIVE (TIME PERIOD) UNTIL hhmm am/pm time zone.
...THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION (IF FORECAST)...
HAIL TO X INCHES IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO XX MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.
NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF WATCH AREA USING A LINE AND ANCHOR POINTS. DISTANCES TO EITHER SIDE OF THE LINE WILL BE IN STATUTE MILES.
CALL TO ACTION STATEMENTS OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...OTHER WATCHES IN EFFECT AND IF THIS WATCH REPLACES A PREVIOUS WATCH.
NARRATIVE DISCUSSION OF REASON FOR THE WATCH.
AVIATION...BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERE WEATHER THREAT TO AVIATORS.
HAIL SIZE WILL BE GIVEN IN INCHES AND WIND GUSTS IN KNOTS. MAXIMUM STORM TOPS AND A MEAN STORM VECTOR WILL ALSO BE GIVEN.
$$
..FORECASTER NAME.. MM/DD/YY
Example of a Public Severe Thunderstorm Watch Notification Message WWUS20 KWNS 161711 (ICAO communication header) SPC WW 161710
URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH NUMBER 647 Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-50
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010)
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK 1210 PM CDT FRI JUL 16 2004
THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF
EASTERN IOWA
NORTHERN ILLINOIS
NORTHWEST INDIANA
LAKE MICHIGAN
EFFECTIVE THIS FRIDAY AFTERNOON FROM 1210 PM UNTIL 500 PM CDT.
HAIL TO 2 INCHES IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.
THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH AREA IS ALONG AND 75 STATUTE MILES EITHER SIDE OF A LINE FROM 40 MILES SOUTHEAST OF SOUTH BEND INDIANA TO 35 MILES SOUTHWEST OF CEDAR RAPIDS IOWA.
REMEMBER...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA.
PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING
WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS. SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAN AND OCCASIONALLY DO PRODUCE TORNADOES.
OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 646...
DISCUSSION...THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO INCREASE ACROSS WATCH AREA WHERE AIR MASS HAS BECOME STRONGLY UNSTABLE AND UNCAPPED.
VEERING SHEAR PROFILE SUPPORT STORMS EVOLVING INTO SHORT LINE
SEGMENTS ENHANCING WIND DAMAGE POTENTIAL
AVIATION...A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 2 INCHES. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 500. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 33025.
...HALES
Public Tornado Watch Notification Message SPC issues a Public Tornado Watch Notification Message when forecasting three or more tornadoes or any tornado which could produce F2 or greater damage. The forecast event minimum thresholds are at least 2 hours over an area at least 8,000 square miles. Below these thresholds, SPC, in collaboration with affected NWS offices, may issue convective watches Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-51
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) along coastlines, near the Canadian and Mexican borders and for any ongoing organized severe convection.
A Public Tornado Watch Notification Message contains the area description and axis, watch expiration time, the term “damaging tornadoes”, a description of the largest hail size and strongest thunderstorm wind gusts expected, the definition of the watch, a call to action statement, a list of other valid watches, a brief discussion of meteorological reasoning, and technical information for the aviation community.
SPC includes the term “adjacent coastal waters” when the watch affects coastal waters adjacent to the Pacific/Atlantic coast, Gulf of Mexico, or Great Lakes. Adjacent coastal waters refers to a WFO’s near shore responsibility (out to 20 nautical miles for oceans), except for convective watches which include portions of the Great Lakes.
SPC issues a watch cancellation message whenever it cancels a watch prior to the expiration time. The text of the message will specify the number and area of the cancelled watch.
Format of a Public Tornado Watch Notification Message WWUS20 KWNS ddhhmm (ICAO communication header)
URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED TORNADO WATCH NUMBER nnnn
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK time am/pm time zone day mon dd yyyy
THE STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF
PORTION OF STATE
PORTION OF STATE
AND ADJACENT COASTAL WATERS (IF REQUIRED)
EFFECTIVE (TIME PERIOD) UNTIL hhmm am/pm time zone.
...THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION (IF FORECAST)...
DESTRUCTIVE TORNADOES...HAIL TO X INCHES IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO XX MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.
NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF WATCH AREA USING A LINE AND ANCHOR POINTS.
DISTANCES TO EITHER SIDE OF THE LINE WILL BE IN STATUTE MILES.
CALL TO ACTION STATEMENTS
Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-52
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...OTHER WATCHES IN EFFECT AND IF THIS WATCH REPLACES A PREVIOUS WATCH.
NARRATIVE DISCUSSION OF REASON FOR THE WATCH.
AVIATION...BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERE WEATHER THREAT TO AVIATORS.
