Appendix 1 Watt — The unit of power; equal to a joule per second.
Wattmeter — An instrument for measuring electrical power.
Waveguide — A hollow, typically rectangular, metallic tube designed to carry electromagnetic energy at extremely high frequencies.
Wavy-grained wood — Wood in which the fibers collectively take the form of waves or undulations.
Welding — A materials-joining process used in making welds.
Welding rod — A form of welding filler metal, normally packaged in straight lengths.
Welding torch — The device used in gas welding.
Wood decay — Disintegration of wood substance through the action of wood-destroying fungi.
Wood decay – incipient — The early stage of decay in which the disintegration has not proceeded far enough to soften or otherwise perceptibly impair the hardness of the wood.
Wood decay – typical or advanced — The stage of decay in which the disintegration is readily recognized because the wood has become punky, soft and spongy, stringy, pitted, or crumbly.
X-ray — A radiographic test method used to detect internal defects in a weld.
XL-ETFE — A process of radiation cross-linking the polymer chains is used to thermally set the plastic. This prevents the material from softening and melting at elevated temperature.
XL-Polyalkene — An insulation material based on the polyolefin family that has its normally thermomelt characteristic altered by the radiation cross-linking process to that of a nonmelt, therm-set material.
Appendix 2 APPENDIX 2. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS The acronyms and abbreviations listed are some of many that are likely to be encountered by the aviation mechanic or technician involved in the maintenance of aircraft.
429 — ARINC 429 data bus standard ARNC IO — ARINC I/O Error 629 — ARINC 629 data bus standard ARNC STP — ARNC I/O UART data strip error A/D — analog/digital; Analog-to-Digital ASTM — ASTM International A/D CONV — Analog-to-Digital Converter ATA — Air Transport Association A/L — autoland ATC — air traffic control AC — advisory circular ATCT — ATC transponder AC — alternating current ATCTS — ATC transponder system ACARS — Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System AUX — auxiliary ACO — Aircraft Certification Office AVC — automatic volume control AD — Airworthiness Directive AWG — American Wire Gauge ADC — air-data computer AWS — Automatic Weather Station ADCP — ATC dual-control panel B/CU — battery/charger unit ADEDS — Advanced Electronic Display System BAT or BATT — battery ADF — automatic direction finder BCD — binary-coded decimal ADI — Attitude-Director Indicator; Air Data Instrument BIT — binary digit; Built-in Test AFC — automatic frequency control BITE — built-in test equipment AFCS — automatic flight control system BITS — bus interconnect transfer switch AFDS — Autopilot Flight Director System BNR — Binary Numerical Reference; binary AIM — Aeronautical Information Manual BP — band-pass AIRCOM — Air/ground Communications BPCU — bus power control unit AM — amplitude modulation BT — bus tie amp — amperes BTB — bus tie breaker AMP or AMPL — amplifier BTC — before top center AMS — Aerospace Material Specification BUS — electrical bus; 429 digital data bus AN — Army/Navy C.G. — center of gravity AND — Army Navy Design CAGE — commercial and government entity code ANSI — American National Standards Institute CAWS — central aural warning system;
caution and warning system ANT — antenna CB, C/B, or CKT/BKR — circuit breaker AP — autopilot CDI — course-deviation indicator APB — auxiliary power breaker CDU — central display unit APCU — auxiliary power control unit CFC — carbon fiber composite APU — auxiliary power unit CFDS — centralized fault display system ARINC — Aeronautical Radio, Inc. CAC — caution advisory computer
Appendix 2 CH or chan. — channel DISC — disconnect CHGR — charger DISTR — distribution CKT — circuit DMA — direct memory access CLK — clock DMB — dead main bus CLR — clear DMC — display management computer CMCS — central maintenance computer system DME — distance measuring equipment CMPTR — computer DMEA — distance-measuring equipment antenna CO — carbon monoxide DN — down COAX — coaxial DU — display unit COP — copper E/E or E & E — electrical/electronic CP — control panel E1-1 — first shelf, number 1 equipment rack CRT — cathode ray tube; circuit E2-2 — second shelf, number 2 equipment rack CSE or CSEU — control system electronics unit EADF — electronic automatic direction finder CSEUP — control system electronics unit panel EADI — electronic