0eopoteotia l Te-.p. Tea,.p. P~fl••· Pre.••• t>ensic:, Denai.t:7 Spud of Altitude a..cio R.atio letio Sound h T 8 p 0 p " V • ft OF oa oc 2ai aluf&ft 3 ft/eec 26000 - 33. 7 426.0 -36.6 .821 3 5.220 . )552 l.0 2 . 43250 1011. 7 27000 -37.) 422 .4 -38.5 . 8144 4. 994 .3398 .99 19 .41730 1007.5 28000 -40.9 418.8 --40 . 5 .8075 4 . 77 7 .)250 .9567 .40251 100).2 29000 -44 .4 415.) -42.5 .8006 4.S67 . 3107 .922S .38812 999.0 30000 -48.0 411. 7 -44.4 .7938 •. ,64 .2970 . 8893 .37413 994. 7 31000 -51.6 408.J --46.4 .7869 4.169 .2837 .8S69 .)6053 990.3 32000 -S5.1 404.6 -48.4 . 7800 3.981 .2709 .8255 . 34731 986.0 33000 -58 .7 401.0 -5o.4 • 7731 3.800 .2S86 .79S0 .33447 981.6 34000 -62 . 2 397 ·' -52.4 . 7663 3 . 626 .2467 . 7653 . 32199 977.3 3S000 -65 .8 393 .9 -S4.3 . 7594 3.458 .23S3 • 7365 .30987 972.9 36<>'.J() -69.4 390 .3 -56.4 . 752S 3.297 .2243 • 7086 .29811 968.5 37000 -0.7 390.0 -S6.S • 7519 3.142 .2138 . &759 .28435 968.1 38000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 .7S19 2. 994 .2038 .6442 . 27101 968.1 39000 -(,9.' HO.O -56.S . 7519 2.854 .1942 .6U9 .25829 968.1 40000 -69.1 390.0 -56 . 5 . 7S19 2. 720 .lBSl .5851 • 24617 968.1 41000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 . 7519 2.592 . 1764 .5577 . 23462 968. 1 42000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 .7S19 2.471 . 1681 . S31S . 22361 968.1 43000 -69. 7 390.0 -S6. 5 • 7519 2.3S5 . 1602 .50 65 .21 311 968. 1 44000 -69. 7 390.0 -56 .5 . 7519 2 .244 • 1527 .4828 • 20311 968. I 4S000 -69. 7 390.0 -S6.5 .7519 2.139 . 1455 .4601 . 19358 968.1 46000 -69. 7 390.0 -56.5 .7519 2.039 • 1387 .4385 .18450 968.1 47000 -69. 7 390 . 0 -56.5 . 7S19 1.943 .1322 .4180 .17S84 968.1 48000 -69 . 1 390.0 -56.S • 7519 1.852 .1260 .3983 .167S9 968.1 49000 -69. 7 390 .0 -56.S .7S19 I. 76S .1201 .3196 .1S972 968.1 S0000 -69 . , 390.0 -S6.S . 1S19 l.682 .1145 .3618 .15223 968.1 0a.ao.kine • °r + 459. 7° 01e1Yin • 0 c + i73.2° 11/16/2011 AC 23-8C Appendix 7 Figure A7-1 – U.S. Standard Atmosphere (1962) (Continued) A7-3
Appendix 7 Figure A7-2 - Temperature Conversion Chart ₴O- -230 -220 -30 -DO
- 1O 180 -150 —130
Appendix 7 Figure A7-3 - Determination of Air Temperature in Relation to International Standard Atmosphere 26 24 22 20 18 ALTITUDE - 1000 FEET YSI SL -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 AIR TEMPERATURE -°F.
A7-5
Appendix 7 Figure A7-4 - Density/Pressure Altitude Conversion -10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 °F
1.10 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 VPP. € PiPe 16000 16000 15000 15000 14000 14000 13000 13000 12000 12000 11000 - 11000 10000 • 10000 9000 9000 DENSITY ALTITUDE - FEET 8000 8000 DENSITY ALTITUDE - FEET 7000 7000 6000 6000 5000 5000 4000 4000 3000 3000 2000 2000 T000 1000
- 1000 - - 1000 -2000 -2000 -3000 -4000 5000 -5000 30 40 50 70 80 90 100 °F.
