Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Contraction or Acronym Subject Defined STGR Stronger STGST Strongest STM Storm STMS Storms STN Station STNR Stationary STS Status SUB Substitute SUBTRPCL Subtropical SUF Sufficient SUFLY Sufficiently SUG Suggest SUGG Suggesting SUGS Suggests SUN Sunday SUPG Supplying SUPR Superior SUPSD Supersede SUPSDG Superseding SUPSDS Supersedes SVC Service message SVRL Several SW Southwest SWB Southwest bound SWD Southward SWWD Southwestward SWLY Southwesterly SWRN Southwestern SX Stability index SXN Section SYNOP Synoptic SYNS Synopsis SYS System T T Temperature TAF Terminal aerodrome forecast TAIL Tail wind TB Turbulence (PIREPs only) TC Tropical Cyclone TCNTL Transcontinental Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-30
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Contraction or Acronym Subject Defined TCU Towering cumulus TDA Today TDO Tornado TEMPO Temporary or temporarily TEND Trend forecast THK Thick THKNG Thickening THKNS Thickness THKR Thicker THKST Thickest THN Thin THNG Thinning THNR Thinner THNST Thinnest THR Threshold THRFTR Thereafter THRU Through THRUT Throughout THSD Thousand THTN Threaten THTND Threatened THTNG Threatening THTNS Threatens THU Thursday TIL Until TL… Till (followed by time by which weather change is forecast to end) TMW Tomorrow TN Tennessee TNDCY Tendency TNDCYS Tendencies TNGT Tonight TNTV Tentative TNTVLY Tentatively TO To…(place) TOC Top of climb TOP Cloud top TOPS Tops TOVC Top of overcast TPC Tropical Prediction Center TPG Topping Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-31
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Contraction or Acronym Subject Defined TR Track TRBL Trouble TRIB Tributary TRKG Tracking TRML Terminal TRMT Terminate TRMTD Terminated TRMTG Terminating TRMTS Terminates TRNSP Transport TRNSPG Transporting TROF Trough TROFS Troughs TROP Tropopause TRPCD Tropical continental air mass TRPCL Tropical TRRN Terrain TRSN Transition TS Thunderstorm (in aerodrome reports and forecasts, TS used alone means thunder heard but no precipitation at the aerodrome) TS… Thunderstorm (followed by RA = rain, SN = snow, PL = ice pellets, GR = hail, GS = small hail and/or snow pellets or combinations thereof, e.g. TSRASN = thunderstorm with rain and snow) TSFR Transfer TSFRD Transferred TSFRG Transferring TSFRS Transfers TSNT Transient TUE Tuesday TURB Turbulence TURBT Turbulent TWD Toward TWDS Towards TWI Twilight TWR Aerodrome control tower or aerodrome control TWRG Towering TX Texas TYP Type of aircraft TYPH Typhoon U Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-32
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Contraction or Acronym Subject Defined U Upward (tendency in RVR during previous 10 minutes) UA Pilot weather report (U.S.)
UDDF Up- and downdrafts UFN Until further notice UNA Unable UNAVBL Unavailable UNEC Unnecessary UNKN Unknown UNL Unlimited UNREL Unreliable UNRSTD Unrestricted UNSATFY Unsatisfactory UNSBL Unseasonable UNSTBL Unstable UNSTDY Unsteady UNSTL Unsettle UNSTLD Unsettled UNUSBL Unusable UPDFTS Updrafts UPR Upper UPSLP Upslope UPSTRM Upstream URG Urgent USBL Usable UT Utah UTC Coordinated Universal Time UVV Upward vertical velocity UWNDS Upper winds V VA Virginia or volcanic ash VAAC Volcanic Ash Advisory Center VAAS Volcanic Ash Advisory Statement VAL In valleys VARN Variation VC Vicinity of the aerodrome (followed by FG = fog, FC = funnel cloud, SH = showers, PO = dust/sand whirls, BLDU = blowing dust, BLSA = blowing sand or BLSN = blowing snow,
e.g. VC FG = vicinity fog) VCOT VFR conditions on top VCTR Vector Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-33
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Contraction or Acronym Subject Defined VCY Vicinity VER Vertical VFR Visual flight rules VFY Verify VFYD Verified VFYG Verifying VFYS Verifies VIS Visibility VLCTY Velocity VLCTYS Velocities VLNT Violent VLNTLY Violently VLY Valley VMC Visual meteorological conditions VOL Volume VOLMT Meteorological information for aircraft in flight VORT Vorticity VR Veer VRB Variable VRG Veering VRISL Vancouver Island, BC VRS Veers VRT Vertical motion VRY Very VT Vermont VV Vertical velocity W W West or western longitude WA Washington WAA Warm air advection WAFC World area forecast centre WAFS Word area forecast system WB Westbound WDI Wind direction indicator WDLY Widely WDSPR Widespread WED Wednesday WEF With effect from or effective from WFO Weather Forecast Office WFP Warm front passage Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-34
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Contraction or Acronym Subject Defined WI Wisconsin or within WIBIS Will be issued WID Width WIE With immediate effect or effective immediately WINT Winter WINTEM Forecast upper wind and temperature for aviation WK Weak WKDAY Weekday WKEND Weekend WKN Weaken or weakening WL Will WLY Westerly WND Wind WNDS Winds WNW West-northwest WNWLY West-northwesterly WNWRN West-northwestern WNWWD West-northwestward WO Without WPLTO Western Plateau WRM Warm WRMG Warming WRN Western WRMR Warmer WRMST Warmest WRMFNT Warm front WRMFNTL Warm frontal WRNG Warning WRS Worse WS Wind shear WSPD Wind speed WSHFT Wind shift WSTCH Wasatch Range WSW West-southwest WSWLY West-southwesterly WSWRN West-southwestern WSWWD West-southwestward WTR Water WTSPT Waterspout WUD Would Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-35
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Contraction or Acronym Subject Defined WV West Virginia WVS Waves WW Watch notification message WWD Westward WWW World wide web WX Weather WY Wyoming X X Cross XCP Except XNG Crossing XPC Expect XPCD Expected XPCG Expecting XPCS Expects XPLOS Explosive XS Atmospherics XTND Extend XTNDD Extended XTNDG Extending XTRM Extreme XTRMLY Extremely Y YDA Yesterday YKN Yukon YLSTN Yellowstone Z Z Coordinated Universal Time (in meteorological messages) ZN Zone ZNS Zones
Appendix B: Contractions and Acronyms Page 11-36
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) APPENDIX C: STANDARD CONVERSION CHART Speed - Distance Temperature Pressure - Altitude Altimeter Setting М/Н KTS КМ/Н OF °C INS. MBS./PAs.
