Appendix 5 Teaching Area of Study Subject Description Level
c. Cabin control systems
33. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair heating.
cooling, air conditioning, pressurization systems, and air cycle
34. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair heating.
cooling, air conditioning, and pressurization systems....
35. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair oxygen systems....
d. Aircraft instrument systems
36. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair electronic flight instrument systems and both mechanical and electrical heading, speed, altitude, temperature, pressure, and position indicating systems to include the use of built-in test equipment. An AMTS that teaches a combined A&P curriculum may elect to combine this subject with the instruction of powerplant instrument systems... … (1)
37. Install instruments and perform a static pressure system leak
(2)
e. Communication and navigation systems
38. Inspect, check, and troubleshoot autopilot, servos, and approach coupling systems -- (1)
39. Inspect, check, and service aircraft electronic communication and navigation systems, including very high frequency (VHF) passenger address interphones and static discharge devices, aircraft Very high frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR), instrument landing system (ILS), Long Range Aid to Navigation (LORAN), Radar beacon transponders, flight management computers, and ground proximity warning system (GPWS). An AMTS may also elect to instruct in GPS and integrated autoflight systems.. ... ()
40. Inspect and repair antenna and electronic equipment installations.......... .. (2) Page 7
Appendix › Teaching Area of Study Subject Description Level
f. Aircraft fuel An AMTS may combine appropriate elements of this material systems with elements of the engine fuel system instruction located in the powerplant curriculum.
41. Check and service fuel dump systems
42. Perform fuel management transfer and defueling
43. Inspect, check, and repair pressure fueling systems ()
44. Repair aircraft fuel system components.. (2)
45. Inspect and repair fluid quantity indicating systems. (2)
46. Troubleshoot, service, and repair fluid pressure and temperature warning systems. (2)
47. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair aircraft fuel systems. ... .. (3)
g. Aircraft An AMTS may elect to combine aircraft electrical system subjects electrical with the basic electricity subject in the general curriculum.
systems
48. Repair and inspect aircraft electrical system components, crimp and splice wiring to manufacturers' specifications, and repair pins and sockets of aircraft connectors. An AMTS may elect to increase the teaching level to 3 in repair of pins/sockets and crimping/splicing of wiring... (2)
49. Install, check, and service airframe electrical wiring, controls, switches, indicators, and protective devices. (3) 50a. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair alternating and direct current electrical systems. (3) 50b. Inspect, check, and troubleshoot constant speed and integrated speed drive generators
h. Position and warning systems
51. Inspect, check, and service speed and configuration warning systems, electrical brake controls, and antiskid systems (2)
52. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, and service landing gear position indicating and warning systems.......
i. Ice and rain control systems
53. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair airframe ice and rain control systems.. ....... (2) Page 8
Appendix 5 Teaching Area of Study Subject Description Level
j. Fire An AMTS may teach this subject in the general curriculum to protection reduce teaching these subjects twice. This may only be systems accomplished by a school teaching a combined A&P curriculum.
A school teaching airframe or powerplant separately may not follow this approach.
54. Inspect, check, and service smoke and carbon monoxide detection systems. .. ()
55. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair aircraft fire detection and extinguishing systems .... (3)
k. Airframe inspection
56. Perform a capstone airframe inspection module. This module should include research into regulations, maintenance manuals, and other relevant documentation encountered during a normal airframe inspection. The module could use the general inspection principles established in AC 43-204, Visual Inspection for Aircraft, and other relevant documents. ... (2) or (3) Powerplant Curriculum Subjects I. Powerplant Theory and Maintenance
a. Reciprocating engines
1. Inspect and repair a radial engine. An AMTS may include a discussion of basic principles only.... - •)
2. Overhaul reciprocating engine. Schools may elect to limit the teaching of this subject by having students observe and participate in the overhaul of a reciprocating engine. An AMTS could instruct students in basic principles of engine design and maintenance.. (2)
3. Inspect, check, service, and repair reciprocating engines and engine installations.. (3)
4. Install, troubleshoot, and remove reciprocating engines. An AMTS could focus instruction on normal inservice maintenance such as magneto timing and exchanging ..... (3) Page 9
Appendix 5 Teaching Area of Study Subject Description Level
b. Turbine Curriculum should focus on modular engines, breakdowns, engines disassembly, reassembly, and understanding of basic principles.
