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5. Maintenance records; and
6. Return to service.
2.13.3.5 SCAF Training Elements (as applicable):
1. TRC: Determining TRC, loading procedures, and restraint methods;
2. Frangible/compressible cargo: Determining frangible/compressible cargo requirements, usage, and procedures, and providing training instructions;
3. Procedures for transporting special cargo;
4. Proficiency with the applicable content of DAH/STC WBMs; and
5. DAH manuals.
2.13.3.6 Loading/Unloading Training. All operator and vendor personnel involved in cargo loading and unloading should receive training appropriate to their function. This includes personnel whose cargo handling functions include ground transportation of cargo, movement of cargo onto or off of an aircraft, or movement/securing of cargo aboard the aircraft with appropriate devices and equipment. Elements of loading/unloading training may include, if applicable:
1. Sill guards;
2. Tail posts;
3. Tail stands;
4. Tail tipping avoidance;
5. Aircraft doors, nets, and smoke barriers;
6. Aircraft floor and ULD base load limits;
7. Aircraft weight limits;
8. Aircraft CG range limits;
9. Cargo access aisle;
10. Aircraft damage avoidance;
11. Damage notification;
12. C argo clearance;
13. CLS;
14. Bulk-loaded cargo;
15. Cargo requiring special handling;
16. Shoring usage;
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17. Blocking and bracing;
18. HAZMAT;
19. Frangible cargo; and
20. Material handling equipment.
2.13.3.7 Supervising Cargo Loading.
2.13.3.7.1 Responsibilities. The operator should ensure that the person supervising the loading of the aircraft and preparing the load manifest is responsible for the preparation and accuracy of the load manifest before each takeoff (per § 121.665).
2.13.3.7.2 Elements of Cargo Loading Supervision Training. Load supervision candidates should be trained in the elements listed in paragraphs 2.13.3.1,
2.13.3.2, 2.13.3.3, 2.13.3.4, 2.13.3.5, and 2.13.3.6; as well as the below topics, when applicable:
1. Interlining;
2. Aircraft cargo handling;
3. Cargo loading documentation;
4. Load planning;
5. COMAT; and
6. Familiarity with the accepted operator’s W&B control program or operator’s manuals, including the necessary DAH/STC WBMs.
2.13.4 Accident/Incident Reporting. An operator should have procedures to ensure it trains its personnel in accident/incident reporting procedures.
2.13.5 Providing Air Cargo Information to Flightcrew Members. An operator should inform the flightcrew of the following, when applicable:
1. Procedures used to ensure the aircraft weight is correct;
2. Procedures to report unserviceable ULDs;
3. Loading and weight limitations for removing or deferring cargo restraint components;
4. Proper load configurations when using nets, straps, or containers; and
5. Requirements when loading and restraining special cargo.
2.13.6 Use of Vendors to Provide Training. An operator may designate a person employed by a vendor, such as an aircraft company, ground handling company, or a freight forwarder authorized to train that company’s employees. The operator should have procedures to accept the program.
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2.13.7 Evaluation of Training. An operator’s closed-loop system, which monitors the elements of surveillance, analysis, corrective action, and followup, should include an evaluation of the operator’s cargo training program. The operator also may use an internal evaluation program to review its training program. The operator should ensure it has procedures to periodically review the training program and make changes as necessary.
2.13.8 Training Record Contents. At a minimum, an operator’s training records, in accordance with the operator’s training program, should contain:
• The name of the person trained;
• The initial training date and most recent recurrent training date;
• A description, copy, or the location of training material used, if available;
• The name and location of the person who provided the training; and
• A record that the person was tested and successfully completed training.
3-1 CHAPTER 3. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
3.1 How to Obtain Copies of Publications.
3.1.1 The current edition of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is available at https://www.ecfr.gov.
3.1.2 Current editions of advisory circulars are available on the FAA website at https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/ and on the Dynamic Regulatory System (DRS) at https://drs.faa.gov.
3.2 AC Feedback Form. For your convenience, the AC Feedback Form is the last page of this AC. Note any deficiencies found, clarifications needed, or suggested improvements regarding the contents of this AC on the Feedback Form.
Appendix A A-1 APPENDIX A. RELATED REGULATIONS A.1 Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR).
