Advisory U.S. Department Circular of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration AC 23.1311-1B
INSTALLATION OF ELECTRONIC DISPLAY IN PART 23 AIRPLANES June 14, 2005
FOREWORD This advisory circular (AC) sets forth an acceptable means of showing compliance with Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 23 for installing electronic displays in part 23 airplanes. Applicants may follow approved alternate methods. Words such as "shall" and "must" apply only to specific rules selected by the applicant.
S/ John Colomy Acting Manager, Small Airplane Directorate Aircraft Certification Service i (and ii)
CONTENTS Section Page
1.0 PURPOSE
2.0 CANCELLATION..
3.0 RELATED REGULATIONS AND DOCUMENTS.
4.0 5.0 BACKGROUND.. SCOPE… .7 00 00
6.0 ACRONYMS/DEFINITIONS
7.0 DISPLAY DESCRIPTION. .14
8.0 FLIGHT DISPLAYS.. .14
9.0 POWERPLANT DISPLAYS. .22
10.0 ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS FOR NAVIGATION INFORMATION ..24
11.0 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL (AFM) . .25
12.0 ELECTRONIC CHECKLIST.. .25
13.0 HUMAN FACTORS CONSIDERATIONS FOR DESIGN OF ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS.. .25
14.0 LOCATION AND CONFIGURATION OF DISPLAYS. .29
15.0 PILOT FIELD-OF-VIEW CONSIDERATIONS .29
16.0 LUMINANCE .33
17.0 SYMBOLOGY AND FORMAT.. .33
18.0 ANNUNCIATION .40
19.0 LAG TIME AND DATA UPDATE .41
20.0 CONTROLS. .42
21.0 TEST FUNCTIONS.. .42
22.0 COLOR STANDARDIZATION.. ,42
23.0 COLOR FOR AVIATION ROUTINE WEATHER. .45
24.0 GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS . ,45
25.0 AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCE .45
26.0 SAFETY ASSESSMENTS.. .46
27.0 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT ASSURANCE .48
28.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.. .49
29.0 ELECTROMAGNETIC PROTECTION.. ...50
30.0 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE. .50
31.0 IMPLOSION PROTECTION...... ..50
32.0 CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT BY ELECTRONIC IDENTIFICATION GUIDANCE .50 ili (and iv)
1.0 PURPOSE This advisory circular (AC) provides an acceptable means, but not the only means, of showing compliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) applicable to installing electronic displays in part 23 airplanes. This material is neither mandatory nor regulatory in nature and does not constitute a regulation. You may follow an alternate FAA-approved method.
Mandatory words such as "shall" or "must" apply only to those who seek to show compliance to a specific rule by use of a method prescribed in this AC without deviation.
: 2.0 CANCELLATION AC 23.1311-1A, "Installation of Electronic Display Instrument Systems in Part 23 Airplanes," dated March 12, 1999, is cancelled.
3.0 RELATED REGULATIONS AND DOCUMENTS
3.1 Regulatory Sections These acceptable means of compliance refer to the applicable sections of 14 CFR, part 23. For airplanes certificated under CAR 3, we show the corresponding paragraphs of the former Civil Air Regulations (CAR) in parenthesis.