attitude director indicator CT — Computed Tomography EAROM — electrically alterable read-only memory CT — current transformer EC — EICAS computer CTN — caution ECAM — electronic centralized aircraft monitoring CU — control unit; copper EDSP — EICAS display select panel CVR — cockpit voice recorder EDU — EICAS display unit CW — continuous wave EEC — electronic engine control D/A — digital-to-analog EFI — electronic flight instrument DAC — digital-to-analog converter EFIS — electronic flight instrument system DADC — digital air-data computer EFISCP — EFIS Control Panel DBT — dead bus tie EFISCU — EFIS comparator unit dc — direct current EFISG EFIS — symbol generator DCDR — decoder EFISRLS — EFIS remote light sensor DDB — digital data bus EHSI — electronic horizontal-situation indicator DEMOD — demodulator EHSID — electronic horizontal-situation indicator display DEMUX — demultiplexer EHSV — electrohydraulic servo value DER – Designated Engineering Representative EICAS — engine indicating and crew alerting system DFDR — digital flight data recorder ELCU — electrical load control unit DG — directional gyro ELEC — electric; electronic DGTL — digital ELECT — electrical DH — decision height ELEX — electronics; electrical DISC SOL — disconnect solenoid ELT — emergency locator transmitter
Appendix 2 EMER GEN — emergency generator GND or GRD — ground EMF — electromotive force GPCU — ground power control unit EMFI — electromechanical flight instrument GPS — Global Positioning System EMI — electromagnetic interference GPSW — gear opposition switch EP — external power GPU — ground power unit EP AVAIL — external power available GPW — ground proximity warning EPC — external power contactor GPWC — ground proximity warning computer EPCS — electronic power control switch GPWS — ground proximity warning system EPROM — erasable programmable readonly memory GSR — ground service relay eV — electron volt GSSR — ground service select relay EXCTR — exciter GSTR — ground service transfer relay EXT PWR — external power GTAW — gas tungsten arc welding FAA — Federal Aviation Administration H/L — high/low FAA-PMA — Federal Aviation Administration Parts Manufacturer Approval HEA — high-frequency radio antenna FM — frequency modulation HF (hf) — high frequency (3 to 30 MHz) FM/CW — frequency modulation continuous wave HFCP — high-frequency radio control panel FMC — flight management computer HI Z — high impedance FMCD — flight management computer control display unit Hz — hertz FMCS — flight management computer systems I.D. — inner diameter FMS — flight management system I/O — input/output FOD — foreign object damage IAPS — integrated avionics processor system FREQ — frequency IAS — indicated airspeed FSEU — flap/slat electronic unit IDG — integrated drive generator FW or FWD — forward IF — intermediate frequency G/S — glide slope IFR — instrument flight rules GAL or GALY — galley IGN — ignition GCR — generator control relay auxiliary contact IIS — integrated instrument system GCU — generator control unit ILS — instrument landing system GEB — generator circuit breaker INDL — indicator light GEN — generator INST — instrument GLR — galley load relay INSTR — instrument GMAW — Gas Metal Arc Welding INTCON — interconnect GMT — Greenwich mean time; coordinated Universal time INTEC — interface GND PWR — ground power INTER — interrogation GND RET — ground return INTPH — interphone GND SVCE — ground service INV — inverter
Appendix 2 IR — ILS receiver MILLI — one-thousandth (0.001) kHz — kilohertz MKR BCN — marker beacon KSI — thousands of pounds per square inch MS — Military Standard kV — kilovolts MSDS — Material Safety Data Sheets kVA — kilovolt-amperes MSEC — (ms) milliseconds kVAR — kilovoltampere reactive MSG — message L-Band — radio frequency band (390 to 1550 MHz) MTBF — mean time between failure LCD — liquid crystal display MUX — multiplexer LD — load mV — millivolts LED — light-emitting diode NAS — National Aerospace Standard lf — low frequency (30 to 300 kHz) NAV — navigation LOZ — low impedance NC — normally closed; not connected; no connection LOC — Localizer NDB — nondirectional beacon LOX – liquid oxygen NDI — Nondestructive Inspection LRU — line replaceable unit NEG — negative LS — loudspeaker nsec (ns) — nanoseconds LSB — lower sideband NTSB — National Transportation Safety Board LSPTM — limit switch position transmitter module NVM — nonvolatile memory LT — light OAM — original aircraft manufacturer LTS — lights OBS — omni bearing selection MAC — mean aerodynamic chord OC — over-current MAN/ELEC — manual/electric OEM — Original Equipment Manufacturer MBA — marker-beacon antenna OF — over-frequency MCDP — maintenance control and display panel OVV or OV — overvoltage MCDU — multipurpose control and display unit OVVCO or OVCO — overvoltage cutout MDE — modern digital electronics P-S — parallel to series MEC — main equipment center; main engine control PA — passenger address; power amplifier meg or mega — million PARA/SER — parallel to serial MEK — methylethylketone PCU — passenger control unit; power control unit MEM — memory PMA — Parts Manufacturer Approval METO — maximum except-takeoff PMG — permanent-magnet generator MF — (mf) medium frequency (300 kHz to 3 MHz) POS — positive MHz — megahertz POT — potentiometer; plan of test MIC — microphone PR — power relay MICRO-P — microprocessor PRL — parallel MIG — Metal Inert Gas PROM — programmable read-only memory
Appendix 2 PROX — proximity SOT — start of transmission PSEU — proximity switch electronic unit SPKR — speaker psi — pounds per square inch SPR — software problem report PWR — power SQL — squelch PWR SPLY — power supply SRM – Structural Repair Manual QPL — Qualified Products List SSB — single sideband QTY — quantity SSID — Supplemental Structural Inspection Documents r-t — receiver-transmitter SSM — sign status matrix RA — radio altimeter; radio altitude ST — synchro transmitter RAD — radio STAT INV — static inverter RAIND — radio altimeter indicator STBY — standby RAM — Random-Access Memory STC — Supplemental Type Certificate RART — radio altimeter receiver-transmitter SW — switch RAT — ram air turbine SYM GEN — symbol generator RCCB — remote-control circuit breaker T-R — transformer-rectifier RCL — recall TAT — true air temperature RCVR — receiver TBDP — tie bus differential protection RCVR/XMTR — receiver/transmitter TC — type certificate RDMI — radio distance magnetic indicator TCAS — Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System RF (rf) — radio frequency TCDS — Type Certificate Data Sheet RFI — radio-frequency interference TDC — top dead center RLS — remote light sensor TFR — transfer RMI — radio magnetic indicator TIG — tungsten inert gas rpm — revolutions per minute TMC — thrust management computer RTV — room temperature vulcanizing TMS — Terminal Marking Sleeve SAE — SAE International TMS — thrust management system SAT — static air temperature TMSP — thrust mode select panel SATCOM — satellite communications TRU — transformer-rectifier unit SCR — silicon-controlled rectifier TSO — Technical Standard Order SDI — source destination identifier TXPDR — transponder SELCAL — selective calling system µ — micro SER DL — serial data link UBR — utility bus relay SG — symbol generator UF — under-frequency SITA — Societe International de Télécommunications Aeronautiques UHF — ultrahigh frequency (300 MHz to 3 GHz) SMAW — Shielded Metal Arc Welding UNDF — under-frequency SMD — surface mounted device UNDV — under-voltage SNR — signal-to-noise ratio US — under-speed SOL — solenoid USB (us) — upper sideband SOLV — solenoid valve µsec — microseconds SOM — start of message UV — ultraviolet
Appendix 2 UV — Under Voltage WARN — warning V ac, Vac, or VAC — volts alternating current WCP — weather radar control panel V dc, Vdc, or VDC — volts direct current WEA — weather V — volts; voltage; vertical; valve WEU — warning electronics unit power supply VA — volt-ampere WPT — waypoint VAR — volt-ampere reactive WX (WXR) — weather radar VFR — visual flight rules XCVR — transceiver VHF (vhf) — very high frequency (30 to 300 MHz) XDCR — transducer VLSI — very large-scale integration XFMR — transformer VOR — VHF omni-directional range XFR — transfer VORTAC — VOR Tactical Air Navigation XMIT — transmit VR — voltage regulator XMTR — transmitter VRMS — volts root means square XPDR — transponder W — watts
Appendix 3 APPENDIX 3. METRIC-BASED PREFIXES AND POWERS OF 10 Atto (a) = quintillionth of = 10-18 times Femto (f) = quadrillionth of = 10-15 times Pico (p), or (µµ) = trillionth of = 10-12 times Nano (n), or (mµ) = billionth of = 10-9 times Micro (µ) = millionth of = 10-6 times Milli (m) = thousandth of = 10-3 times Centi (c) = hundredth of = 10-2 times Deci (d) = tenth of = 10-1 times unity = 100 = 1 Deka (da) = ten times = 10 times Hecto (h) = hundred times = 102 times Kilo (k) = thousand times = 103 times Mega (M) = million times = 106 times Giga (G), or (kM) = billion times = 109 times Tera (T) = trillion times = 1012 times
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