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3. The pilot will execute a 360-degree pedal turn (to the right or left, as appropriate) to verify that directional control is satisfactory while the rotorcraft is hovering.
4. The pilot should accelerate into forward flight to verify that no attitude (whether of the rotorcraft or the external load) is encountered in forward flight in which the rotorcraft is uncontrollable or which is otherwise hazardous.
5. In forward flight, check for hazardous oscillations of the external load, but if the external load is not visible to the pilot, other crewmembers or ground personnel may make this check and signal the pilot.
6. Increase the forward airspeed and determine an operational airspeed at which no hazardous oscillation or hazardous aerodynamic turbulence is encountered.
2.4.7 Initial Certification Base Inspection. For original certification, there are some items that cannot be inspected during a base inspection. For example, an applicant for a Rotorcraft External-Load Operating Certificate would not have certificate facsimiles or lists of authorized rotorcraft for examination.
2.4.8 Results of Inspections and Testing. The operator will be advised in writing of any unsatisfactory test or inspections. The unsatisfactory test or inspections should be rescheduled and repeated until satisfactory results are achieved.
2.4.9 Gate Complete. Verify all steps in the Demonstration and Inspection Phase are complete before continuing to the next phase (see Figure 2-4). The FSDO may end the certification process if the Demonstration and Inspection Phase has not been completed within 90 days. The completion of this gate triggers a new 14-day completion timeline for the Certification Phase.
2.5 Phase 5—Certification.
2.5.1 Successful Certification. When all certification requirements have been met, the FSDO will contact the Aviation Data Systems Branch (AFS-620) for a certificate number.
The Operating Certificate expires on the last day of the 24th calendar-month after the date of issue (refer to § 133.13).
2.5.2 Web-Based Operations Safety System (WebOPSS). Authorizations were not previously issued to part 133 operators using WebOPSS; however, WebOPSS is used to provide a national standardized method for issuing regulatory authorizations (e.g., Class D or IFR).
The use of WebOPSS also puts the operator into the national database for receiving safety advisories and alerts. In accordance with §§ 133.27(b) and 133.51, a copy of the Operating Certificate and Letter of Authorization (LOA) A003, Aircraft Authorization, must be carried aboard each rotorcraft when the rotorcraft is being used in operations conducted under this part.
2.5.3 Certificate Denial. If certification requirements are not met, the FSDO will notify the applicant in writing and provide specific reasons for the denial and cite 14 CFR sections where possible.
Figure 2-1. FAA Form 8400-6, Preapplication Statement of Intent кривом не 0450201
PREAPPLICATION STATEMENT OF INTENT US Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Papervork Reduction Act Statement: A federal agency may not conductor sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, nor shall a person be subject to a penalty for failure to comply with a collection of information subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of information displays a currently valid OMB Control Number. The OMB Control Number for this formation collection is 2120-0593. Public reporting for this collection of information is estimated to be approximately 96 hours perres ponse, including the time tor reviewing instructions, searching existing ata sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, completing and reviewing the collection of information. All responses to this collection of information are mandatory per 14 CFR Part 119. Send omment regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of the collection of information, including suggestions tor reducing this burdenshould be directed to the FAA at: S00 Independence Av SW, I ashington, D C 20591, Atth: Information Collection Clearance Officer, ASP-110.
Section 1A. To Be Completed By All Applicants
1. Name and mailing address of company 2. Address of principal base where operations will be conducted (do not use post office box)
3. Proposed Start-up date 4. Requested threeletter company identifier in order of preference
2.
Company Email Address Doing Business As (DBA)
5. Management Personnel Name (Last, first, middle) Title Telephone (including area code) and Email Address Section 1B. To Be Completed By Air Operators
6. Proposed type of operation (check as many as applicable)
- Air Carrier Certificate • Part 121 • Passengers and Cargo • Single Pilot Operator
- operating Certificate • Part 125 Cargo Only • Single Pilot-in-Command Operator
• Part 133 • Scheduled Operations • Basic Part 135 Operator
• Part 135 • Nonscheduled Operations Section 1C. To Be Completed By Air Agencies
7. Proposed type of agency and rating(s)
• Part 145 Repair Station • Part 147 Maintenance Technical School
• Domestic • Airframe 1 Foreign • New L Renew • Powerplant
• satellite • Both JA irframe • Instrument
• Powerplant •Accessory _ Propeller • Specialized Service
•Radio Section 1D. To Be Completed By Air Operators
8. Aircraft Data 9. Geographic area of Intended operations Numbers and types of aircraft (Include Registration if available) Number of passenger seats (by make, model, and series) argo payload capaci FAA Form 8400-6 (03-15) Supersedes Previous Edition Page 1 Electrania Version 2-14
Section 1E. To Be Completed By All Applicants
10. Additional information that provides a better understanding of the proposed operation or business (attach additiona/sheets, if necessary)
