561 compartment, either during or after extinguishment, unless the extinguishing system floods each such compartment simultaneously.
b. Guidance.
(1) This change required that the materials used in the cargo and baggage compartments at least meet the requirements of § 25.853(a) or (b), depending on the application of the material (which were also changed by this amendment). The standards in amended §§ 25.853(a) and (b) were believed to represent the most advanced technology then available in the design area.
(Amendment 25-15)
(2) Paragraph (e) Refer to AC 25-9A, “Smoke Detection, Penetration, and Evacuation Test, and Related Flight Manual Emergency Procedures,” dated 1/6/94. (Amendment 25-0)
(3) Note: The FAA Memorandum 00-115-16, dated September 12, 2000, titled, “Use of the Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” provides guidance for the use of the Report # DOT/FAA/CT-99/15 titled, “Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” that may be used to show compliance with, or demonstrate an equivalent level of safety to, the applicable regulations. The test methods described in the handbook are intended to be adopted in total, if they are used. That is, use of a portion of a test method from the handbook, and another portion of the test method from Appendix F, is not automatically acceptable. (Amendment 25-0)
653. AMENDMENT 25-32, Effective May 1, 1972.
a. Regulation.
[(a) Thermal and acoustic insulation (including coverings) and liners, used in each cargo and baggage compartment not occupied by passengers or crew, must be constructed of materials that at least meet the requirements set forth in § 25.853(b).
(a-1) Class B through Class E cargo or baggage compartments as defined in § 25.857, must have a liner and the liner must be constructed of materials that at least meet the requirements set forth in § 25.853(b), must be separate from (but may be attached to) the airplane structure, and must be tested at a 45° angle in accordance with the applicable portions of Appendix F of this Part or other approved equivalent methods. In the course of the 45° angle test, the flame may not penetrate (pass through) the material during application of the flame or subsequent to its removal, the average flame time after removal of the flame source may not exceed 15 seconds, and the average glow time may not exceed 10 seconds.
(a-2) Insulation blankets and cargo covers used to protect cargo in compartments not occupied by passengers or crew must be constructed of materials that at least meet the requirements of § 25.853(b), and tiedown equipment (including containers, bins, and pallets) used in each cargo and baggage compartment not occupied by
562 passengers or crew must be constructed of materials that at least meet the requirements set forth in § 25.853(b-3).]
(b) No compartment may contain any controls, wiring, lines, equipment, or accessories whose damage or failure would affect safe operation, unless those items are protected so that-
(1) They cannot be damaged by the movement of cargo in the compartment, and
(2) Their breakage or failure will not create a fire hazard.
(c) There must be means to prevent cargo or baggage from interfering with the functioning of the fire-protective features of the compartment.
(d) Sources of heat within the compartment must be shielded and insulated to prevent igniting the cargo.
(e) Cargo compartments must meet one of the class requirements of § 25.857. In addition, flight tests must be conducted to show compliance with the provisions of § 25.857 concerning-
(1) Compartment accessibility;
(2) The entry of hazardous quantities of smoke or extinguishing agent into compartments occupied by the crew or passengers, and
(3) The dissipation of the extinguishing agent in Class C compartments.
During these tests, it must be shown that no inadvertent operation of smoke or fire detectors in any compartment would occur as a result of fire contained in any one compartment, either during or after extinguishment, unless the extinguishing system floods each such compartment simultaneously.
b. Guidance.
(1) The purpose of this change was to delete the requirement for a liner in cargo compartments from § 25.857 and put it in § 25.855 and identify the requirement appropriate to Class B through E cargo and baggage compartments. Liner flame penetration for the 45-degree angle test of Appendix F was also emphasized. Also, an additional flammability test in accordance with § 25.853(b) was required for the liner. In paragraph (a-2), the reference to § 25.853(b-3) should be (b-2). Refer to § 25.853(b-2). (Amendment 25-32)
(2) Refer to AC 25-9A, “Smoke Detection, Penetration, and Evacuation Test, and Related Flight Manual Emergency Procedures,” dated 1/6/94. (Amendment 25-32)
(3) Note: The FAA Memorandum 00-115-16, dated September 12, 2000, titled, “Use of the Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” provides guidance for the use of the Report # DOT/FAA/CT-99/15 titled, “Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” that may be used to show compliance with, or demonstrate an equivalent level of safety to, the applicable regulations. The test methods described in the handbook are intended to be adopted in total, if they are used. That is, use of a portion of a test method from the handbook, and another portion of the test method from Appendix F, is not automatically acceptable. (Amendment 25-0)
654. AMENDMENT 25-60, Effective June 16, 1986
a. Regulation.