500 530 540 550 560 *F. ABS.
20 - 30 40 °c.
A7-6
11/16/2011 COMPRESSIBILITY CORRECTIONS TO OBTAIN Ve (EQUIVALENT AIRSPEED) 12 _31 10 Figure A7-5 - Compressibility Correction CAS 9 7 A7-7 180 200 220 240 260 VE (CALIBRATED AIRSPEED) ~ KNOTS Appendix 7 AC 23-8C
SE 11/16/2011 150 140 dh dVc 0.08865 c 1+.2 °std 1 667. 5/ 130 ASSUMES NO ERROR IN
TOTAL PRESSURE HEAD 120 AND AIRSPEED POSITION ERROR LESS THAN 10 KNOTS 110 100 Figure A7-6 - Altimeter Error vs. CAS 90 A7-8 60 50 40 15000 30 10 40 120 160 200 240 280 CALIBRATED AIRSPEED ~ KT Appendix 7 AC 23-8C
Outside Air Temp. Indicated Temp. (K) (x) • 1 + (recovery factor) 11/16/2011
OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE 130* 190" 200" 210" 220° 230° 240° 250° 260° 270° 310° 320* 330* (*K) -90° -80° -70* -60° (°C)
1.20 30
1.14 Figure A7-7 - Temperature RAM Rise A7-9 1. 12
1.10
1.06
1.04
1.C2
1.00 INDICATED TEMPERATURE (°C) Appendix 7 AC 23-8C
0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7
MACH NUMBER, M
STALLING SPEED AS A FUNCTION OF ANGLE OF BANK - 11/16/2011 160 Figure A7-8 - Stalling Speed as a Function of Angle of Bank OI-LV STALL SPEED - 0° ANGLE OF BANK
STALLING SPEED AS A
FUNCTION OF ANGLE
OF BANK - B 70 VSTALLO = VSTALL AT O v cos e 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 STALL SPEED AT BANK ANGLE P Appendix 7
Appendıx 7 Figure A7-9 - Vectoral Acceleration Versus Angle of Bank 31653 VECTORIAL ACCELERATION VERSUS ANGLE OF BANK 8 = = cOs cos D WHERE B = ANGLE OF BANK 30 BANK ANGLE - DEGREES
3.0 A7-11
102/9/11 AC 23-8C Appendix 7 Figure A7-10 14% 8° 12% 6°105 95 5° 8.0% 7.0% 4° 6.0% 5.55 3° 008 5.0%
4.5% 002
4.0%
3.5% RATE OF CLIMB - feet/min 13.0%
2.5% | 2.0% 300 1*
11.55 200
1.0% 100
- 0.5% 60 80 100 120. 140 160 FLIGHT PATH VELOCITY - knots (TAS) A7-12
Appendix 7 Figure A7-10 (continued)
4.0% 1.5% 2°
3.0% 800 700 = 2.5% 600
2.0% RATE OF CLIMB - feet/min 5000 400 CLIMB GRADIENT ANGLE OF CLIMB 1.5% 300
1.0% 200
0.5% 100 0160 180 200 220 240 260 280 FLIGHT PATH VELOCITY - knots (TAS) A7-13
Appendix 7 Figure A7-11 - Takeoff and Landing Crosswind Component Chart
TAKEOFF AND LANDING CROSSWIND COMPONENT
FLIGHT PATH
RUNWAY CENTERLINE 60 0° 10° 20' 50 30° WIND 40° - VELOC HEADWIND COMPONENT ~ KNOTS 50° ANGLE, DEGREES * 60° WIND 70° 80° 90° -10 100° = 180° 160 150° - 140°1 H· 130° • 120° • 110° -20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 CROSSWIND COMPONENT ~ KNOTS A7-14