SECTION 17. CONTROL SYSTEMS (continued) Page No.
289. FAR 27.695 Power Boost and Power-Operated Control System ... 356
290.-297. RESERVED SECTION 18. LANDING GEAR
298. FAR 27.723 Shock Absorption Tests. .. 367
299. FAR 27.725 Limit Drop Test.. . 370
300. FAR 27.727 Reserve Energy Absorption Drop Test. .. 370 300A. FAR 27.727 Reserve Energy Absorption Drop Test.. ... 371
301. FAR 27.729 Retracting Mechanism ... 371
302. FAR 27.731 Wheels .. .. 374
303. FAR 27.733 Tires. 375
304. FAR 27.735 Brakes. 376
305. FAR 27.737 Skis 378
306.-315. RESERVED SECTION 19. FLOATS AND HULLS
316. FAR 27.751 Main Float Buoyancy 390
317. FAR 27.753 Main Float Design .. 390
318. FAR 27.755 Hulls. 391
319.-329. RESERVED SECTION 20. PERSONNEL AND CARGO ACCOMMODATIONS FAR 27.771 Pilot Compartment. ,404 FAR 27.773 Pilot Compartment View .405 FAR 27.775 Windshields and Windows. .410 332A. FAR 27.775 Windshields and Windows. .410 FAR 27.777 Cockpit Controls.. .410 FAR 27.779 Motion and Effect of Cockpit Controls ... ..411 FAR 27.783 Doors .414 335A. FAR 27.783 Doors .. .416
336. FAR 27.785 Seats, Berths, Safety Belts, and Harnesses .416 336A. FAR 27.785 Seats, Berths, Safety Belts, and Harnesses . 420
337. FAR 27.787 Cargo and Baggage Compartments.. . 422 337A. FAR 27.787 Cargo and Baggage Compartments. .424
338. FAR 27.801 Ditching. 424
339. RESERVED
340. FAR 27.807 Emergency Exits. 433 340A. FAR 27.807 Emergency Exits 434 VIlI
SECTION 20. PERSONNEL AND CARGO ACCOMODATIONS (continued) Page No.
341.-344. RESERVED
345. FAR 27.831 Ventilation 439
346. FAR 27.833 Heaters .. .440
347.-356. RESERVED SECTION 21. FIRE PROTECTION
357. RESERVED
FAR 27.853 Compartment Interiors454
FAR 27.855 Cargo and Baggage Compartments .455
360. FAR 27.859 Heating Systems.. 456
361. FAR 27.861 Fire Protection of Structure, Controls, and Other Parts. 460 361A. FAR 27.861 Fire Protection of Structure, Controls, and Other Parts 462
362. FAR 27.863 Flammable Fluid Fire Protection 463
363.-372. RESERVED SECTION 22. EXTERNAL LOAD ATTACHING MEANS
373. FAR 27.865 External Load Attaching Means. 475 373A. FAR 27.865 External Load Attaching Means 476
374.-383. RESERVED SECTION 23. MISCELLANEOUS (DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION)
384. FAR 27.871 Leveling Marks.. .487
385. FAR 27.873 Ballast Provisions.. 487
386.-396. RESERVED SECTION 24. POWERPLANT - GENERAL
397. FAR 27.901 Installation.. .. 500 397A. FAR 27.901 Installation.. 503
398. FAR 27.903 Engines.. .. 504 398A. FAR 27.903 Engines... .506
399. FAR 27.907 Engine Vibration.... . 508
400.-420. RESERVED IX
SECTION 25, ROTOR DRIVE SYSTEM Page No.
421. FAR 27.917 Design. .. 530
422. FAR 27.921 Rotor Brake.. 531
423. FAR 27.923 Rotor Drive System and Control Mechanism Tests 532 423A. FAR 27.923 Rotor Drive System and Control Mechanism Tests 537 423B. FAR 27.923 Rotor Drive System and Control Mechanism Tests 538
424. FAR 27.927 Additional Tests.. 539 424A. FAR 27.927 Additional Tests.. 541
425. FAR 27.931 Shafting Critical Speeds541
426. FAR 27.935 Shafting Joints... 546
427. FAR 27.939 Turbine Engine Operating Characteristics 546
428.-445. RESERVED SECTION 26, FUEL SYSTEM
446. FAR 27.951 General 567
447. FAR 27.952 Fuel System Crash Resistance 569
448. FAR 27.953 Fuel System Independence. 595
449. FAR 27.954 Fuel System Lightning Protection 596
450. FAR 27.955 Fuel Flow... 597 450A. FAR 27.955 Fuel Flow. 601
451. RESERVED
452. FAR 27.959 Unusable Fuel Supply. 605
453. FAR 27.961 Fuel System Hot Weather Operation 605 453A. FAR 27.961 Fuel System Hot Weather Operation 607
454. FAR 27.963 Fuel Tanks: General.. . 607 454A. FAR 27.963 Fuel Tanks: General . 608 454B. FAR 27.963 Fuel Tanks: General . 608
455. FAR 27.965 Fuel Tank Tests . 609
456. FAR 27.967 Fuel Tank Installation.. . 610
457. FAR 27.969 Fuel Tank Expansion Space . 612 457A. FAR 27.969 Fuel Tank Expansion Space ..613
458. FAR 27.971 Fuel Tank Sump.... ..613 458A. FAR 27.971 Fuel Tank Sump.. . 614
459. FAR 27.973 Fuel Tank Filler Connection.. .. 615 459A. FAR 27.973 Fuel Tank Filler Connection ..615
460. FAR 27.975 Fuel Tank Vents.. 616 460A. FAR 27.975 Fuel Tank Vents. .618 460B. FAR 27.975 Fuel Tank Vents. ..618
461. FAR 27.977 Fuel Tank Outlet. ..619
462.-482. RESERVED
SECTION 27, FUEL SYSTEM COMPONENTS Page No.
