AC 23-8C

Appendix 7 Appendix 7. Useful Information A7-1

11/16/2011 Geopotential Temp. Press. Press. Density Density Speed of Altitude Ratio Ratio Ratio Sound h P ft psi slug/ft ft/sec 1000 2.3081 2.3768x10-3 .. . . . . 1112.6 1116.4 Figure A7-1 2000 2.2409 1108.7 3000 2.1751 1104.9 4000 2.1109 1101.0 5000 2.0481 1097.1 6000 1093.2 7000 1089.2 U.S. Standard Atmosphere (1962) 8000 9000 10.50 10000 10.11 1.7553 1077.4 11000 9.720 1073.4 12000 9.346 13000 8.984 14000 8.633 15000 8.294 16000 7.965 17000 7.647 18000 19000 20000 21000 440:2 6.475 22000 6.207 23000 5.947 24000 5.696 25000 5.454 Appendix 7 AC 23-8C

0eopoteotia l Te-.p. Tea,.p. P~fl••· Pre.••• t>ensic:, Denai.t:7 Spud of Altitude a..cio R.atio letio Sound h T 8 p 0 p " V • ft OF oa oc 2ai aluf&ft 3 ft/eec 26000 - 33. 7 426.0 -36.6 .821 3 5.220 . )552 l.0 2 . 43250 1011. 7 27000 -37.) 422 .4 -38.5 . 8144 4. 994 .3398 .99 19 .41730 1007.5 28000 -40.9 418.8 --40 . 5 .8075 4 . 77 7 .)250 .9567 .40251 100).2 29000 -44 .4 415.) -42.5 .8006 4.S67 . 3107 .922S .38812 999.0 30000 -48.0 411. 7 -44.4 .7938 •. ,64 .2970 . 8893 .37413 994. 7 31000 -51.6 408.J --46.4 .7869 4.169 .2837 .8S69 .)6053 990.3 32000 -S5.1 404.6 -48.4 . 7800 3.981 .2709 .8255 . 34731 986.0 33000 -58 .7 401.0 -5o.4 • 7731 3.800 .2S86 .79S0 .33447 981.6 34000 -62 . 2 397 ·' -52.4 . 7663 3 . 626 .2467 . 7653 . 32199 977.3 3S000 -65 .8 393 .9 -S4.3 . 7594 3.458 .23S3 • 7365 .30987 972.9 36<>'.J() -69.4 390 .3 -56.4 . 752S 3.297 .2243 • 7086 .29811 968.5 37000 -0.7 390.0 -S6.S • 7519 3.142 .2138 . &759 .28435 968.1 38000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 .7S19 2. 994 .2038 .6442 . 27101 968.1 39000 -(,9.' HO.O -56.S . 7519 2.854 .1942 .6U9 .25829 968.1 40000 -69.1 390.0 -56 . 5 . 7S19 2. 720 .lBSl .5851 • 24617 968.1 41000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 . 7519 2.592 . 1764 .5577 . 23462 968. 1 42000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 .7S19 2.471 . 1681 . S31S . 22361 968.1 43000 -69. 7 390.0 -S6. 5 • 7519 2.3S5 . 1602 .50 65 .21 311 968. 1 44000 -69. 7 390.0 -56 .5 . 7519 2 .244 • 1527 .4828 • 20311 968. I 4S000 -69. 7 390.0 -S6.5 .7519 2.139 . 1455 .4601 . 19358 968.1 46000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 .7519 2.039 • 1387 .4385 .18450 968.1 47000 -69. 7 390 . 0 -56.5 . 7S19 1.943 .1322 .4180 .17S84 968.1 48000 -69 . 1 390.0 -56.S • 7519 1.852 .1260 .3983 .167S9 968.1 49000 -69. 7 390 .0 -56.S .7S19 I. 76S .1201 .3196 .1S972 968.1 S0000 -69 . , 390.0 -S6.S . 1S19 l.682 .1145 .3618 .15223 968.1 0a.ao.kine • °r + 459. 7° 01e1Yin • 0 c + i73.2° 11/16/2011 AC 23-8C Appendix 7 Figure A7-1 – U.S. Standard Atmosphere (1962) (Continued) A7-3