§ 23.771 (3.381) Pilot compartment § 23.773 (3.382) Pilot compartment view § 23.777 (3.384) Cockpit controls § 23.1301 (3.651 and 3.652) Equipment: Function and installation § 23.1303 (3.655(a)) Flight and navigation instruments § 23.1305 (3.655(b)) Powerplant instruments § 23.1309 Equipment, systems, and installations § 23.1311 Electronic display instrument systems § 23.1321 (3.661 and 3.662) Arrangement and visibility § 23.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights § 23.1323 (3.663) Airspeed indicating system § 23.1326 Pitot heat indication systems § 23.1329 Automatic pilot system § 23.1331 (3.668) Instruments using a power source § 23.1335 (3.669) Flight director systems § 23.1337 (3.671, 3.672, 3.673, 3.674, Powerplant instruments installation and 3.675) § 23.1351 (3.681, 3.682, 3.685, Electrical Systems and Equipment: General and 3.686) § 23.1353 (3.683) Storage battery design and installation § 23.1357 (3.690, 3.691, and 3.692) Circuit protective devices § 23.1359 Electrical system fire protection § 23.1361 (3.688) Master switch arrangement 1
§ 23.1365 (3.693) Electric cables and equipment § 23.1367 (3.694 and 3.695) Switches § 23.1381 (3.696 and 3.697) Instrument lights § 23.1431 (3.721) Electronic equipment § 23.1501 (3.735 and 3.737) Operating Limitations and Information: General § 23.1523 Minimum flight crew § 23.1525 (3.750) Kinds of operation § 23.1529 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness § 23.1541 (3.755) Markings and Placards: General § 23.1543 (3.756) Instrument markings: General § 23.1545 (3.757) Airspeed indicator § 23.1549 (3.759) Powerplant and auxiliary power unit instruments 8 23.1551 (3.760) Oil quantity indicator § 23.1553 (3.761) Fuel quantity indicator § 23.1555 (3.762) Control markings § 23.1559 (3.772) Operating limitations placard § 23.1581 (3.777) Airplane Flight Manual and Approved Manual Material: General § 23.1583 (3.761 and 3.778) Operating limitations § 23.1585 Operating procedures § 91.205 Powered civil aircraft with standard category U.S.
airworthiness certificates: Instrument and equipment requirements § 121.305 Flight and navigational equipment § 135.149 Equipment requirements: General § 135.159 Equipment requirements: Carrying passengers under Visual Flight Rules (VFR) at night or under VFR over-the-top conditions § 135.163 Equipment requirements: Aircraft carrying passengers under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)
3.2 Advisory Circulars and Related Documents You may access the ACs, Order, and policy statement on the FAA website: www.faa.gov. You may obtain copies of current editions of the following publications free from the U.S. Department of Transportation, Subsequent Distribution Office, M-30, Ardmore East Business Center, 3341 Q 75th Avenue, Landover, MD 20785.
AC 20-115B RTCA, Inc., RTCA/DO-178B AC 20-136 Protection of Aircraft Electrical/Electronic Systems Against the Indirect Effects of Lightning AC 20-138A Airworthiness Approval of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Equipment 2
AC 20-145 Guidance for Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) that Implement TSO-C153 Authorized Hardware Elements AC 120-64 Operational Use and Modification of Electronic Checklists AC 20-176A Guidelines for the Certification, Airworthiness, and Operational Approval of Electronic Flight Bag Computing Devices AC 21-16D RTCA Document DO-160D AC 23-15A Small Airplane Certification Compliance Program AC 23-17B Systems and Equipment Guide for Certification of Part 23 Airplanes AC 23-18 Installation of Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) Approved for Part 23 Airplanes AC 23-23 Standardization Guide For Integrated Cockpits In Part 23 Airplanes AC 23.1309-1C Equipment, Systems, and Installations in Part 23 Airplanes AC 25-11 Transport Category Airplane Electronic Display Systems AC 91-75 Attitude Indicator Order 8110.49 Software Approval Guidelines, dated June 3, 2003 PS-ACE100-2001-004 Guidance for Reviewing Certification Plans to Address Human Factors for Certification of Part 23 Small Airplanes NOTE: You may access the ACs on the FAA website: www.faa.gov. You may purchase current editions of the following ACs from the Superintendent of Documents, Post Office Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. Make check or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents.
AC 20-88A Guidelines on the Marking of Aircraft Powerplant Instruments (Displays) AC 23-8B Flight Test Guide for Certification of Part 23 Airplanes 3
DOT/FAA/CT-03/05 Human Factors Design Standards for Acquisition of Commercial Off-The-Shelf Subsystems, Non- Developmental Items, and Developmental Systems. You may access this document on the FAA website:
www.hf.faa.gov.