11. The statements and information contained on this form denote an intent to apply for FAA certification.
Signature Date Name and Title Section 2. To Be Completed By FAA District Office Received by (district office): Precertification Number Date: Date Coordinated with AFS-620 Remarks FAA Form 8400-6 (03-15) Supersedes Previous Edition Page 2 Electronic Version 2-15
Figure 2-2. Sample FAA Form 8710-4, Rotorcraft External-Load Operator Certificate Application Form Approved: OMB No. 2120-0044 11/30/2011/ US Department Federal Aviation of Transportation Rotorcraft External-Load Operator Certificate Application Administration INSTRUCTIONS: Submit this form in triplicate to local FAA District Office
1. APPLICATION FOR (CHECK APPLICABLE BOX) CERTIFICATE NO. (For amendment AUTHORIZATION IS LASS X ORIGINAL ISSUANCE or renewal only.)
• AMENDMENT Ов Пс Хо
• RENEWAL
2. NAME AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT (Include Zip Code) 3. PRINCIPAL OR LOCAL BASE OF OPERATIONS (Airport, City, Bob Operator State, and Zip Code) 858 Lift Lane, Silver Bay, MN 55044 Duluth International Airport (KDLH) 901 Aviation Drive, Duluth, MN 55041 TELEPHONE NUMBER (202) 123-4567 TELEPHONE NUMBER
4. NAME OF CHIEF PILOT OR PILOT IN CHARGE OF LOCAL OPERATION AIRMAN GRADE NUMBER Joe P. Ilot CERTIFICATE ATP 1234567
ROTORCRAFT TO BE USED
REGISTRATION TYPE LOAD CLASS (X) DEVICE APPD
NUMBER MAKE MODEL A B YES NO REMARKS N123VF Bell 206 Х N456VE Agusta AW139
CERTIFICATION I certify that the statements made on this application form and any attachments are true and correct, and that the operations indicated on this application will be conducted within the requirements of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 and the applicable Federal Aviation Regulations.
DATE TITLE OF AUTHORIZED OFFICER SIGNATURE OF APPLICANT OR AUTHORIZED OFFICER 05/01/2009 President FAA Form 8710-4 (11-2007) _ SUPERSEDES FAA FORM 8420-7 and FAA FORM 8000-32 Electronic Forms (PDF) 2-16
2-17 Figure 2-3. Sample Letter of Nomination for Designation as a Chief Pilot [Operator’s name] [Operator’s address] [Operator’s city, State, and ZIP Code] [Date] Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) [FSDO address] [FSDO city, State, and ZIP Code] Dear Inspectors:
I am writing to inform you that, as part of our application for a Rotorcraft External-Load Operating Certificate, I wish to designate the following person as Chief Pilot, with your approval:
[Name, certificate grade, and number] [Name] has accumulated over [XXXX] hours as pilot in command (PIC) of rotorcraft and most recently was employed as an external-load pilot for [name of other operator]. In this capacity, [name] flew [make and model]. [Name] completed the FAA knowledge and skill tests on [date].
All records of experience and training are available for the inspector’s review.
Sincerely, [Signature of operator] [Name] [Title] I accept this nomination for designation as Chief Pilot.
[Signature of Chief Pilot] [Name of Chief Pilot]
Figure 2-4. Certification Process Flowchart Phase 1. Application (90 days) Gate 1 Completion Requirements.
1. PASI review.
Gate 1 • 3. FSDO office file creation. 2. Acceptable applicant determination.
4. Application package overview.
5. Enforcement history (EIS) check.
6. Application meeting.
Phase 2. Document Compliance (90 days) Gate 2 Completion Requirements.
1. Application review.
Gate 2 • 3. RLCFM evaluation. 2 Rotorcraft lease review.
4. Chief pilot designation and qualifications.
5. Maintenance records review (Airworthiness).
6. Class D training program approval (if applicable).
Phase 3. Demonstration and Inspection (90 days) Gate 3 Completion Requirements.
Gate 1. Knowledge and skills tests.
• 2. Rotorcraft and equipment inspection (Airworthiness).