(a) Thermal and acoustic insulation (including coverings) and liners, used in each cargo and baggage compartment not occupied by passengers or crew, must be constructed of materials that at least meet the requirements set forth in § 25.853(b).
[(a-1) Class B through Class E cargo or baggage compartments as defined in § 25.857, must have a liner and the liner must be separate from (but may be attached to) the airplane structure, and must be tested as follows:
(1) Ceiling and sidewall liner panels of Class C and D compartments must meet the test requirements of Part III of Appendix F of this Part or other approved equivalent methods.
(2) Floor panels of all compartments and ceiling and sidewall liner panels of Class B and E compartments must be constructed of materials that meet at least the requirements set forth in § 25.853(b). Also, these liner panels must be tested at a 45 degree angle in accordance with the applicable portions of Part I of Appendix F of this Part or other approved equivalent methods. The flame may not penetrate (pass through) the material during application of the flame or subsequent to its removal.
The average flame time after removal of the flame source may not exceed 15 seconds, and the average glow may not exceed 10 seconds.] (a-2) Insulation blankets and cargo covers used to protect cargo in compartments not occupied by passengers or crew must be constructed of materials that at least meet the requirements of § 25.853(b), and tiedown equipment (including containers, bins, and pallets) used in each cargo and baggage compartment not occupied by passengers or crew must be constructed of materials that at least meet the requirements set forth in § 25.853(b-3).
(b) No compartment may contain any controls, wiring, lines, equipment, or accessories whose damage or failure would affect safe operation, unless those items are protected so that-
(1) They cannot be damaged by the movement of cargo in the compartment, and
(2) Their breakage or failure will not create a fire hazard.
(c) There must be means to prevent cargo or baggage from interfering with the functioning of the fire-protective features of the compartment.
(d) Sources of heat within the compartment must be shielded and insulated to prevent igniting the cargo.
(e) Cargo compartments must meet one of the class requirements of § 25.857. In addition, flight tests must be conducted to show compliance with the provisions of § 25.857 concerning-
(1) Compartment accessibility;
(2) The entry of hazardous quantities of smoke or extinguishing agent into compartments occupied by the crew or passengers, and
(3) The dissipation of the extinguishing agent in Class C compartments.
During these tests, it must be shown that no inadvertent operation of smoke or fire detectors in any compartment would occur as a result of fire contained in any one compartment, either during or after extinguishment, unless the extinguishing system floods each such compartment simultaneously.
b. Guidance.
(1) Paragraph (a-1)(1). Material constructions (panels) which meet the ceiling liner test requirements are also acceptable for use as sidewall panels. The converse is not true.
(Amendment 25-60)
(2) Paragraph (a-1)(1). The following is recommended when testing design features found in ceiling or sidewall panels: (Amendment 25-60)
(i) When testing joints and seams, position them longitudinally in the ceiling sample holder centered over the burner cone. If the seam or joint is in the sidewall, test it in the longitudinal position of the sidewall sample holder 2-inches below the sidewall top. All fastening systems should be tested similarly. (Amendment 25-60)
(ii) When testing corners, the corner should be positioned in the test fixture as it normally is in service. The test fixture may be altered slightly to accommodate this corner design feature. This will require the removal of the angle iron on the back corner of the fixture.
(Amendment 25-60)
(iii) When testing lighting fixtures or pressure-relief valves, any material forming the fire barrier should be tested as a flat sheet in the ceiling or sidewall position (depending on actual location in the cargo compartment) and treated as a liner. (Amendment 25-60)
(3) Paragraph (a-1)(2). Holes in ceiling panels used to provide access for smoke detector sampling ports should not be larger than 3/8-inch in diameter. (Amendment 25-60)
(4) Paragraph (e). Refer to AC 25-9A, “Smoke Detection, Penetration, and Evacuation Test, and Related Flight Manual Emergency Procedures,” dated 1/6/94. (Amendment 25-0)
(5) Note: The FAA Memorandum 00-115-16, dated September 12, 2000, titled, “Use of the Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” provides guidance for the use of the Report # DOT/FAA/CT-99/15 titled, “Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” that may be used to show compliance with, or demonstrate an equivalent level of safety to, the applicable regulations. The test methods described in the handbook are intended to be adopted in total, if they are used. That is, use of a portion of a test method from the handbook, and another portion of the test method from Appendix F, is not automatically acceptable. (Amendment 25-0)
655. AMENDMENT 25-72, Effective August 20, 1990.
a. Regulation.