483. FAR 27.991 Fuel Pumps. .. 641 483A. FAR 27.991 Fuel Pumps.. 642
484. FAR 27.993 Fuel System Lines and Fittings 642
485. FAR 27.995 Fuel Valves. 643
486. FAR 27.997 Fuel Strainer or Filter.. .. 643 486A. FAR 27.997 Fuel Strainer or Filter. … 644
487. FAR 27.999 Fuel System Drains.. ..645 487A. FAR 27.999 Fuel System Drains.. 646
488.-497. RESERVED SECTION 28. OIL ŞYSTEM
498. FAR 27.1011 General 657
499. FAR 27.1013 Oil Tanks. 657
500. FAR 27.1015 Oil Tank Tests. 658
501. FAR 27.1017 Oil Lines and Fittings.. 659
502. FAR 27.1019 Oil Strainer or Filter 659 502A. FAR 27.1019 Oil Strainer or Filter 660
503. FAR 27.1021 Oil System Drains.. 661
504. FAR 27.1027 Transmission and Gearboxes: General 661
505.-515. RESERVED SECTION 29. COOLING
516. FAR 27.1041 General ..674 516A. FAR 27.1041 General 676
517. FAR 27.1043 Cooling Tests. 676
518. FAR 27.1045 Cooling Test Procedures 679 518A. FAR 27.1045 Cooling Test Procedures 680
519.-530. RESERVED SECTION 30. INDUCTION SYSTEM
531. FAR 27.1091 Air Induction.. .. 693 531A. FAR 27.1091 Air Induction.. .. 694
532. FAR 27.1093 Induction System Icing Protection.. .. 694 532A. FAR 27.1093 Induction System Icing Protection .706
533.-547. RESERVED XI
SECTION 31. EXHAUST SYSTEM Page No.
548. FAR 27.1121 General.. 722
549. FAR 27.1123 Exhaust Piping .. 723
550.-560. RESERVED SECTION 32. POWERPLANT CONTROLS AND ACCESSORIES
561. FAR 27.1141 Powerplant Controls: General 737 561A. FAR 27.1141 Powerplant Controls: General 738
562. RESERVED
563. FAR 27.1143 Engine Controls. 740 563A. FAR 27.1143 Engine Controls. 740 563B. FAR 27.1143 Engine Controls. 741
564. FAR 27.1145 Ignition Switches 741
565. FAR 27.1147 Mixture Controls 742
566.-567. RESERVED
568. FAR 27.1151 Rotor Brake Controls .745
569. FAR 27.1163 Powerplant Accessories 746
570.-583. RESERVED SECTION 33. POWERPLANT FIRE PROTECTION
584. RESERVED
585. FAR 27.1183 Lines, Fittings, and Components. 764
586. FAR 27.1185 Flammable Fluids. 764
587. FAR 27.1187 Ventilation 766
588. FAR 27.1189 Shutoff Means. 767
589. FAR 27.1191 Firewalls 768
590. FAR 27.1193 Cowling and Engine Compartment Covering. 772 590A. FAR 27.1193 Cowling and Engine Compartment Covering 773
591. FAR 27.1194 Other Surtaces. 774
592. FAR 27.1195 Fire Detector Systems... .775
593.-616. RESERVED SECTION 34. EQUIPMENT - GENERAL
617. FAR 27.1301 Function and Installation .. 804
618. FAR 27.1303 Flight and Navigation Instruments.. ..804
619. FAR 27.1305 Powerplant Instruments. ..805 619A. FAR 27.1305 Powerplant Instruments.. .. 806 619B. FAR 27.1305 Powerplant Instruments.. .. 806
620. FAR 27.1307 Miscellaneous Equipment ..807 XII
SECTION 34. EQUIPMENT - GENERAL (continued) Page No.