A.1.1 Part 5, Safety Management Systems. Section 5.53, System Analysis and Hazard Identification.
A.1.2 Part 21, Certification Procedures for Products and Articles.
1. Section 21.9, Replacement and Modification Articles.
2. Section 21.21, Issue of Type Certificate: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, Commuter, and Transport Category Aircraft; Manned Free Balloons; Special Classes of Aircraft; Aircraft Engines; Propellers.
3. Section 21.101, Designation of Applicable Regulations.
4. Section 21.303, Application.
5. Subpart E, Supplemental Type Certificates.
6. Subpart K, Parts Manufacturer Approvals.
7. Subpart O, Technical Standard Order Approvals.
A.1.3 Part 23, Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Airplanes. Section 23.2620, Airplane Flight Manual.
A.1.4 Part 25, Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes.
1. Section 25.23, Load Distribution Limits.
2. Section 25.301, Loads.
3. Section 25.787, Stowage Compartments.
4. Section 25.851, Fire Extinguishers.
5. Section 25.853, Compartment Interiors.
6. Section 25.855, Cargo or Baggage Compartments.
7. Section 25.857, Cargo Compartment Classification.
8. Section 25.858, Cargo or Baggage Compartment Smoke or Fire Detection Systems.
9. Section 25.1301, Function and Installation.
10. Section 25.1309, Equipment, Systems, and Installations.
11. Section 25.1519, Weight, Center of Gravity, and Weight Distribution.
12. Section 25.1529, Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.
13. Section 25.1581, General.
14. Section 25.1583, Operating Limitations.
Appendix A A-2
15. Section 25.1583(c), Weight and Loading Distribution.
16. Section 25.1721, Protection of EWIS.
17. Appendix F.
18. Appendix H, Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.
A.1.5 Part 43, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alteration.
1. Section 43.5, Approval for Return to Service After Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, or Alteration.
2. Section 43.13, Performance Rules (General).
A.1.6 Part 45, Identification and Registration Marking. Section 45.15, Marking Requirements for PMA Articles, TSO Articles, and Critical Parts.
A.1.7 Part 119, Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators.
1. Section 119.49, Contents of Operations Specifications.
2. Section 119.55, Obtaining Deviation Authority to Perform Operations Under a U.S. Military Contract.
A.1.8 Part 121, Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations.
1. Section 121.135, Manual Contents.
2. Section 121.153, Aircraft Requirements: General.
3. Section 121.363, Responsibility for Airworthiness.
4. Section 121.367, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations Programs.
5. Section 121.369, Manual Requirements.
6. Section 121.373, Continuing Analysis and Surveillance.
7. Section 121.375, Maintenance and Preventive Maintenance Training Program.
8. Section 121.379, Authority to Perform and Approve Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations.
9. Section 121.380, Maintenance Recording Requirements.
10. Section 121.400, Applicability and Terms Used.
11. Section 121.419, Pilots and Flight Engineers: Initial, Transition, and Upgrade Ground Training.
12. Section 121.422, Aircraft Dispatchers: Initial and Transition Ground Training.
13. Section 121.628, Inoperable Instruments and Equipment.
14. Section 121.665, Load Manifest.
Appendix A A-3
15. Section 121.693, Load Manifest: All Certificate Holders.
16. Section 121.695, Disposition of Load Manifest, Dispatch Release, and Flight Plans: Domestic and Flag Operations.
17. Section 121.697, Disposition of Load Manifest, Flight Release, and Flight Plans: Supplemental Operations.
18. Subpart G, Manual Requirements.
19. Subpart Z, Hazardous Materials Training Program.
20. Appendix O, Hazardous Materials Training Requirements for Certificate Holders.
A.1.9 Part 135, Operating Requirements: Commuter and On Demand Operations and Rules Governing Persons On Board Such Aircraft.
1. Section 135.21, Manual Requirements.
2. Section 135.23, Manual Contents.
3. Section 135.179, Inoperable Instruments and Equipment.
4. Section 135.413, Responsibility for Airworthiness.
5. Section 135.425, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alteration Programs.
6. Section 135.437, Authority to Perform and Approve Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations.
7. Section 135.439, Maintenance Recording Requirements.
8. Section 135.443, Airworthiness Release or Aircraft Maintenance Log Entry.
A.1.10 Part 145, Repair Stations.