HAIL SIZE WILL BE GIVEN IN INCHES AND WIND GUSTS IN KNOTS. MAXIMUM STORM TOPS AND A MEAN STORM VECTOR WILL ALSO BE GIVEN.
$$
..FORECASTER NAME.. MM/DD/YY
Example of a Public Tornado Watch Notification Message WWUS20 KWNS 050550 (ICAO communication header)
URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 243
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1250 AM CDT MON MAY 5 2003
THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF
WESTERN AND CENTRAL ARKANSAS
SOUTHERN MISSOURI
FAR EASTERN OKLAHOMA
EFFECTIVE THIS MONDAY MORNING FROM 1250 AM UNTIL 600 AM CDT.
...THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION...
DESTRUCTIVE TORNADOES...LARGE HAIL TO 2 INCHES IN DIAMETER...
THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.
THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS ALONG AND 100 STATUTE MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 15 MILES WEST NORTHWEST OF FORT LEONARD WOOD MISSOURI TO 45 MILES SOUTHWEST OF HOT SPRINGS ARKANSAS.
REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA.
PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-53
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010)
WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.
OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...THIS TORNADO WATCH REPLACES TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 237. WATCH NUMBER 237 WILL NOT BE IN EFFECT AFTER 1250 AM CDT. CONTINUE...WW 239...WW 240...WW 241...WW 242...
DISCUSSION...SRN MO SQUALL LINE EXPECTED TO CONTINUE EWD...WHERE
LONG/HOOKED HODOGRAPHS SUGGEST THREAT FOR EMBEDDED SUPERCELLS/POSSIBLE TORNADOES. FARTHER S...MORE WIDELY SCATTERED
SUPERCELLS WITH A THREAT FOR TORNADOES WILL PERSIST IN VERY STRONGLY DEEP SHEARED/LCL ENVIRONMENT IN AR.
AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 2 INCHES. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 500. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 26045.
...CORFIDI Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-54
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) Products for Tropical Cyclones The NWS issues SIGMETs, Convective SIGMETs and CWAs to inform the aviation community about the potential or existence of tropical cyclones and the adverse conditions associated with them. These above listed products are the primary source of information. The NWS also issues other products pertaining to Tropical Cyclones. These additional products are defined in this section.
Aviation Tropical Cyclone Advisory (TCA) The Aviation Tropical Cyclone Advisory (TCA) is intended to provide short-term tropical cyclone forecast guidance for international aviation safety and routing purposes. It is prepared by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) in Honolulu, Hawaii, for all on-going tropical cyclone activity in their respective areas of responsibility. This requirement is stated in the World Meteorological Organization Region IV hurricane plan. Any valid TCA in the Atlantic or eastern Pacific is available on the NHC Web site. Any valid TCA for the central Pacific is available on the CPHC Web site.
Issuance TCAs are issued at 0300, 0900, 1500, and 2100 UTC and are valid from the time of issuance until the next scheduled issuance or update.
Content TCAs list the current tropical cyclone position, motion and intensity, and 12-, 18- and 24-hour forecast positions and intensities. It is an alphanumeric text product produced by hurricane forecasters and consists of information extracted from the official forecasts. This forecast is produced from subjective evaluation of current meteorological and oceanographic data as well as output from numerical weather prediction models, and is coordinated with affected NWS offices, the NWS National Centers, and the Department of Defense.
Format The format of the Aviation Tropical Cyclone Advisory is as follows:
FKaa2i cccc ddhhmm (ICAO communication header)
(TROPICAL CYCLONE TYPE) (NAME)ICAO ADVISORY NUMBER ## (ISSUING OFFICE CITY STATE) BBCCYYYY time UTC day of week mon dd yyyy
TEXT $$
NOTE: As part of the header, a coded string is appended at the end of the “ISSUING OFFICE CITY STATE” line. (Example: NWS TPC/NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL
BBCCYYY)
Where: (BB) is the basin AL – North Atlantic, EP – East Pacific, or CP – Central Pacific Where: (CC) is the cyclone number (01, 02, 03,…49) Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-55
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) Where: (YYYY) is the 4 digit year.
Aviation Tropical Cyclone Advisory (TCA) Example
FKNT25 KNHC 210900 TCANT5
TROPICAL STORM ICAO ADVISORY NUMBER 27 NWS TPC/NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL AL092007 0900 UTC SUN OCT 21 2007
TC ADVISORY DTG: 20071021/0900Z TCAC: KNHC TC: ERNESTO NR: 027 PSN: N3000 W08012 MOV: N 13KT C: 0998HPA MAX WIND: 045KT FCST PSN + 06 HR: 211200 N3106 W07951 FCST MAX WIND + 06 HR: 045KT FCST PSN + 12 HR: 211800 N3206 W07930 FCST MAX WIND + 12 HR: 050KT FCST PSN + 18 HR: 220000 N3321 W07903 FCST MAX WIND + 18 HR: 045KT FCST PSN + 24 HR: 220600 N3436 W07836 FCST MAX WIND + 24 HR: 040KT NXT MSG: 20071021/1500Z
$$
Tropical Cyclone Public Advisory (TCP) A Tropical Cyclone Public Advisory (TCP) is the primary tropical cyclone information product issued to the public. The TCP provides critical tropical cyclone watch, warning, and forecast information for the protection of life and property.