5. Overhaul turbine engine...
6. Inspect, check, service, and repair turbine engines and turbine engine installations. Curriculum should focus on common inservice maintenance issues, such as hot-section service and
7. Install, troubleshoot, and remove turbine engines...
c. Engine This element may be combined into the capstone inspection inspection
8. Perform powerplant conformity and airworthiness inspections.. (3) II. Powerplant Systems and Components
a. Engine An AMTS may combine portions of this subject with basic instrument electricity elements in the general curriculum or aircraft systems instrument systems in the airframe curriculum.
9. Troubleshoot, service, and repair electrical and mechanical fluid rate-of-flow indicating systems. ... (2)
10. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair electrical and mechanical engine temperature, pressure, and revolutions per minute (rpm). indicating systems... - (3)
b. Engine fire An AMTS may consider teaching this subject in the general protection curriculum to avoid teaching the subjects twice. This may only be systems accomplished by a school teaching a combined A&P curriculum.
A school teaching only airframe or powerplant may not follow this approach.
11. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair engine fire detection and extinguishing systems... - (3)
c. Engine An AMTS may combine portions of this material with airframe or electrical systems
12. Repair engine electrical system components.. ... (2)
13. Install, check, and service engine electrical wiring, controls, switches, indicators, and protective devices.. (B)
d. Lubrication systems
14. Identify and select lubricants.. -- (2)
15. Repair engine lubrication system components..... .. (2)
16. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair engine lubrication systems.. - (3) Page 10
Appendix 5 Area of Study Subject Description Teaching Level
e. Ignition and starting systems
17. Overhaul magneto and ignition harness. The students should be presented with the overhaul procedures and the opportunity to follow the procedures to overhaul the magneto, install and time the magneto, and install the wiring harness. They should accomplish repairs as necessary and correctly time the magneto to the engine..... (2)
18. Inspect, service, troubleshoot, and repair reciprocating and turbine engine ignition systems and components.... .. (2) 19a. Inspect, service, troubleshoot, and repair turbine engine electrical starting systems..... ... (3) 19b. Inspect, service, and troubleshoot turbine engine pneumatic starting systems. ... (1)
f. Fuel metering systems
20. Troubleshoot and adjust turbine engine fuel metering systems and electronic engine fuel controls... … (1)
21. Overhaul carburetor. The AMT will focus on overhaul and setup of float type aircraft carburetors of proven and new designs as well as operational performance characteristics, testing, and adjustment upon installation... (2)
22. Repair engine fuel metering system components.. • (2)
23. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair reciprocating and turbine engine fuel metering systems.... ... (3)
g. Engine fuel An AMTS may combine portions of these subjects with the airframe systems curriculum.
24. Repair engine fuel system components.. • (2)
25. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair engine fuel systems. (3)
h. Induction and engine airflow systems
26. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair engine ice and rain control systems..... (2)
27. Inspect, check, service, troubleshoot, and repair heat exchangers, superchargers, and turbine engine airflow and temperature control systems...... … (1)
28. Inspect, check, service, and repair carburetor air intake and induction manifolds. (3)
i. Engine cooling systems
29. Repair engine cooling system components.. ... (2)
30. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair engine cooling systems.... .. (3) Page 11
Appendix 5 Area of Study Subject Description Teaching Level
j. Engine exhaust and reverser systems
31. Repair engine exhaust system components... .... (2) 32a. Inspect, check, troubleshoot, service, and repair engine exhaust systems.. (3) 32b. Troubleshoot and repair engine thrust reverser systems and related components. ..... (1)
k. Propellers
33. Inspect, check, service, and repair propeller synchronizing and ice control systems. - (1)
34. Identify and select propeller lubricants. (2)
35. Balance propellers. (1)
36. Repair propeller control system components. .. (2)
37. Inspect, check, service, and repair fixed-pitch, constant-speed, and feathering propellers, and propeller governing systems.......