3. Operational flight checks.
4. Base inspection.
Phase 4. Certification (14 days) • 1. Rotorcraft External-Load Certificate issuance. 2. OPSS authorizations issuance. Task Outcomes.
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3-1 CHAPTER 3. OPERATING RULES AND REQUIREMENTS
3.1 Operating Rules. Title 14 CFR part 133, § 133.33(c) pertains to operational requirements and refers to the operational flight checks that each person must initially demonstrate in a manner that does not endanger persons or property on the surface.
This operational flight check applies to any rotorcraft-load combination (RLC) that differs substantially from any that person has previously carried with that type of rotorcraft as described in paragraph 2.4.6 of this AC.
1. An example of Class B loads that do not differ substantially from each other is an air conditioner versus an electrical transformer. Both these loads are non-aerodynamic and not considered substantially different.
2. An example of loads that could differ substantially is an air conditioner versus a large pane of glass or other lightweight loads. These loads are substantially different because the pane of glass can be aerodynamic under certain conditions.
Note: When the loads differ substantially, a flight characteristics check may also be required in accordance with § 133.41.
3.2 Congested Area Operations.
3.2.1 Requirements for Congested Area Operations. Section 133.33(d) establishes the requirements for conducting external-load operations over congested areas. Each operation is required to be conducted under a plan that must be approved by the Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) having jurisdiction over the area in which the operation is to be conducted. It is not intended that a separate plan be required for each flight.
One plan will suffice for an operation that might require several flights to complete.
Each plan should provide sufficient information for a thorough evaluation of all safety matters. A chart depicting flight routes and altitudes should be included in each operating plan. Aeronautical charts may be used if the scale and detail is sufficient for evaluation purposes. Past experience has shown that city maps distributed by oil companies are excellent for congested area operating plans. Lack of adequate charts may make it necessary to use a hand-drawn chart to identify routes over city streets, railroad tracks, riverbeds, etc. In order that each congested area operating plan may be properly evaluated, it should be submitted at least 5 business-days in advance of the proposed operation to the appropriate office.
3.2.2 Restricted Category Helicopter Considerations. Section 133.45(d) states, “No person may conduct an external-load operation under this part with a rotorcraft type certificated in the restricted category under § 21.25 over a densely populated area, in a congested airway, or near a busy airport where passenger transport operations are conducted.” The following considerations should be clearly understood by restricted category helicopter operators:
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1. During the development of part 133, it was necessary to consider the application of the minimum safe altitude rules of 14 CFR part 91, § 91.119 as they would apply to flight operations over congested areas. Specifically, it was necessary to provide exceptions for external-load operations over both congested areas and other than congested areas. The first was accomplished in § 133.33(d), which authorizes congested area operations under specified conditions for helicopters type certificated (TC) under 14 CFR part 27 or 29.
A restricted category (14 CFR part 21) helicopter is ineligible for use over congested areas during external-load operations. Secondly, § 133.33(e) was designed to allow for external-load operations below those altitudes otherwise prohibited by § 91.119 which do not create a hazard to persons or property on the surface. This rule is applicable to normal and restricted category helicopters alike.
2. Section 91.313(e) prohibits the operation of restricted category civil aircraft over densely populated areas, in congested airways, or near a busy airport where passenger transport operations are conducted, except when operating in accordance with the terms and conditions of a Certificate of Waiver (CoW) or special operating limitations issued by the Administrator. External-load operators are eligible for such waivers applicable to restricted category helicopters, as are the operators of any other restricted category aircraft. In the case of the external-load operator, such a waiver is applicable to all operations otherwise prohibited by § 91.313(e), except when that operator is engaged directly in external-load operations. Section 133.45(d) reinforces the prohibition of § 91.313(e) for external-load operations, and waiver provisions are not authorized.
3. Access routes (ingress/egress) to the site of an external-load operation should not be construed to be a part of the external-load operation. Access to and from the worksite not involving an external load operation should be considered a part 91 operation.
Note: To review: A restricted category helicopter may not be used by an external-load operator for external-load operations in any circumstance over congested areas, over densely populated areas, in congested airways, or near busy airports where passenger transport operations are conducted.