TCP Responsibility The National Hurricane Center (NHC), as a part of the Tropical Prediction Center (TPC); the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC); and Weather Forecast Office (WFO) Tiyan, Guam, issue TCPs. In the Atlantic and central Pacific, NHC and CPHC issue TCPs for all tropical cyclones respectively. In the eastern Pacific, NHC will issue public advisories when watches or warnings are required, or the tropical cyclone is otherwise expected to impact nearby land areas.
Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-56
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) In the western Pacific, WFO Guam will issue public advisories generally based on the tropical cyclone bulletins of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) for all tropical cyclones expected to affect land within 48 hours.
Valid TCP in the Atlantic or eastern Pacific is available on the NHC Web site.
Valid TCP for the central Pacific is available on the CPHC Web site.
TCPs issued by WFO Guam for the western Pacific are available online.
TCP Issuance The initial advisory may be issued when data confirm a tropical cyclone has developed. The title of the advisory will depend upon the intensity of the tropical cyclone as listed below.
• A tropical depression advisory refers to a tropical cyclone with 1-minute sustained winds up to 33 knots (38 mph).
• A tropical storm advisory will refer to tropical cyclones with 1-minute sustained surface winds 34 to 63 knots (39 to 73 mph).
• A hurricane/typhoon advisory will refer to tropical cyclones with winds 64 knots (74 mph) or greater.
Public advisories are discontinued when the tropical cyclone:
• Ceases to be a tropical cyclone; that is, it becomes extratropical, a remnant low, or dissipates, or
• Is centered over land, is below tropical storm strength, and is not forecast to move back over water as a tropical cyclone, and no coastal tropical cyclone watches or warnings are in effect.
• For Guam when the tropical cyclone moves out of the WFO area of responsibility.
Tropical Cyclone Public Advisories are issued according to the schedule below and are valid from the time of issuance until the next scheduled issuance or update. Valid position times correspond to the advisory time.
Table 6-11. Tropical Cyclone Public Advisory Issuance Schedule
TPC/CPHC
ISSUANCE TIME (UTC)
WFO GUAM
ISSUANCE TIME (UTC) 0300 0400 0900 1000 1500 1600 2100 2200
Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-57
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) Times in advisories are local time of the affected area; however, local time and UTC are used when noting the storm’s location. All advisories use statute miles and statute miles per hour. The Tropical Cyclone Center (TPC and CPHC) and WFO Guam, at their discretion, may use nautical miles/knots in parentheses immediately following statute miles/mph. Advisories include the metric units of kilometers and kilometers per hour following the equivalent English units except when the United States is the only country threatened.
NHC, CPHC and WFO Guam issue tropical storm/hurricane/typhoon watches if tropical storm/hurricane/typhoon conditions are possible over land areas within 36 hours, except 48 hours in the western north Pacific. Tropical storm watches are not issued if the tropical cyclone is forecast to reach hurricane/typhoon intensity within the watch period.
Tropical storm/hurricane/typhoon warnings are issued when tropical storm/hurricane/typhoon conditions along the coast are expected within 24 hours. Tropical storm warnings are issued at the discretion of the hurricane specialist when gale warnings, not related to the pending tropical storm, are already in place. Tropical storm warnings may be issued on either side of a hurricane/typhoon warning area.
TCP Intermediate Issuances Intermediate Public Advisories are issued on a 2- to 3-hourly interval between scheduled advisories (see times of issuance below). 3- hourly intermediate advisories are issued whenever a tropical storm or hurricane watch/warning is in effect. 2- hourly intermediates are issued whenever tropical storm or hurricane warnings are in effect and coastal radars are able to provide responsible Tropical Cyclone Centers with a reliable hourly center position. For clarity, when intermediate public advisories are issued, a statement is included at the end of the scheduled public advisory informing users when an intermediate advisory may be issued, i.e., “AN
INTERMEDIATE ADVISORY WILL BE ISSUED BY THE CENTRAL PACIFIC HURRICANE CENTER AT 2 PM HST FOLLOWED BY THE NEXT COMPLETE ADVISORY ISSUANCE AT 5 PM HST.”
