Appendix 5
A5-6 Section
Title
§ 121.357 Airborne weather radar equipment requirements
§ 121.358 Low-altitude windshear system equipment requirements
§ 121.360 Ground proximity warning – glideslope deviation alerting system
§ 135.149 Equipment requirements: General
§ 135.153 Ground proximity warning system
§ 135.154 Terrain awareness and warning system
§ 135.159 Equipment requirements: Carrying passengers under visual flight rules (VFR) at night or under VFR over-the-top conditions
§ 135.163 Equipment requirements: Aircraft carrying passengers under instrument flight rules (IFR)
§ 135.180 Traffic alert and collision avoidance system
Part 135, Appendix A
Additional Airworthiness Standards for 10 or More Passenger Airplanes
Appendix 5
A5-7
2. Advisory Circulars
The ACs, Orders and policy memorandum can be accessed on the FAA website: www.faa.gov.
Copies of current editions of the following FAA publications may be obtained free of charge from the U.S. Department of Transportation, Subsequent Distribution Office, M-30, Ardmore East Business Center, 3341 Q 75th Avenue, Landover, MD 20785. Copies of RTCA and SAE documents may be obtained as described elsewhere in this Appendix.
Number
Title
AC 20-88A
Guidelines on the Marking of Aircraft
AC 20-115B
Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautic, Inc. Document RTCA/DO-178B
AC 20-129
Airworthiness Approval of Vertical Navigation (VNAV) Systems for use in the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS) and Alaska
AC 20-130A
Airworthiness Approval of Navigation or Flight Management Systems Integrating Multiple Navigation Sensors
AC 20-131A
Airworthiness approval of Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS II) and Mode S Transponders
AC 20-136 Protection of Aircraft Electrical/Electronic Systems against the Indirect Effects of Lightning
AC 20-138A
Airworthiness Approval of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Equipment
AC 20-140
Guideline for Design Approval of Aircraft Data Communications Systems
Appendix 5
A5-8 Number
Title
AC 20-145
Guidance For Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) that Implement TSO-C153 Authorized Hardware Elements
AC 20-151
Airworthiness Approval of Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS II) Version 7.0 and Associated Mode S Transponders
AC 20-152
RTCA, Inc., Document RTCA/DO-254, Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware
AC 20-155
SAE Documents to Support Aircraft Lightning Protection Certification AC 25-4
Inertial Navigation System (INS) AC 25-7A
Flight Test Guide for Certification of Transport Category Airplanes
AC 25-12
Airworthiness Criteria for the Approval of Airborne Windshear Warning Systems in Transport Category
AC 25-15
Approval of Flight Management Systems in Transport Category Airplanes
AC 25-23
Airworthiness Criteria for the Installation Approval of a Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) for Part 25 Airplanes
AC 25-24
Sustained Engine Imbalance AC 25.703-1
Takeoff Configuration warning Systems AC 25.1309-1A
System Design and Analysis AC 25.1329-1B
Approval of Flight Guidance Systems
Appendix 5
A5-9 Number
Title
AC 90-45A
Approval of Area Navigation Systems for use in the U.S. National Airspace System
AC 90-100A
U.S. Terminal and En Route Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations
AC 120-28D
Criteria for Approval of Category III Weather Minima for Takeoff, Landing, and Rollout
AC 120-29A
Criteria for Approval of Category I and Category II Weather Minima for Approach
AC 120-41
Criteria for Operational Approval of Airborne Wind Shear Alerting and Flight Guidance
AC 120-55B
Air Carrier Operational Approval and Use of
TCAS II
AC 120-64
Operational Use and Modification of Electronic Checklists
AC 120-76A
Guidelines for the Certification, Airworthiness, and Operational Approval of Electronic Flight Bag Computing Devices
3. Technical Standard Orders (TSO)
You may obtain a copy of the current edition of the following publications from the Federal Aviation Administration; Aircraft Certification Service; Aircraft Engineering Division;
Technical and Administrative Support Staff Branch, AIR-103; 800 Independence Avenue, SW;
Washington, DC 20591 or at the FAA website: www.faa.gov. The following is a partial list of the FAA TSOs that may relate to electronic displays. For a complete list of TSOs, see AC 20-110, “Index of Aviation Technical Standards Orders.” It should be noted applicants might apply for a TSO that does not adequately address all of the functionality in the system.
Applicants may also apply for multiple TSOs, since no single TSO applies to all functions.
Installers of equipment manufactured using the TSO process should ensure that the equipment was tested in an environment similar to the environment where the equipment will be installed.