Cargo [or baggage] compartments.
[For each cargo and baggage compartment not occupied by crew or passengers, the following apply:
(a) The compartment must meet one of the class requirements of § 25.857.
(b) Class B through E cargo or baggage compartments, as defined in § 25.857, must have a liner, and the liner must be separate from (but may be attached to) the airplane structure.
(c) Ceiling and sidewall liner panels of Class C and D compartments must meet the test requirements of Part III of Appendix F of this part or other approved equivalent methods.
(d) All other materials used in the construction of the cargo or baggage compartment must meet the applicable test criteria prescribed in Part I of Appendix F of this part or other approved equivalent methods.
(e) No compartment may contain any controls, wiring, lines, equipment, or accessories whose damage or failure would affect safe operation, unless those items are protected so that-
(1) They cannot be damaged by the movement of cargo in the compartment, and
(2) Their breakage or failure will not create a fire hazard.
(f) There must be means to prevent cargo or baggage from interfering with the functioning of the fire protective features of the compartment.
(g) Sources of heat within the compartment must be shielded and insulated to prevent igniting the cargo or baggage.
(h) Flight tests must be conducted to show compliance with the provisions of § 25.857 concerning-
(1) Compartment accessibility,
(2) The entries of hazardous quantities of smoke or extinguishing agent into compartments occupied by the crew or passengers, and
(3) The dissipation of the extinguishing agent in Class C compartments.
(i) During the above tests, it must be shown that no inadvertent operation of smoke or fire detectors in any compartment would occur as a result of fire contained in any other compartment, either during or after extinguishment, unless the extinguishing system floods each such compartment simultaneously.]
b. Guidance.
(1) Paragraph (c). Material constructions (panels) which meet the ceiling liner test requirements are also acceptable for use as sidewall panels. The converse is not true.
(Amendment 25-60)
(2) Paragraph (c). The following is recommended when testing design features found in ceiling or sidewall panels: (Amendment 25-60)
(i) When testing joints and seams, position them longitudinally in the ceiling sample holder centered over the burner cone. If the seam or joint is in the sidewall, test it in the longitudinal position of the sidewall sample holder 2-inches below the sidewall top. All fastening systems should be tested similarly. (Amendment 25-60)
(ii) When testing corners, the corner should be positioned in the test fixture as it normally is in service. The test fixture may be altered slightly to accommodate this corner design feature. This will require the removal of the angle iron on the back corner of the fixture.
(Amendment 25-60)
(iii) When testing lighting fixtures or pressure-relief valves, any material forming the fire barrier should be tested as a flat sheet in the ceiling or sidewall position (depending on actual location in the cargo compartment) and treated as a liner. (Amendment 25-60)
(3) Paragraph (c). Holes in ceiling panels used to provide access for smoke detector sampling ports should not be larger than 3/8-inch in diameter. (Amendment 25-60)
(4) Paragraph (h). Refer to AC 25-9A, “Smoke Detection, Penetration, and Evacuation Test, and Related Flight Manual Emergency Procedures,” dated 1/6/94. (Amendment 25-0)
(5) Note: The FAA Memorandum 00-115-16, dated September 12, 2000, titled, “Use of the Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” provides guidance for the use of the Report # DOT/FAA/CT-99/15 titled, “Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” that may be used to show compliance with, or demonstrate an equivalent level of safety to, the applicable regulations. The test methods described in the handbook are intended to be adopted in total, if they are used. That is, use of a portion of a test method from the handbook, and another portion of the test method from Appendix F, is not automatically acceptable. (Amendment 25-0)
656. AMENDMENT 25-93, Effective March 19, 1998.
a. Regulation.
Cargo or baggage compartments.
For each cargo and baggage compartment not occupied by crew or passengers, the following apply:
(a) The compartment must meet one of the class requirements of § 25.857.
(b) Class B through E cargo or baggage compartments, as defined in § 25.857, must have a liner, and the liner must be separate from (but may be attached to) the airplane structure.
[(c) Ceiling and sidewall liner panels of Class C compartments must meet the test requirements of Part III of Appendix F of this part or other approved equivalent methods.]