621. FAR 27.1309 Equipment, Systems, and Installations 808
622.-631. RESERVED SECTION 35. INSTRUMENTS - INSTALLATION FAR 27.1321 Arrangement and Visibility. .. 836
633. FAR 27.1322 Warning, Caution, and Advisory Lights. 836 FAR 27.1323 Airspeed Indicating System .. 839
635. FAR 27.1325 Static Pressure Systems 840
636. FAR 27.1327 Magnetic Direction Indicator 841
637. FAR 27.1329 Automatic Pilot System 842
638.-639. RESERVED
640. FAR 27.1335 Flight Director Systems. ... 852
641. FAR 27.1337 Powerplant Instruments.. 853 641A. FAR 27.1337 Powerplant Instruments.. 854
642.-651. RESERVED SECTION 36. ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
652. FAR 27.1351 General. ... 866
653. FAR 27.1353 Storage Battery Design and Installation. 868
654. RESERVED
655. FAR 27.1357 Circuit Protective Devices .. 871
656.-657. RESERVED
658. FAR 27.1361 Master Switch .. 875
659. FAR 27.1365 Electric Cables ..875
660. FAR 27.1367 Switches. 877
661.-667. RESERVED SECTION 37. LIGHTS
668. FAR 27.1381 Instrument Lights.. .. 885
669. FAR 27.1383 Landing Lights.. .. 885
670. FAR 27.1385 Position Light System Installation.. 886
671. FAR 27.1387 Position Light System Dihedral Angles.. . 886
672. FAR 27.1389 Position Light Distribution and Intensities. .. 886
673. FAR 27.1391 Minimum Intensities in the Horizontal.. .. 886 Plane of Forward and Rear Position Lights
674. FAR 27.1393 Minimum Intensities in Any Vertical.. .. 886 Plane of Forward and Rear Position Lights XIII
SECTION 37. LIGHTS (continued) Page No.
675. FAR 27.1395 Maximum Intensities In Overlapping. 886 Beams of Forward and Rear Position Lights
676. FAR 27.1397 Color Specifications. 886
677. FAR 27.1399 Riding Light.. . 886
678. FAR 27.1401 Anti-collision Light System 888
679.-688. RESERVED SECTION 38. SAFETY EQUIPMENT
689. FAR 27.1411 General.. 899
690. FAR 27.1413 Safety Belts. 901
691. FAR 27.1415 Ditching Equipment 902
RESERVED FAR 27.1419 Ice Protection 905
694.-701. RESERVED SECTION 39. MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
702.-703. RESERVED
704. FAR 27.1435 Hydraulic Systems 933
705. RESERVED
706. FAR 27.1457 Cockpit Voice Recorder 937
707. FAR 27.1459 Flight Recorders 938
708. FAR 27.1461 Equipment Containing High Energy Rotors 941
709.-717. RESERVED SECTION 40. OPERATING LIMITATIONS
718. FAR 27.1501 General.. 951
719. FAR 27.1503 Airspeed Limitations: General. 951
720. FAR 27.1505 Never-Exceed Speed ..... . 954
721. FAR 27.1509 Rotor Speed.. 956
722. RESERVED
723. FAR 27.1519 Weight and Center of Gravity .. 960
724. FAR 27.1521 Powerplant Limitations .. . 960 724A. FAR 27.1521 Powerplant Limitations ... 961 724B. FAR 27.1521 Powerplant Limitations .. . 962
725. RESERVED
726. FAR 27.1523 Minimum Flightcrew ...... . 965
727. FAR 27.1525 Kinds of Operations969
728. FAR 27.1527 Maximum Operating Altitude 969 XIV
SECTION 40. OPERATING LIMITATIONS (continued) Page No.
729. FAR 27.1529 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness .. 970 (Maintenance Manual) 729A. FAR 27.1529 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness .. 972 (Maintenance Manual)
730.-739. RESERVED SECTION 41. MARKINGS AND PLACARDS
740. FAR 27.1541 General. 983
741. FAR 27.1543 Instrument Markings: General 983
742. FAR 27.1545 Airspeed Indicator .. 983
743. FAR 27.1547 Magnetic Direction Indicator 983
744. FAR 27.1549 Powerplant Instruments. 983
745. FAR 27.1551 Oil Quantity Indicators .. 983
746. FAR 27.1553 Fuel Quantity Indicator .. 984 747 FAR 27.1555 Control Markings. 985
748. FAR 27.1557 Miscellaneous Markings and Placards. 986
749. FAR 27.1559 Limitations Placard.. 987
750. FAR 27.1561 Safety Equipment 989
751. FAR 27.1565 Tail Rotor.. 989
752.-761. RESERVED SECTION 42. ROTORCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL
762. FAR 27.1581 General. 1001
763. FAR 27.1583 Operating Limitations. 1009
764. FAR 27.1585 Operating Procedures ... 1010 764A. FAR 27.1585 Operating Procedures ... 1013
765. FAR 27.1587 Performance Information. 1013
766. FAR 27.1589 Loading Information 1015
767.-774. RESERVED CHAPTER 3 - MISCELLANEOUS AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS
775. § 27 Appendix B Engineering Flight Test Guide for. 1025 Normal Category Helicopters - Instrument Flight Rules
776. Certification Procedure for Rotorcraft Avionics Equipment 1046 Standardized Test Procedure for Rotorcraft DC 1062 Electrical System Tests Standardized Test Procedure for Rotorcraft Generator Cooling 1068 Annunciator Panels. .. 1070 XV
АС 27-1A 7/30/97 Chapter 3 (continued) Page No.