Appendix 5
A5-10
PARTIAL INDEX OF TSOs THAT MAY BE APPLICABLE to
ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS Document Number Title TSO-C2d Airspeed Instruments TSO-C3d Turn and Slip Instrument TSO-C4c Bank and Pitch Instruments TSO-C5e Direction Instrument, Non-magnetic (Gyroscopically Stabilized) TSO-C6d Direction Instrument, Magnetic (Gyroscopically Stabilized) TSO-C7d Direction Instrument, Magnetic Non-Stabilized Type (Magnetic Compass) TSO-C8d Vertical Velocity Instruments (Rate-of-Climb) TSO-C9c Automatic Pilots TSO-C10b Altimeter, Pressure Actuated, Sensitive Type TSO-C31d High Frequency (HF) Radio Communications Transmitting Equipment Operating within the Radio Frequency Range of 1.5-30 Megahertz TSO-C34e ILS Glide Slope Receiving Equipment Operating within the Radio Frequency Range of 328.6-335.4 Megahertz (MHz) TSO-C35d Airborne Radio Marker Receiving Equipment TSO-C36e Airborne ILS Localizer Receiving Equipment Operating within the Radio Frequency Range of 108-112 Megahertz (MHz) TSO-C40c VOR Receiving Equipment Operating within the Radio Frequency Range of 108-117.95 Megahertz (MHz) TSO-C41d Airborne Automatic Direction Finding (ADF) Equipment TSO-C43c Temperature Instruments TSO-C44b Fuel Flowmeters
Appendix 5
A5-11 Document Number Title TSO-C46a Maximum Allowable Airspeed Indicator Systems TSO-C47 Pressure Instruments – Fuel, Oil, and Hydraulic TSO-C49b Electric Tachometer: Magnetic Drag (Indicator and Generator).
TSO-C52b Flight Director Equipment TSO-C54 Stall Warning Instruments TSO-C55 Fuel and Oil Quantity Instruments (Reciprocating Engine Aircraft) TSO-C63c Airborne Weather and Ground Mapping Pulsed Radars TSO-C66c Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Operating within the Radio Frequency Range of 960-1215 Megahertz TSO-C67 Airborne Radar Altimeter Equipment (For Air Carrier Aircraft) TSO-C87 Airborne Low-Range Radio Altimeter TSO-C92c Airborne Ground Proximity Warning Equipment TSO-C93 Airborne Interim Standard Microwave Landing System Converter Equipment TSO-C95 Mach Meters TSO-C101 Over Speed Warning Instruments TSO-C104 Microwave Landing System (MLS) Airborne Receiving Equipment TSO-C105 Optional Display Equipment for Weather and Ground Mapping Radar Indicators TSO-C106 Air Data Computer TSO-C110a Airborne Passive Thunderstorm Detection Equipment TSO-C113 Airborne Multipurpose Electronic Displays TSO-C115b Airborne Area Navigation Equipment Using Multi-Sensor Inputs
Appendix 5
A5-12 Document Number Title TSO-C117a Airborne Windshear Warning and Escape Guidance Systems for Transport Airplanes TSO-C118 Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) Airborne Equipment, TCAS I TSO-C119b Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) Airborne Equipment, TCAS II TSO-C129a Airborne Supplemental Navigation Equipment Using Global Positioning System (GPS) TSO-C145a Airborne Navigation Sensors using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented by the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) TSO-C146a Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented By the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) TSO-C147 Traffic Advisory System (TAS) Airborne Equipment TSO-C151b Terrain Awareness and Warning System TSO-C153 Integrated Modular Avionics Hardware Elements TSO-C165 Electronic Map Display Equipment for Graphical Depiction of Aircraft Position
TSO-C169 VHF Radio Communications Transceiver Equipment Operating Within the Radio Frequency Range 117.975 to 137.000 Megahertz
Appendix 5
A5-13
4. Other FAA Documents
a. FAA Orders and Policy Memorandum. These documents can be found on the FAA website at www.faa.gov.
(1) FAA Order 8110.49, Software Approval Guidelines, dated June 3, 2003.
(2) Policy Memorandum PS-ANM-03-111-18, Policy Statement on the Installation of Transport Category Airplane Flightdeck Liquid Crystal Displays, dated August 9, 2006.
(3) Policy Memorandum PS-ANM100-01-03A, Factors to Consider when Reviewing an Applicant’s Proposed Human Factors Methods of Compliance for Flight Deck Certification, dated February 7, 2003.
(4) Policy Memorandum 00-113-1034, Use of ARAC (Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee) Recommended Rulemaking not yet formally adopted by the FAA, as a basis for equivalent level of safety or exemption to Part 25, dated January 4, 2001.
b. Additional FAA guidance documents.
(1) DOT/FAA/CT-03/05, Human Factors Design Standards for Acquisition of Commercial Off-The-Shelf Subsystems, Non-Developmental Items, and Developmental Systems. This document can be accessed on the Internet at www.hf.faa.gov.
(2) DOT/FAA/CT-96/01, Human Factors Design Guide Update (Report Number DOT/FAA/CT-96/01): A Revision to Chapter 8 - Human Interface Guidelines.