Table 6-12. Intermediate Tropical Cyclone Public Advisory Issuance Schedule
TPC/CPHC
ISSUANCE TIME (UTC)
WFO GUAM
ISSUANCE TIME (UTC) 3-Hourly Issuances 0000 0100 0600 0700 1200 1300 1800 1900 2-Hourly Issuances 2300 0000 0100 0200 0500 0600 0700 0800 1100 1200 1300 1400 1700 1800 1900 2000
Intermediate advisories are not used to issue tropical cyclone watches or warnings. They can be used to clear all, or parts of, a watch or warning area. Content is similar to the scheduled advisory.
Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-58
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010)
TCP Content Advisories list all tropical cyclone watches and warnings in effect. The first advisory in which watches or warnings are mentioned will give the effective time of the watch or warning, except when it is being issued by other countries and the time is not known. Except for tropical storms and hurricanes/typhoons forming close to land, a watch will precede a warning. Once a watch is in effect, it will either be replaced by a warning or remain in effect until the threat of the tropical cyclone conditions has passed. A hurricane/typhoon watch and a tropical storm warning can be in effect for the same section of coast at the same time.
All advisories include the location of the center of the tropical cyclone by its latitude and longitude, and distance and direction from a well known point, preferably downstream from the tropical cyclone. If the forecaster is unsure of the exact location of a depression, the position may be given as within 50, 75, etc., miles of a map coordinate. When the center of the tropical cyclone is over land, its position is given referencing the state or country in which it is located and in respect to some well known city, if appropriate.
Movement forecasts apply to the tropical cyclone's center. The present movement is given to 16 points of the compass when possible. A 24-hour forecast of movement in terms of a continuance or departure from the present movement and speed is also included. This can be reduced to a 12- hour forecast. Uncertainties in either the tropical cyclone's location or movement will be explained in the advisory. An outlook beyond 24 hours (out to 72 hours when appropriate) may be included in the text of the advisory.
Maximum observed 1-minute sustained surface wind speed rounded to the nearest 5 mph is given. During landfall threats, specific gust values and phrases like “briefly higher in squalls” may be used. The area (or radius) of both tropical and hurricane/typhoon force winds is given. The storm may also be compared to some memorable hurricane or referred to by relative intensity.
Where appropriate, the Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale (SSHS) is used in public releases.
Central pressure values in millibars and inches are provided as determined by available data.
The inland impacts of tropical cyclones will be highlighted in advisories. This includes the threat of strong winds, heavy rainfall, flooding, and tornadoes. The extent and magnitude of the inland winds is included as well as anticipated rainfall amounts and the potential for flooding and tornadoes. Tornado and flood watches will be mentioned as appropriate.
TCP Format The format of the Tropical Cyclone Public Advisory is as follows:
WTaaii cccc ddhhmm TCPxxx
BULLETIN (TROPICAL CYCLONE TYPE) (NAME) ADVISORY NUMBER XX.
(ISSUING OFFICE CITY STATE) BBCCYYYY time am/pm time zone day month dd YYYY Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-59
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G Change 1 (July 2010) ...HEADLINE...
TEXT $$
FORECASTER NAME
NOTE: As part of the header, a coded string is appended at the end of the “ISSUING OFFICE CITY STATE” line (Example: NWS TPC/NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI
FL BBCCYYYY)
Format:
where: (BB) is the basin AL - North Atlantic, EP - East Pacific, CP - Central Pacific WP – western Pacific where: (CC) is the cyclone number (01, 02, 03,...49) where: (YYYY) is the 4 digit year.
Tropical Storm Public Advisory (TCP) Example
WTNT34 KNHC 260359 MIATCPAT4 BULLETIN TROPICAL STORM DEBBY ADVISORY NUMBER 18 NWS TPC/NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL AL042006 1100 PM AST FRI AUG 25 2006
...DEBBY BARELY HANGING ON AS A TROPICAL STORM...
AT 1100 PM AST...0300Z...THE CENTER OF TROPICAL STORM DEBBY WAS LOCATED NEAR LATITUDE 25.2 NORTH...LONGITUDE 45.6 WEST OR ABOUT 1400 MILES...2255 KM...SOUTHWEST OF THE AZORES.
DEBBY IS MOVING TOWARD THE WEST-NORTHWEST NEAR 14 MPH...22 KM/HR...
AND A TURN TO THE NORTHWEST AND THEN NORTH-NORTHWEST IS EXPECTED OVER THE NEXT 24 HOURS.
MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WINDS ARE NEAR 40 MPH...65 KM/HR...WITH HIGHER GUSTS. LITTLE CHANGE IN STRENGTH IS FORECAST DURING THE NEXT 24 HOURS.
TROPICAL STORM FORCE WINDS EXTEND OUTWARD UP TO 105 MILES...165 KM FROM THE CENTER.
ESTIMATED MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE IS 1008 MB...29.77 INCHES.
Section 6: Products for Aviation Hazards Page 6-60