1007 120 50 INS. MBS./hPas. 100'S FT* 28.5 965 110 -180 12 400 230 970 -170 • 110 220 90 40 13 210 100 160 100 14 - 200 190 980 80 150 90 15 500 180 29.0 90 30 170 -140 80 16 T 160 990 80 70 -130 17 - 150
•120 70 20 18 600 - 140 130 29.5 - 1000 60 70 -110 19 120 -100 50 10 20 110 • 1010 60 700 - 100 50 90 40 21 90 30.0 22 50 80 30 80 - 1020 40 23 70 70 20 800 40 GO - 10 24 60 - 1030 30 10 25 50 30.5 30 50 26 40
- 1040
• 20 40 -20 27 900 30 20 -10
•30 28 - 20 -20 31.0 - 1050 10 20 -30 29 10 10 1000 10 -30 30
- 10Б0
• -40 -40 31 - 1050 --10 M/Н KTS KM/H ° C INS. MBS./hPas. 100°S 31.5 - 1065 * Standard Atmosphere FT* INS. MBS./hPas.
Figure C-1. Standard Conversion Chart Appendix C: Standard Conversion Chart Page 12-2
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) PPENDIX D: DENSITY ALTITUDE CALCULATION To determine density altitude:
1. Set the aircraft's altimeter to 29.92 inches of Mercury. The altimeter will indicate pressure altitude.
2. Read the outside air temperature.
3. Mark the intersection of pressure altitude (horizontal) and temperature (vertical) lines on the chart.
4. Read the density altitude from the diagonal lines.
20,000 - + + +
STANDARD ATMOSPHERE + + + + + + + + 15,000 - DENSITY ALTITUDE + 15,000 10,000 + 10,000 5,000 5,000 + + + + + + - 5,000 + → ZERO + + + -5,000 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 Temperature °C 0°C 10 20 30 40 50 50 -40 -20 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature °F Figure D-1. Density Altitude Computation Chart Appendix D: Density Altitude Calculation Page 13-1
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) APPENDIX E: INTERNET LINKS
Table E-1. Selected National Weather Service (NWS) Links NWS Web Site Links National Weather Service (NWS)) Aviation Digital Data Service (ADDS) Aviation Weather Center (AWC) Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (HPC) Storm Prediction Center (SPC) Tropical Prediction Center (TPC) Alaska Aviation Weather Unit (AAWU) Center Weather Service Units (CWSU) Weather Forecast Offices (WFO) Weather Forecast Office (WFO) Honolulu, HI – Aviation Products Telecommunication Operations Center - NWS Fax Charts NWS Office at the FAA Academy Table E-2. Selected Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Links FAA Web Site Links Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC) Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS)
Appendix E: Internet Links Page 14-1
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Table E-3. Selected Links to Aviation Weather Products Aviation Weather Products Web Site Links Average Surface to 500 MB Relative Humidity Chart Collaborative Convective Weather Forecast (CFP) Constant Pressure Charts Convective Outlooks Current Icing Product (CIP) Center Weather Advisory (CWA) Area Forecast (FA) Significant Meteorological Advisory (SIGMET) – US (CONUS) Significant Meteorological Advisory (SIGMET) – International Airmen’s Meteorological Advisory (AIRMET) Forecast Icing Potential (FIP) Freezing Level Graphics High Level SIGWX Charts Lifted Index (LI) Analysis Chart Low Level SIGWX Charts Mid Level SIGWX Chart Meteorological Impact Statement (MIS) National Convective Weather Forecast (NCWF)1, 2 Pilot Weather Report Radar Summary Chart Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) / Aviation Selected Special Weather Report (SPECI) Surface Analysis Charts, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Short Range Surface Prog Charts Strike Probabilities of Tropical Cyclone Conditions (SPF) Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) Aviation Tropical Cyclone Advisory (TCA) Tropical Cyclone Public Advisory (TCP) Volcanic Ash Advisory Statement (VAAS) Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport and Dispersion (VAFTAD) Chart Watch Notification Messages Weather Depiction Chart Appendix E: Internet Links Page 14-2
Aviation Weather Services, Advisory Circular 00-45G, Change 1 (July 2010) Aviation Weather Products Web Site Links Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast Graphics Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecasts (FB) Text
Appendix E: Internet Links Page 14-3