This document can be a ccessed on the Internet at www.hf.faa.gov.
(3) DOT/FAA/OAM-TM-03-01, Multi-Function Displays A Guide for Human Factors Evaluations. A paper copy of this document can be ordered from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
5. ARAC Recommendations
Information about the ARAC recommendations for a new regulation § 25.1302, and revisions to the existing §§ 25.1309, 25.1322, and 25.1333(b), can be found at the following websites:
a. For new § 25.1302:
http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/rulemaking/committees/arac/media/tae/TAE_HFH _T1.pdf.
Appendix 5
A5-14
b. For revisions to existing § 25.1309:
http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/rulemaking/committees/arac/media/tae/TAE_SDA _T2.pdf.
c. For revisions to existing § 25.1322:
http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/rulemaking/committees/arac/media/tae/TAE_ASH _T4.pdf.
d. For revisions to existing § 25.1333(b):
http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/rulemaking/committees/arac/ issue_areas/tae/asm/. Section 25.1333(b) is part of the recommendations for “Task 2 - Cockpit Instrument Systems.”
6. JAA/EASA Documents
Copies of the EASA documents can be obtained from the EASA website www.EASA.eu.int/agency measures. JAA documents can be obtained from http://engineers.ihs.com.
AMC 20-4 Airworthiness Approval and Operational Criteria for the use of Navigation Systems in European Airspace Designated for Basic RNAV Operations.
AMC 20-5 Airworthiness Approval and Operational Criteria for the use of the Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS).
JAA TGL 8, Rev. 2 Certification Considerat ions for the Airborne Collision Avoidance System: ACAS II.
JAA TGL 10, Rev. 1 Airworthiness and operational approval for precision RNAV operations in designated European airspace
JAA TGL 12 Certification Considerations for the Terrain Awareness and Warning System: TAWS.
CS AWO All Weather Operations
7. Industry Documents
The following industry publications provide additional information, guidance, and standards for electronic flight deck display systems.
Appendix 5
A5-15
a. Aeronautical Radio, Inc. (ARINC) Document. The following ARINC document can be found at www.arinc.com.
TITLE ARINC Specification 661 – Cockpit Display System Interface to User System
b. European Organization for Civil Aviation Electronics (EUROCAE) documents. The EUROCAE documents are available from EUROCAE, 102 rue Etienne Dolet 92240, Malakoff, France. The documents can also be found on the Internet at www.eurocae.org.
DOCUMENT
TITLE
ED-12( )
Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification
ED-14( ) Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment
ED-55 MOPS for Flight Data Recorder Systems
ED-75( ) MASPS Required Navigation Performance for Area Navigation
ED-79 Certification Considerations for Highly Integrated or Complex Aircraft Systems
ED-80 Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware
ED-81 Certification of Aircraft Electrical/Electronic Systems for the Indirect Effects of Lightning
ED-84 Aircraft Lightning Environment and Related Test Waveform Standard
ED-90A Radio Frequency Susceptibility Test procedures
Appendix 5
A5-16
DOCUMENT
TITLE ED-91 Aircraft Lightning Zoning Standard
ED-96 Requirements Specification for an Avionics Computer Resource
ED-98 User Requirements for Terrain and Obstacle Data
ED-107 Guide for Certification of Aircraft in a High Intensity Radiated Field (HIRF) Environment
ED-112 MOPS for Crash Protected Airborne Recorder Systems
c. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Document
The following ICAO document can be found at www.icao.int/icao/en/m_publications.html.
Title International Civil Aviation Organization 8400. Procedures for Air Navigation Services ICAO Abbreviations and Codes. Sixth Edition - 2004.
d. RTCA Documents
The RTCA documents are available from RTCA, Inc., Suite 805, 1828 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20036-4001or can be ordered through their website at www.rtca.org. The list of RTCA documents does not include those MOPS documents referenced in the aforementioned TSOs.
Document Number
Title
DO-160A DO-160B DO-160C DO-160D DO-160E
Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment
DO-178B Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification
Appendix 5
A5-17 Document Number
Title
DO-236B Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards: Required Navigation Performance for Area Navigation
DO-239 Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Traffic Information Service (TIS) Data Link Communications
DO-243 Guidance for Initial Implementation of Cockpit Display of Traffic Information
DO-253A Minimum Operational Performance Standards for GPS Local Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment
DO-254 Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne
Electronic Hardware DO-255 Requirements Specification for Avionics Computer Resource (ACR)
DO-257A
Minimum Operational Performance Standards for the Depiction of Navigation Information on Electronic Maps
DO-259 Applications Descriptions for Initial Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) Applications
DO-268 , Concept of Operations, Night Vision Imaging System for Civil Operators
DO-275 Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Integrated Night Vision Imaging System Equipment
DO-282A Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for Universal Access Transceiver