A.1.11 Part 235, Reports by Air Carriers on Incidents Involving Animals During Air Transport.
Section 235.3, Reports by Air Carriers on Incidents Involving Animals During Air Transport.
A.1.12 Part 382, Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in Air Travel. Section 382.55, May Carriers Impose Security Screening Procedures for Passengers With Disabilities That Go Beyond TSA Requirements or Those of Foreign Governments?
A.2 Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR), Transportation. Subtitle B, Other Regulations Relating to Transportation; Chapter I, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Department of Transportation; Subchapter C, Hazardous Materials Regulations, as applicable.
Appendix A A-4 A.3 Related International Regulations:
1. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Doc 9284, Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air.
2. ICAO Doc 9859, Safety Management Manual (SMM).
Appendix B B-1 APPENDIX B. GUIDANCE MATERIAL B.1 Advisory Circulars (AC) (current editions):
1. AC 00-58, Voluntary Disclosure Reporting Program.
2. AC 20-62, Eligibility, Quality, and Identification of Aeronautical Replacement Parts.
3. AC 21-43, Production Under 14 CFR Part 21, Subparts F, G, K, and O.
4. AC 25-9, Smoke Detection, Penetration, and Evacuation Tests and Related Flight Manual Emergency Procedures.
5. AC 25-18, Transport Category Airplanes Modified for Cargo Service.
6. AC 25-22, Certification of Transport Airplane Mechanical Systems.
7. AC 91.21-1, Use of Portable Electronic Devices Aboard Aircraft.
8. AC 120-16, Air Carrier Maintenance Programs.
9. AC 120-27, Aircraft Weight and Balance Control.
10. AC 120-59, Internal Evaluation Programs.
11. AC 120-79, Developing and Implementing an Air Carrier Continuing Analysis and Surveillance System.
12. AC 120-80, In-Flight Fires.
13. AC 120-92, Safety Management Systems for Aviation Service Providers.
14. AC 120-121, Safety Risk Management Involving Items in Aircraft Cargo Compartments.
15. AC 145-9, Guide for Developing and Evaluating Repair Station and Quality Control Manuals.
B.2 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Orders, Forms, Bulletins, and Technical Standard Orders (TSO) (current editions):
1. FAA Order 8110.4, Type Certification.
2. FAA Order 8110.48, How to Establish the Certification Basis for Changed Aeronautical Products.
3. FAA Order 8120.22, Production Approval Procedures.
4. FAA Order 8150.4, Certification of Cargo Containers with Self-Contained Temperature Control Systems (Active ULDs).
5. FAA Form 337, Major Repair and Alteration (Airframe, Powerplant, Propeller, or Appliance).
6. FAA Form 8100-9, Statement of Compliance with Airworthiness Standards.
7. FAA Form 8110-3, Statement of Compliance with Airworthiness Standards.
Appendix B B-2
8. FAA Form 8130-3, Authorized Release Certificate, Airworthiness Approval Tag.
9. TSO-C90, Cargo Pallets, Nets and Containers (Unit Load Devices).
10. TSO-C172, Cargo Restraint Strap Assemblies.
11. TSO-C202, Cargo Stopper Devices.
B.3 Cargo AC Development Information:
1. Air Cargo System Implementation Plan, March 2003.
2. Cargo Strategic Action Plan, April 2002.
3. Civil Reserve Air Fleet Aircraft Procedures for the U.S. Military, FM 55-9.
B.4 Industry Information (current editions):
B.4.1 International Air Transport Association (IATA). Any IATA procedures used must not conflict with FAA regulatory requirements or aircraft limitations. The following documents are available at https://www.iata.org/en/publications/:
1. IATA ULD Regulations (ULDR).
2. IATA Airport Handling Manual (AHM).
3. IATA Ground Operations Manual (IGOM).
4. IATA Perishable Cargo Regulations (PCR).
5. IATA Live Animals Regulations (LAR).
6. IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR).
7. IATA Temperature Control Regulations (TCR).
8. IATA Lithium Battery Shipping Guidelines (LBSG).
B.4.2 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Standard ISO 4118, Air Cargo—Non-Certified Lower Deck Containers—Design and Testing, and other pertinent international standards. This standard is available at https://www.iso.org/home.h tml.