(d) All other materials used in the construction of the cargo or baggage compartment must meet the applicable test criteria prescribed in Part I of Appendix F of this part or other approved equivalent methods.
(e) No compartment may contain any controls, wiring, lines, equipment, or accessories whose damage or failure would affect safe operation, unless those items are protected so that-
(1) They cannot be damaged by the movement of cargo in the compartment, and
(2) Their breakage or failure will not create a fire hazard.
(f) There must be means to prevent cargo or baggage from interfering with the functioning of the fire protective features of the compartment.
(g) Sources of heat within the compartment must be shielded and insulated to prevent igniting the cargo or baggage.
(h) Flight tests must be conducted to show compliance with the provisions of § 25.857 concerning-
(1) Compartment accessibility,
(2) The entries of hazardous quantities of smoke or extinguishing agent into compartments occupied by the crew or passengers, and
(3) The dissipation of the extinguishing agent in Class C compartments.
(i) During the above tests, it must be shown that no inadvertent operation of smoke or fire detectors in any compartment would occur as a result of fire contained in any other compartment, either during or after extinguishment, unless the extinguishing system floods each such compartment simultaneously.
b. Guidance.
(1) Paragraph (c). Material constructions (panels) which meet the ceiling liner test requirements are also acceptable for use as sidewall panels. The converse is not true.
(Amendment 25-60)
(2) Paragraph (c). The following is recommended when testing design features found in ceiling or sidewall panels: (Amendment 25-60)
(i) When testing joints and seams, position them longitudinally in the ceiling sample holder centered over the burner cone. If the seam or joint is in the sidewall, test it in the longitudinal position of the sidewall sample holder 2-inches below the sidewall top. All fastening systems should be tested similarly. (Amendment 25-60)
(ii) When testing corners, the corner should be positioned in the test fixture as it normally is in service. The test fixture may be altered slightly to accommodate this corner design feature. This will require the removal of the angle iron on the back corner of the fixture.
(Amendment 25-60)
(iii) When testing lighting fixtures or pressure-relief valves, any material forming the fire barrier should be tested as a flat sheet in the ceiling or sidewall position (depending on actual location in the cargo compartment) and treated as a liner. (Amendment 25-60)
(3) Paragraph (c). Holes in ceiling panels used to provide access for smoke detector sampling ports should not be larger than 3/8-inch in diameter. (Amendment 25-60)
(4) Paragraph (h). Refer to AC 25-9A, “Smoke Detection, Penetration, and Evacuation Test, and Related Flight Manual Emergency Procedures,” dated 1/6/94. (Amendment 25-0)
(5) Note: The FAA Memorandum 00-115-16, dated September 12, 2000, titled, “Use of the Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” provides guidance for the use of the Report # DOT/FAA/CT-99/15 titled, “Aircraft Fire Test Handbook” that may be used to show compliance with, or demonstrate an equivalent level of safety to, the applicable regulations. The test methods described in the handbook are intended to be adopted in total, if they are used. That is, use of a portion of a test method from the handbook, and another portion of the test method from Appendix F, is not automatically acceptable. (Amendment 25-0) 657 - 660. [RESERVED]
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571 SECTION 25.856 THERMAL/ACOUSTIC INSULATION MATERIALS
661. Section 25.856 Did Not Exist Prior to Amendment 25-111.
662. AMENDMENT 25-111, Effective September 2, 2003.
a. Regulation.
[Thermal/Acoustic Insulation materials.] [(a) Thermal/acoustic insulation material installed in the fuselage must meet the flame propagation test requirements of part VI of Appendix F to this part, or other approved equivalent test requirements. This requirement does not apply to "small parts," as defined in part I of Appendix F of this part.
(b) For airplanes with a passenger capacity of 20 or greater, thermal/acoustic insulation materials (including the means of fastening the materials to the fuselage) installed in the lower half of the airplane fuselage must meet the flame penetration resistance test requirements of part VII of Appendix F to this part, or other approved equivalent test requirements. This requirement does not apply to thermal/acoustic insulation installations that the FAA finds would not contribute to fire penetration resistance.]
b. Guidance.
(1) Paragraph (a). Refer to AC 25.856-1, “Thermal/Acoustic insulation flame propagation test method details” dated 6/24/05 for guidance.
(2) Paragraph (b). Refer to AC 25.856-2, “Installation of thermal/acoustic insulation for burnthrough protection” dated 1/17/06 for guidance.
663-670. [RESERVED]