3.2.3 Congested Area. The term “congested area” has been applied on a case-by-case basis since it first appeared in the Air Commerce Regulations of 1926; a more precise mathematical or geographic definition has yet been developed. The term has never been defined in any regulation. However, the following guidelines have been applied by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) (now the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)) in attempting to give the term fair and equitable effect:
1. The term is administered so as to protect persons and property in small, sparsely settled communities, as well as persons and property in large metropolitan areas, from the hazards presented by aircraft. Thus, the size of the area is not controlling, and violations of the rule have been sustained
3-3 for operation of aircraft: (i) over a small congested area consisting of approximately 10 houses and a school; (ii) over the campus of a university;
(iii) over a beach area along a highway; and (iv) over a summer camp where there were numerous people on the docks and children at play on shore.
2. The presence of people is important to the determination of whether a particular area is congested. Thus, no violation was found in the case of a flight over a large shop building and four one-family dwellings because, in the words of the CAB Examiner, “it was not known whether the dwellings were occupied.” In that case, the area surrounding the buildings was open, flat, and semi-arid. For external-load operations, a factory with adjacent occupied parking lots, filled with employees and vehicles, might be considered a congested area unless the parking lots and employees are vacated and necessary precautions taken to prevent vehicles and persons from reentering the area.
3. The term is administered to prohibit overflights that cut the corners of large, heavily congested residential areas.
4. As stated in § 91.119(b), the congested area could be any area of a city, town, or settlement. However, no precise density of population, ground traffic, or congestion, or precise description of the proximity of buildings or number of residences, has yet been devised that will achieve both the intended protection of persons and property on the ground, and fair application of the rule to operators of aircraft.
3.2.4 Densely Populated Areas. A densely populated area could be considered almost synonymous with a congested area. Those areas of a city, town, or settlement which contain a large number of occupied homes, factories, stores, schools, university and hospital-type buildings, and other related business structures, might be considered densely populated areas. Additionally, a densely populated area may not contain any buildings, but could consist of a large gathering of persons, such as on a beach area or at an airshow, a ball game, fairgrounds, etc.
3.2.5 Near a Busy Airport Where Passenger Transport Operations Are Conducted.
An external-load operation conducted within an airport’s Class D airspace could be considered “near” in the application of § 133.45(d). External-load operations cannot be conducted within such an area when passenger transport operations (air carrier and air taxi) are being conducted to or from those airports. Accordingly, the operator must be advised that advance coordination with the controlling air traffic control (ATC) facilities will be necessary to ensure the establishment of proposed hours of external-load operations, and that adequate procedures will be utilized to ensure that no external-load operation is conducted when passenger transport operations to or from the airport are in progress. Passenger transport operations will be considered “in progress” whenever an aircraft engaged in such operations is in flight within the above defined areas, and the operator is so advised by ATC.
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3.2.6 Congested Area Plan (CAP). For congested area operations, the operator must develop a plan for each complete operation, coordinate this plan with the FAA FSDO having jurisdiction over the area in which the operation will be conducted, and obtain approval for the operation from that district office. The plan must include a Letter of Agreement (see Figure 3-2, Letter of Agreement for Congested Area) with the appropriate political subdivision that local officials will exclude unauthorized persons from the area in which the operation will be conducted, coordination with ATC, if necessary, and a detailed chart depicting the flight routes and altitudes.
3-5 Figure 3-1. Sample Congested Area Plan (Submit in duplicate.)
Name, Address, Telephone Number of Operator:
Name, Address, Telephone Number of Contractor:
Rotorcraft Identification Number: N Rotorcraft Make and Model (HU-369D, etc.):
Rotorcraft Airworthiness Category (Normal, Restricted, Transport):
Pilot Name and Certificate Number:
DATES AND TIMES OPERATION WILL BEGIN AND TERMINATE:
Date Time begin Time end
Name, title, and telephone number of appropriate official of the local subdivision who has agreed to exclude unauthorized persons from the operational area, if applicable:
Copy of agreement attached? Yes/No List of streets or roads that will be blocked during operation, if applicable:
Ingress/egress routes, if applicable:
(If appropriate) This operation has been coordinated with the following air traffic control facilities:
Description and weight of loads to be carried:
Class:
Description:
3-6 Length of attaching means (includes hook and cable):
Weight of load:
Physical size of load:
List of buildings that must be either partially or entirely unoccupied by persons:
Building description/address:
Owners:
Telephone number:
Load penetration (for occupied buildings):
How many floors could the load penetrate if dropped from the highest point of lift above the building? floors What is the maximum height the load will be lifted above the building? feet Are charts, maps, and/or diagrams attached? Yes/No Narrative description of pickup site, route, delivery site, and plan for ceasing operation if unauthorized persons enter operational area:
(Use additional sheets as necessary.)
[Company official’s signature] [Title] [Date]