B.4.3 National Aerospace Standard (NAS) 3610, Cargo Unit Load Devices—Specification For.
B.4.4 SAE Aerospace Standards (AS). These standards are available at https://www.sae.org/standards/.
1. AS1130, Air and Air/Surface (Platform) Cargo Pallets.
2. AS1131, Air and Air/Surface (Platform) Cargo Pallet Nets.
3. AS1491, Interline Air Cargo Pallets.
4. AS1492, Interline Air Cargo Pallet Nets.
Appendix B B-3
5. AS1677, General Requirements for Noncertified Cargo/Baggage Containers.
6. AS4041, Air Mode General Purpose Containers.
7. AS5385, Cargo Restraint Straps—Design Criteria and Testing Methods.
8. AS5896, Certified Containers for Lower Deck Compartments.
9. AS36100, Air Cargo Unit Load Devices—Performance Requirements and Test Parameters.
10. AS36101, Air Cargo Unit Load Devices—Load Distribution Model.
B.4.5 SAE Aerospace Recommended Practices (ARP). These documents are available at https://www.sae.org/standards/.
1. ARP1334, Ground Equipment Requirements for Compatibility with Aircraft Unit Load Devices.
2. ARP1554, Vehicle Transport Unit Load Device (ULD).
3. ARP1621, ULD for Aircraft Transportation of Horses.
4. ARP1840, Aircraft Engine Transport Devices.
5. ARP5486, Air Cargo Pallets—Utilization Guidelines.
6. ARP5595, Cargo Restraint Straps—Utilization Guidelines.
7. ARP5596, Cargo Shoring Guidelines.
Appendix C C-1 APPENDIX C. DEFINITIONS RELATED TO AIR CARGO OPERATIONS C.1 Active Unit Load Devices (ULD). ULDs with active temperature control systems for transporting temperature-sensitive cargo. These systems consist of a highly insulated container with a battery-operated heating/cooling system integrated into the construction of the container. Active ULDs are intended to be operating during flight. Active ULDs are battery-powered in flight and are recharged only while on the ground. The “active” component of these units typically consists of a vapor cycle refrigeration/heat pump type system that is powered by various types of large batteries, depending on the manufacturer.
C.2 Aircraft Loading Schedule. The loading schedule is used to document compliance with the certificated Weight and Balance (W&B) limitations contained in the manufacturer’s Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) and Weight and Balance Manual (WBM). The loading schedule is developed by the operator based on its specific loading calculation procedures and provides the operational limits for use with the operator’s W&B program accepted under this advisory circular (AC).
C.3 Approved Parts. Unless used with reference to another person, means parts approved by the Administrator.
C.4 Authorized Unit Load Device (ULD). A ULD, as defined by National Aerospace Standard (NAS) 3610, Cargo Unit Load Devices—Specification For; SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) 36100, Air Cargo Unit Load Devices—Performance Requirements and Test Parameters; Technical Standard Order (TSO)-C90, Cargo Pallets, Nets and Containers (Unit Load Devices); or other standards, for carriage within the airplane as specified in the AFM/WBM approved by the type certificate (TC) or Supplemental Type Certificate (STC). (Refer to Operations Specification (OpSpec) A002, Definitions and Abbreviations.)
C.5 Bulk Cargo. Cargo transported as individual pieces and loaded into a compartment approved for bulk cargo by the AFM/WBM that is approved by the TC or STC. These items are generally loaded planeside and loaded directly into the bulk compartment.
(Refer to OpSpec A002.)
C.6 Cargo. Any property carried on an aircraft other than mail, stores, and accompanied or mishandled baggage. (Refer to OpSpec A002.)
C.7 Cargo Handling. An operator’s methods of accepting, weighing, securing, and transporting cargo on the ground, and the loading and unloading of an aircraft.
C.8 Cargo Loading System (CLS). Equipment installed to the floor of an aircraft cargo compartment to restrain aircraft ULDs against ground and flight loads. It usually consists of such items as ball mats, end stops, rollers, side guides, and locks for securing ULDs to the aircraft structure. It does not include ULDs, barriers, and tiedown straps.