DOT/FAA/OAM-TM-03-01 Multi-Function Displays A Guide for Human Factors Evaluations DOT/FAA/AAR-95/3 FAA Aircraft Certification Human Factors and Operations Checklist for Standalone GPS Receivers ICAO 8400/5 Procedures for Air Navigation Services, ICAO Abbreviations and Codes. Fifth Edition-1999.
3.3 Technical Standard Order (TSO) You may obtain a copy of the current edition of the following publications from the Federal Aviation Administration; Aircraft Certification Service; Aircraft Engineering Division; Technical and Administrative Support Staff Branch, AIR-103; 800 Independence Avenue, SW; Washington, DC 20591 or at the FAA website: at http://www.faa.gov/certification/aircraft/TSOA.htm The following is a list of the FAA Technical Standard Orders (TSOS) that are only referenced in this AC. For a complete list of TSOs, see AC 20-110L, "Index of Aviation Technical Standards Orders" or the web site for the most current list. Applicants might apply for a TSO that does not adequately address all the functionality in the system. Alternatively, applicants may apply for multiple TSOs, since no single TSO applies to all functions.
TSO-C153 Integrated Modular Avionics Hardware Elements TSO-C157 Aircraft Flight Information Services-Broadcast (FIS-B) Data Link Systems and Equipment
3.4 Industry Documents You may obtain copies of current editions of the following publications as follows. These documents are excellent resource materials.
3.4.1 RTCA Documents The following RTCA documents are available from RTCA, Inc., Suite 805, 1828 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20036-4001 or at their website at www.rtca.org.
RTCA/DO-160D Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment 4
RTCA/DO-178B Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification RTCA/DO-187 Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Area Navigation Equipment Using Multi-Sensor Inputs RTCA/DO-200A Standards for Processing Aeronautical Data RTCA/DO-201A Standards for Aeronautical Information RTCA/DO-254 Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne Blectronic Hardware RTCA/DO-257A Minimum Operational Performance Standards for the Depiction of Navigation Information on Electronic Maps RTCA/DO-267A Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards (MASPS) for Flight Information Services-Broadcast (FIS- B) Data Link
3.4.2 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), Inc.
The following Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), Inc., documents are available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or from their website at www.sae.org.
ARP 268G Location and Actuation of Flight Deck Controls for Transport Aircraft ARP 450D Flight Deck Visual, Audible, and Tactile Signals ARP 571C Flight Deck Controls and Displays for Communication and Navigation Equipment for Transport Aircraft ARP 926B Fault/Failure Analysis Procedure ARP 1068B Flight Deck Instrumentation, Display Criteria, and Associated Controls for Transport Aircraft AIR 1093A Numeral, Letter and Symbol Dimensions for Aircraft Instrument Displays ARP 1161 Crew Station Lighting- Commercial Aircraft 5
ARP 1782 Photometric and Colorimetric Measurement Procedures for Airborne Direct View CRT Displays ARP 1834A Fault/Failure Analysis for Digital Systems and Equipment ARP 1874 Design Objectives for CRT Displays for Part 25 (Transport) Aircraft ARP 4032A Human Engineering Considerations in the Application of Color to Electronic Aircraft Displays ARP 4033 Pilot System Integration ARP 4067 Design Objectives for CRT Displays for Part 23 Aircraft ARP 4101 Flight Deck Layout and Facilities ARP 4102 Flight Deck Panels, Controls, and Displays ARP 4102/7 Electronic Displays ARP 4103 Flight Deck Lighting for Commercial Transport Aircraft ARP 4105 Abbreviations and Acronyms for Use on the Flight Deck ARP 4256 Design Objectives for Liquid Crystal Displays for Part 25 (Transport) Aircraft ARP 4260 Photometric and Colorimetric Measurement Procedures for Airborne Flat Panel Displays ARP 4754 Certification Considerations for Highly Integrated or Complex Aircraft Systems ARP 4761 Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil Airborne Systems and Equipment ARP 5287 Optical Measurement Procedures for Airborne Head-Up Display (HUD) ARP 5288 Transport Category Airplane Head Up Display (HUD) Systems ARP 5289 Electronic Aeronautical Symbols 6