Appendix 7 Figure A7-2 - Temperature Conversion Chart ₴O- -230 -220 -30 -DO

- 1O 180 -150 —130

Appendix 7 Figure A7-3 - Determination of Air Temperature in Relation to International Standard Atmosphere 26 24 22 20 18 ALTITUDE - 1000 FEET YSI SL -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 AIR TEMPERATURE -°F.

A7-5

Appendix 7 Figure A7-4 - Density/Pressure Altitude Conversion -10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 °F

1.10 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 VPP. € PiPe 16000 16000 15000 15000 14000 14000 13000 13000 12000 12000 11000 - 11000 10000 • 10000 9000 9000 DENSITY ALTITUDE - FEET 8000 8000 DENSITY ALTITUDE - FEET 7000 7000 6000 6000 5000 5000 4000 4000 3000 3000 2000 2000 T000 1000

- 1000 - - 1000 -2000 -2000 -3000 -4000 5000 -5000 30 40 50 70 80 90 100 °F.

500 530 540 550 560 *F. ABS.

20 - 30 40 °c.

A7-6

11/16/2011 COMPRESSIBILITY CORRECTIONS TO OBTAIN Ve (EQUIVALENT AIRSPEED) 12 _31 10 Figure A7-5 - Compressibility Correction CAS 9 7 A7-7 180 200 220 240 260 VE (CALIBRATED AIRSPEED) ~ KNOTS Appendix 7 AC 23-8C

SE 11/16/2011 150 140 dh dVc 0.08865 c 1+.2 °std 1 667. 5/ 130 ASSUMES NO ERROR IN

TOTAL PRESSURE HEAD 120 AND AIRSPEED POSITION ERROR LESS THAN 10 KNOTS 110 100 Figure A7-6 - Altimeter Error vs. CAS 90 A7-8 60 50 40 15000 30 10 40 120 160 200 240 280 CALIBRATED AIRSPEED ~ KT Appendix 7 AC 23-8C

Outside Air Temp. Indicated Temp. (K) (x) • 1 + (recovery factor) 11/16/2011

OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE 130* 190" 200" 210" 220° 230° 240° 250° 260° 270° 310° 320* 330* (*K) -90° -80° -70* -60° (°C)

1.20 30

1.14 Figure A7-7 - Temperature RAM Rise A7-9 1. 12

1.10

1.06

1.04

1.C2

1.00 INDICATED TEMPERATURE (°C) Appendix 7 AC 23-8C

0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7

MACH NUMBER, M

STALLING SPEED AS A FUNCTION OF ANGLE OF BANK - 11/16/2011 160 Figure A7-8 - Stalling Speed as a Function of Angle of Bank OI-LV STALL SPEED - 0° ANGLE OF BANK

STALLING SPEED AS A

FUNCTION OF ANGLE

OF BANK - B 70 VSTALLO = VSTALL AT O v cos e 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 STALL SPEED AT BANK ANGLE P Appendix 7

Appendıx 7 Figure A7-9 - Vectoral Acceleration Versus Angle of Bank 31653 VECTORIAL ACCELERATION VERSUS ANGLE OF BANK 8 = = cOs cos D WHERE B = ANGLE OF BANK 30 BANK ANGLE - DEGREES

3.0 A7-11

102/9/11 AC 23-8C Appendix 7 Figure A7-10 14% 8° 12% 6°105 95 5° 8.0% 7.0% 4° 6.0% 5.55 3° 008 5.0%

4.5% 002

4.0%

3.5% RATE OF CLIMB - feet/min 13.0%

2.5% | 2.0% 300 1*

11.55 200

1.0% 100

- 0.5% 60 80 100 120. 140 160 FLIGHT PATH VELOCITY - knots (TAS) A7-12