38. Install, troubleshoot, and remove propellers. (3)
39. Repair aluminum alloy propeller blades. (3) I. Unducted An AMTS can discuss basic principles briefly by lecture.
fans
40. Inspect and troubleshoot unducted fan systems and components.. • (1)
m. Auxiliary power units
41. Inspect, check, service, and troubleshoot turbine-driven auxiliary power units..
n. Powerplant inspection
42. Perform a capstone powerplant inspection module. This module may include research into regulations, maintenance manuals, and other relevant documentation encountered during a normal powerplant inspection. The module may also include evaluation of powerplant performance in a test cell....... (2) or (3) Page 12
Appendix 6 APPENDIX 6. ADDITIONAL COURSE MATERIAL RECOMMENDATIONS The introduction of technological advances in aircraft, powerplants, and associated systems presents an ever changing need for adequately trained AMTs to meet aviation industry needs.
Although the current regulations do not require it, a significant number of AMTSs are establishing these courses to satisfy industry demands. Following are some examples of courses offered:
1. Composite Material Repair. A composite repair course can be as simple as teaching fiberglass repair using prepackaged student instruction kits available from various sources, or as complex as a full scale repair facility. Full-scale composite repair facilities teach and repair many types of composite materials, such as fiberglass, Kevlar, boron, and carbon materials.
Instructional aids and shop equipment can include clean rooms, downdraft worktables, positively vented rooms, composite autoclaves, refrigerated material storage, and various aircraft composite structures for instruction. Some AMTSs offering composite repair courses combine a nondestructive inspection course along with the basic course.
2. Nondestructive Inspection. A nondestructive inspection course that teaches beyond the requirements of 14 CFR part 147 (for example, magnetic particle) generally includes training in radiography (x-ray), ultrasound, eddy current inspection, and borescope techniques. Information on and equipment for nondestructive inspection course development are widely available from commercial sources.
3. Solid-State Electronics/Avionics/Built-In Test Equipment (BITE). Many AMTSs currently offer enhanced training or stand-alone course work leading to an electronics subspecialty in addition to an FAA A&P mechanic certificate. The specialized subject matter for these courses may be incorporated into existing required AMTS courses, such as basic electricity and basic physics. Course material, curriculums, and laboratory and shop equipment are readily available from commercial sources.
4. Principles of Troubleshooting. Broad-based principles of troubleshooting are well known and may be available commercially or developed by the school. An AMTS should focus on logical approaches to solving common aircraft problems. An AMTS may also include hands-on workshops using simulated aircraft system malfunctions.
5. Human Factors. Human factors principles should be incorporated throughout an AMTS’s curriculum as the mechanic written examination contains test questions on human factors. Many training programs are available commercially. The FAA also maintains a list of human factors reference materials at http://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/maintenance_hf.
6. Service Difficulty Reports (SDR). A key component to the proper reporting of service difficulties is the maintainer. Part 147 AMTSs should cover the importance of service difficulty reporting when addressing the requirements of part 147 appendix B, section i, “maintenance forms and records,” in the general curriculum. The SDR program is an information system designed to provide assistance to aircraft owners, operators, maintenance organizations, maintainers, manufacturers, and the FAA with the identification of aircraft problems encountered during service. The SDR program provides for the collection, organization, analysis, and
Appendix 6 dissemination of aircraft service information to improve service reliability of aeronautical products. The FAA requests the cooperation of all aircraft owners, operators, mechanics, pilots, and others in the reporting of service difficulties experienced with airframes, powerplants, propellers, and components.
Appendix 7 APPENDIX 7. SAMPLE CURRICULUM OUTLINES Chapter 2 states that curriculum development may evolve from several developmental stages. An example of working through a curriculum is found in samples 1, 2, and 3 below. The first stage in curriculum development is the evaluation of performance goals and prominent issues that the applicant should grasp. The Allen Study is one example that demonstrates how these issues could be developed. The Allen Study makes general recommendations as to the hours of instruction, the teaching level, and the performance standards required of the student, but each AMTS must assign these values according to its own requirements and, in the case of teaching levels, the requirements of 14 CFR.
Sample 1 is an excerpt from the Allen Study.