780. Definition of Engine Isolation Features as Applied to.. 1072 §§ 27.79(b)(2), 27.141 (b)(1), and 27.143(d)(1)
781. FAR 27.1541, 27.1543, 27.1545, and 27.1549 Instrument.. 1077 Markings 781A. FAR 27.1549 Powerplant Markings.. 1081 781B. FAR 27.1549 Powerplant Markings.. 1081
782.-783. RESERVED
784. Full Authority Digital Electronic Controls (FADEC) for .. 1084 Installations with Category A Engine Isolation
785. Agricultural Dispensing Equipment Installation 1086
786. Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Systems, Installations,. 1092 Interior Arrangements, and Equipment
787. Hour Meters or Time-in-Service Recording Devices in Rotorcraft .1110
788. Substantiation of Composite Rotorcraft Structure 1112 Appendix 1 Rotorcraft One-Engine-Inoperative (OEI) Power Assurance. A1-1 XVI
ILLUSTRATIONS The first digits in the figure or table number are the same as the related paragraph number. The digits after the hyphen are the number within the paragraph. Most figures or tables are located at the end of the related paragraph.
Figure/Table No. Title Page 58-1 H-V Requirements 71 58-2 IGE Controllability Requirements 72 58-3 Shaft Horsepower vs. Turbine Outlet 73 Temperature - Sea Level Standard Day 58-4 Uninstalled Takeoff Power Available 74 58-5 Installed Takeoff Power Available, Anti-Ice, 75 400 RPM 58-6 Power Assurance Check Chart 76 65-1 Autorotational Characteristics - Typical 87 69-1 Height-Velocity Diagram 101 69-2 Altitude/Weight Accountability 102 86-1 Static Longitudinal Stability 127 110-1 Demonstration Points 157 137-1 Load Factor Gross Weight Curve 184 140-1 Sample Yaw/Forward Speed Diagram 189 160-1 View Looking Forward 214 160-2 View Looking Forward 215 230-1 Comparison Percent of Time in Level Flight 287 XVII
Figure/Table No. Title Page 250-1 Example of Casting Load Sheet Retract 316 Actuator Support-Landing Gear 250-1 Table 1: Castings to be Static Tested for Model XYZ 318 331-1 Cockpit Visibility 409 338-1 Sea State Code - World Meteorological 431 Organization 425-1 Cantilevered Shaft, First Critical Speed 545 425-2 Shaft Between Support Bearings, First Critical 545 Speed 447-1 Static Tension and Shear Loading Modes 589 447-2 Hose Assembly Tests 590 447-3 Minimum Average and Individual Loads for Hose 591 and Hose-End Fitting Combinations 447-4 Typical Method of Breakaway Fuel Fitting Load 592 Calculations 447-5 Typical Methods of Frangible or Deformable 593 Attachment Load Calculations 447-6 Typical Methods of Frangible or Deformable 594 Attachment Load Calculations 450-1 Fuel Flow 600 516-1 Additional Cooling Test Point 675 589-1 Table of Materials and Gages Acceptable for 771 Fireproof Protective Devices with Flat Surface Geometries 637-1 Deviation Profile 848 637-2 Operational Limitation 849 XVIII
Figure/Table No. Title Page 693-1 Continuous Icing-Temperature vs. Altitude Limits 919 693-2 Intermittent Icing-Temperature vs. Altitude Limits 920 693-3 Continuous Icing-Liquid Water Content vs Drop 921 Diameter 693-4 Intermittent Icing-Liquid Water Content vs. Drop 922 Diameter 775-1 Rotorcraft Dynamic Stability Requirements for IFR 1045 780-1 Engine Isolation Rules 1076 785-1 Acceptable Ultimate Load Factor for Agricultural 1088 Dispensing Equipment Design 785-2 Sketch of Tank Pressure Test 1091 786-1 Typical Liquid Oxygen System 1108 786-2 Typical Liquid Oxygen System - Using 1109 Combination Valve APX1-1 Installed Engine Flow Capacity Check A1-9 XIX