618 exceeding the normal capacity ratings of all the rafts combined. In addition, for that same desired occupancy, the loss of the largest rated raft is assumed. In that event, the same occupancy must be accommodated in the remaining rafts without exceeding the overload capacity ratings of all the remaining rafts combined. Therefore, the minimum number of life rafts is two since an airplane with only one life raft can not comply with this requirement.
(Amendment 25-0)
(3) Paragraph (b)(2). The trailing line is for tying rafts together. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The trailing line is referred to as the heaving-trailing line.
(Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.3 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and with a tensile strength of not less than 250 lbs containing a floatable device of suitable size and weight, shall be located on the main flotation tube(s) near the sea anchor attachment and shall be accessible from either side of the raft. (Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the trailing line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.9 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and at least 250 lbs strength must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the slide/raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.4 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length for Type I rafts and not less than 35 feet in length for Type II rafts, and at least 250 lbs strength, must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the raft. A heaving-trailing line must be accessible in any inflated position of a reversible life raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(4) Paragraph (b)(2). The static line is for keeping the life raft or slide/raft near the airplane for boarding after the unit is launched or disconnected from the girt. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The static line is referred to as the mooring line. (Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.1 “RAFT MOORING LINE.” A suitable mooring line with a wet breaking strength of 450-550 lbs and with a minimum length of 20 feet shall be provided. One end shall be attached to the raft at the point of intersection of the tubes on the
619 outer periphery of the raft with the rest of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 4.2.8 below). The strength of the attachment of the raft shall be in excess of the strength of the line.
(Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the static line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to the slide/raft. The mooring line must be capable of keeping the slide/raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the slide/raft or cause the slide/raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the slide/raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to one end of the raft, with the remainder of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 5.2). The mooring line must be capable of keeping the raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the raft or cause the raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(5) Paragraph (d). Part 37 has been eliminated, therefore the standard the emergency locator transmitter (ELT) shall meet is TSO-C91. (Amendment 25-29)
843. AMENDMENT 25-52, Effective September 9, 1980.
a. Regulation.
(a) Ditching equipment used in airplanes to be certificated for ditching under § 25.801, and operated under the operating rules of this chapter, must meet the requirements of this section.
(b) Each liferaft and each life preserver must be approved. In addition-
(1) Unless excess rafts of enough capacity are provided, the buoyancy and seating capacity beyond the rated capacity of the rafts must accommodate all occupants of the airplane in the event of a loss of one raft of the largest rated capacity; and
(2) Each raft must have a trailing line, and must have a static line designed to hold the raft near the airplane but to release it if the airplane becomes totally submerged.
(c) Approved survival equipment must be attached to each liferaft.
(d) There must be a survival type emergency locator transmitter that meets the applicable requirements of [TSO-C91] for use in one life raft.
(e) For airplanes not certificated for ditching under § 25.801 and not having approved life preservers, there must be an approved flotation means for each occupant. This means must be within easy reach of each seated occupant and must be readily removable from the airplane.
b. Guidance.
(1) Paragraph (b). If a TSO-C70 liferaft is used, in order to be considered approved for use on transport category airplanes, the liferaft must be approved as a Type I liferaft per TSO- C70 (or later revision) or equivalent. (Amendment 25-0)
(2) Paragraph (b)(1). The determination of life raft requirements in this regard is based on the desired occupancy (crew and passengers), and the normal and overload ratings of the rafts. For a given desired occupancy, all occupants must be accommodated in the rafts without exceeding the normal capacity ratings of all the rafts combined. In addition, for that same desired occupancy, the loss of the largest rated raft is assumed. In that event, the same occupancy must be accommodated in the remaining rafts without exceeding the overload capacity ratings of all the remaining rafts combined. Therefore, the minimum number of life rafts is two since an airplane with only one life raft can not comply with this requirement.
(Amendment 25-0)
(3) Paragraph (b)(2). The trailing line is for tying rafts together. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The trailing line is referred to as the heaving-trailing line.
(Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.3 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and with a tensile strength of not less than 250 lbs containing a floatable device of suitable size and weight, shall be located on the main flotation tube(s) near the sea anchor attachment and shall be accessible from either side of the raft. (Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the trailing line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.9 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and at least 250 lbs strength must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the slide/raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.4 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length for Type I rafts and not less than 35
621 feet in length for Type II rafts, and at least 250 lbs strength, must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the raft. A heaving-trailing line must be accessible in any inflated position of a reversible life raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(4) Paragraph (b)(2). The static line is for keeping the life raft or slide/raft near the airplane for boarding after the unit is launched or disconnected from the girt. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The static line is referred to as the mooring line. (Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.1 “RAFT MOORING LINE.” A suitable mooring line with a wet breaking strength of 450-550 lbs and with a minimum length of 20 feet shall be provided. One end shall be attached to the raft at the point of intersection of the tubes on the outer periphery of the raft with the rest of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 4.2.8 below). The strength of the attachment of the raft shall be in excess of the strength of the line.
(Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the static line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to the slide/raft. The mooring line must be capable of keeping the slide/raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the slide/raft or cause the slide/raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the slide/raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to one end of the raft, with the remainder of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 5.2). The mooring line must be capable of keeping the raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the raft or cause the raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(5) Paragraph (c). Refer to AC 120-47, “Survival Equipment for Use in Overwater Operations,” dated 6/12/87. (Amendment 25-52)
(6) Paragraph (d). Note: an equivalent level of safety finding is required to use TSO- C91a equipment in lieu of TSO-C91 equipment to meet this regulation. (Amendment 25-52)
844. AMENDMENT 25-72, Effective August 20, 1990.
a. Regulation.
[(a) Ditching equipment used in airplanes to be certificated for ditching under § 25.801, and required by the operating rules of this chapter, must meet the requirements of this section.]
(b) Each liferaft and each life preserver must be approved. In addition-
(1) Unless excess rafts of enough capacity are provided, the buoyancy and seating capacity beyond the rated capacity of the rafts must accommodate all occupants of the airplane in the event of a loss of one raft of the largest rated capacity; and
(2) Each raft must have a trailing line, and must have a static line designed to hold the raft near the airplane but to release it if the airplane becomes totally submerged.
(c) Approved survival equipment must be attached to each liferaft.
(d) There must be a survival type emergency locator transmitter that meets the applicable requirements of TSO-C91 for use in one life raft.
(e) For airplanes not certificated for ditching under § 25.801 and not having approved life preservers, there must be an approved flotation means for each occupant. This means must be within easy reach of each seated occupant and must be readily removable from the airplane.
b. Guidance.
(1) Paragraph (b). If a TSO-C70 liferaft is used, in order to be considered approved for use on transport category airplanes, the liferaft must be approved as a Type I liferaft per TSO- C70 (or later revision) or equivalent. (Amendment 25-0)
(2) Paragraph (b)(1). The determination of life raft requirements in this regard is based on the desired occupancy (crew and passengers), and the normal and overload ratings of the rafts. For a given desired occupancy, all occupants must be accommodated in the rafts without exceeding the normal capacity ratings of all the rafts combined. In addition, for that same desired occupancy, the loss of the largest rated raft is assumed. In that event, the same occupancy must be accommodated in the remaining rafts without exceeding the overload capacity ratings of all the remaining rafts combined. Therefore, the minimum number of life rafts is two since an airplane with only one life raft can not comply with this requirement.
(3) In order to be considered approved for use on transport category airplanes, the liferaft must be approved as a Type I liferaft per TSO-C70 (current version) or equivalent.
(Amendment 25-0)
(4) Paragraph (b)(2). The trailing line is for tying rafts together. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The trailing line is referred to as the heaving-trailing line.
(Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.3 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and with a tensile strength of not less than 250 lbs containing a floatable device of suitable size and weight, shall be located on the main flotation tube(s) near the sea anchor attachment and shall be accessible from either side of the raft. (Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the trailing line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.9 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and at least 250 lbs strength must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the slide/raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.4 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length for Type I rafts and not less than 35 feet in length for Type II rafts, and at least 250 lbs strength, must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the raft. A heaving-trailing line must be accessible in any inflated position of a reversible life raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(5) Paragraph (b)(2). The static line is for keeping the life raft or slide/raft near the airplane for boarding after the unit is launched or disconnected from the girt. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The static line is referred to as the mooring line. (Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.1 “RAFT MOORING LINE.” A suitable mooring line with a wet breaking strength of 450-550 lbs and with a minimum length of 20 feet shall be provided. One end shall be attached to the raft at the point of intersection of the tubes on the outer periphery of the raft with the rest of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 4.2.8 below). The strength of the attachment of the raft shall be in excess of the strength of the line.
(Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the static line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to the slide/raft. The mooring line must be capable of keeping the slide/raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the slide/raft or cause the slide/raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of
624 the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the slide/raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to one end of the raft, with the remainder of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 5.2). The mooring line must be capable of keeping the raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the raft or cause the raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(6) Paragraph (c). Refer to AC 120-47, “Survival Equipment for Use in Overwater Operations,” dated 6/12/87. (Amendment 25-52)
(7) Paragraph (d). Note: an equivalent level of safety finding is required to use TSO- C91a equipment in lieu of TSO-C91 equipment to meet this regulation. (Amendment 25-52)
845. AMENDMENT 25-82, Effective June 21, 1994.
a. Regulation.
(a) Ditching equipment used in airplanes to be certificated for ditching under § 25.801, and required by the operating rules of this chapter, must meet the requirements of this section.
(b) Each life raft and each life preserver must be approved. In addition-
(1) Unless excess rafts of enough capacity are provided, the buoyancy and seating capacity beyond the rated capacity of the rafts must accommodate all occupants of the airplane in the event of a loss of one raft of the largest rated capacity; and
(2) Each raft must have a trailing line, and must have a static line designed to hold the raft near the airplane but to release it if the airplane becomes totally submerged.
(c) Approved survival equipment must be attached to each life raft.
[(d) There must be an approved survival type emergency locator transmitter for use in one life raft.]
(e) For airplanes not certificated for ditching under § 25.801 and not having approved life preservers, there must be an approved flotation means for each occupant. This means must be within easy reach of each seated occupant and must be readily removable from the airplane.
b. Guidance.
(1) Paragraph (b). If a TSO-C70 liferaft is used, in order to be considered approved for use on transport category airplanes, the liferaft must be approved as a Type I liferaft per TSO- C70 (or later revision) or equivalent. (Amendment 25-0)
(2) Paragraph (b)(1). The determination of life raft requirements in this regard is based on the desired occupancy (crew and passengers), and the normal and overload ratings of the rafts. For a given desired occupancy, all occupants must be accommodated in the rafts without exceeding the normal capacity ratings of all the rafts combined. In addition, for that same desired occupancy, the loss of the largest rated raft is assumed. In that event, the same occupancy must be accommodated in the remaining rafts without exceeding the overload capacity ratings of all the remaining rafts combined. Therefore, the minimum number of life rafts is two since an airplane with only one life raft can not comply with this requirement.
(Amendment 25-0)
(3) Paragraph (b)(2). The trailing line is for tying rafts together. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The trailing line is referred to as the heaving-trailing line.
(Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.3 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and with a tensile strength of not less than 250 lbs containing a floatable device of suitable size and weight, shall be located on the main flotation tube(s) near the sea anchor attachment and shall be accessible from either side of the raft. (Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the trailing line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.9 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length and at least 250 lbs strength must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the slide/raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.4 “HEAVING-TRAILING LINE.” At least one floating heaving-trailing line not less than 75 feet in length for Type I rafts and not less than 35 feet in length for Type II rafts, and at least 250 lbs strength, must be located on the main flotation tube near the sea anchor attachment. The attach point of the line must withstand a pull of not less than 1.5 times the line rated strength without damage to the raft. A heaving-trailing line must be accessible in any inflated position of a reversible life raft. (Amendment 25-0)
(4) Paragraph (b)(2). The static line is for keeping the life raft or slide/raft near the airplane for boarding after the unit is launched or disconnected from the girt. The following are quoted from the applicable TSOs. The static line is referred to as the mooring line. (Amendment 25-0)
(i) TSO-C12c. Paragraph 4.2.1 “RAFT MOORING LINE.” A suitable mooring line with a wet breaking strength of 450-550 lbs and with a minimum length of 20 feet shall be provided. One end shall be attached to the raft at the point of intersection of the tubes on the outer periphery of the raft with the rest of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 4.2.8 below). The strength of the attachment of the raft shall be in excess of the strength of the line.
(Amendment 25-0) (A) NOTE: This line is considered as being the static line required by CAR 4b.645(a) (Section 25.1415(b)(2) of the CFR).
(ii) TSO-C69a. Paragraph 4.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to the slide/raft. The mooring line must be capable of keeping the slide/raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the slide/raft or cause the slide/raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the slide/raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(iii) TSO-C70a. Paragraph 5.10 “MOORING LINE.” A nonrotting mooring line at least 20 feet in length must be attached at one end to one end of the raft, with the remainder of the line held flaked to the carrying case (Refer to 5.2). The mooring line must be capable of keeping the raft, loaded to maximum rated capacity, attached to a floating aircraft, and not endanger the raft or cause the raft to spill occupants if the aircraft sinks. The line may be equipped with a mechanical release linkage. The breaking strength of the line must be at least 500 lbs, or 40 times the rated capacity of the raft, whichever is greater, but need not exceed 1,000 lbs. (Amendment 25-0)
(5) Paragraph (c). Refer to AC 120-47, “Survival Equipment for Use in Overwater Operations,” dated 6/12/87. (Amendment 25-52) 846 - 880. [RESERVED]
627 SECTION 25.1421 MEGAPHONES
881. Section 25.1421 Did Not Exist Prior to Amendment 25-41.
882. AMENDMENT 25-41, Effective September 1, 1977.
a. Regulation.
If a megaphone is installed, a restraining means must be provided that is capable of restraining the megaphone when it is subjected to the ultimate inertia forces specified in § 25.561(b)(3).
b. Guidance.
The location of the megaphone and the operation of the restraint means should still allow for quick and easy release of the megaphone in accordance with § 25.1411. (Amendment 25-41) 883 - 900. [RESERVED]
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629 SECTION 25.1423 PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
901. Section 25.1423 Did Not Exist Prior to Amendment 25-70.
902. AMENDMENT 25-70, Effective November 27, 1989.
a. Regulation.
[Public address system.] [A public address system required by this chapter must be powerable, in flight or stopped on the ground, after the shutdown or failure of all engines and auxiliary power units, or the disconnection or failure of all power sources dependent on their continued operation, for-
(a) A time duration of at least 10 minutes, including an aggregate time duration of at least 5 minutes of announcements made by flight and cabin crewmembers, considering all other loads which may remain powered by the same source when all other power sources are inoperative; and
(b) An additional time duration in its standby state appropriate or required for any other loads that are powered by the same source and that are essential to safety of flight or required during emergency conditions.]
b. Guidance.
(1) Refer to § 25.1411(a)(2) at this amendment level. (Amendment 25-70)
903. AMENDMENT 25-79, Effective September 27, 1993.
a. Regulation.
[A public address system required by this chapter must-
(a) Be powerable when the aircraft is in flight or stopped on the ground, after the shutdown or failure of all engines and auxiliary power units, or the disconnection or failure of all power sources dependent on their continued operation, for--
(1) A time duration of at least 10 minutes, including an aggregate time duration of at least 5 minutes of announcements made by flight and cabin crewmembers, considering all other loads which may remain powered by the same source when all other power sources are inoperative; and
(2) An additional time duration in its standby state appropriate or required for any other loads that are powered by the same source and that are essential to safety of flight or required during emergency conditions.