SAMPLE 1. STAGE 1, THE ALLEN STUDY
THE NATIONAL STUDY OF THE AVIATION MECHANICS OCCUPATION Part 147 Appendix B, Subject F, Ground Operation and Servicing Item 21. Identify and Select Fuels.
Identify Aircraft Fuels Student Performance Goal Given: Aircraft operator’s manual, a list of colors and octane rating ranges, and a fuel system of an airplane.
Performance: The student will obtain fuel samples from the fuel system of an airplane and verify that the fuel at least equals the minimum required octane rating. The student will associate each color with the correct octane range, describe how volatility is related to vapor lock, and discuss the advantages and limitations of kerosene as a turbine fuel.
Standard: Matching of color to octane rating will be 100 percent correct.
KEY POINT FEEDBACK Significance of octane/performance number in identification of fuel.
What is iso-octane?
What is normal heptane?
How do these produce the octane number?
Why are performance numbers used when a fuel exceeds 100 octane rating?
What is the significance of the second number in fuel rating that is, 100/130?
What happens if the octane rating is
a. Too low?
b. Too high?
Which is more critical?
How is the minimum octane rating of fuel for each engine installation determined?
Appendix 7
KEY POINT FEEDBACK Color identifying octane performance number.
What colors are used in identification of fuels?
Do they adversely affect combustion?
How do colors aid in detecting leaks?
SAMPLE 2. STAGE 2, CONTINUING CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT The following sample shows an example of the second stage in developing a curriculum. It addresses the same subject area as stage 1 but it also defines the amount of instruction time, the specific 14 CFR section addressed, the teaching level, and the performance standard the student is expected to achieve. However, testing and grading criteria are not yet developed.
DEPLANE AMTS Part 147, Appendix B, Subject F, Ground Operation and Servicing Unit Title: Identify and Select Fuels. Subject Item 21.
Teaching Level: 2 Classroom teaching time 2.5 hours Laboratory or shop time 2.5 hours Instructional time 5 hours Identify Aircraft Fuels Given: Aircraft operator’s manual, a list of colors and octane rating ranges, and fuel samples or illustrations.
Student Performance: The student will obtain fuel samples and/or aircraft specifications. The student will associate each color with the correct octane range according to aircraft specifications, describe how volatility is related to vapor lock, and discuss how octane ratings affect engine performance.
Standard: Matching of color to octane rating will be 100 percent correct.
Appendix 7 SAMPLE 3. STAGE 3, COMPLETE CURRICULUM ELEMENT The following sample on the subject of aircraft cleaning and corrosion control contains all the elements required to teach, test, and conform to the rule. It is not intended to be an expansive text. It is a short outline of elements expected in the final curriculum product. Sample 3(A) describes the typical contents of a single subject element, and samples 3(B) through 3(E) provide information on practical projects, tests, and grading criteria.
DEPLANE AMTS Part 147 Appendix B, Subject G Subject: Cleaning and Corrosion Control
Item 23. Perform Aircraft Cleaning and Corrosion Control Classroom time 3 hours Laboratory or shop time 2 hours Total time 5 hours (Sample 3(A)) Curriculum Subject Guide (Sample 3(B)) Practical Project Guide (Sample 3(C)) Theory Test (Sample 3(D)) Practical Test (Sample 3(E)) Practical Project Grading Criteria
Appendix 7 SAMPLE 3(A). CURRICULUM SUBJECT GUIDE In a typical curriculum, the elements included in this subject guide may be separated or combined in different ways. The following teaching items should be identified in a written description narrative as part of an FAA-approved AMTS curriculum.
(1) Introduction and subject element objectives (purpose).
(2) Instructors’ guide (teaching outline).
(3) Technical information and equipment — references (manuals, tools, materials).
(4) Workbooks or other guidance for classroom, laboratory, and shop (procedures).
Sample 3(B), Practical Project Guide, demonstrates how teaching items 1 through 4 may be incorporated into practical project requirements.
NOTE: These teaching items may appear in any format as long as the description narrative is in sufficient detail to explain the item completely, and should be present in all subject elements, both theory and practical projects.
For example, the instructors’ guide/teaching outline may be combined with procedures. In some cases, certain items’ outlines may be combined with procedures. Many other concepts also are in common usage.