AC 431.35-2A

Historical

Advisory circular · Reusable Launch and Reentry Vehicle System Safety Process

Approved
July 20, 2005
Last reviewed
August 3, 2005
This change
7/8/2026- moved to "historical" status. Since 3/10/2026, part 450 replaced legacy part 431 regulations and thus the guidance on compliance with part 431 regulations is obsolete.
Cancels
AC431.35-2
Family
AC 431.35-2 · 2 versions
Revision
A
14 CFR parts
401, 431

Guidance, not mandatory unless a rule or AD requires it. DRS record last changed July 8, 2026.

Show pages 25–36

RISK REPORT NO.: 3.2 Company: Company ABC, Inc.

Hazard Title: Main Propellant Feed Valve Failure Analysis Phase: Subsystem Hazard Analysis (FMECA)

Initial Closeout Date 3/ 5/ 02 6/15/02 Originator John Doe, XYZ

Hazard Status:

Frequency* Severity* HRI* Initial C II 6 Closeout D II 10 *See FAA Advisory Circular 431.35-2A Prelaunch to Launch Descent X Ascent Landing/Recovery Mission Phase:

On-Orbit to Reenty

Post-launch Risk Level: (See FAA Advisory Circular 431.35-2A for explanation of risk level.)

Severity

Frequency

Catastrophic I

Critical II

Marginal III

Negligible IV Frequent (A) 1 3 7 13 Probable (B) 2 5 9 16 Occasional (C) 4 6 11 18 Remote (D) 8 10 14 19 Improbable (E) 12 15 17 20

Level Index Hazard Risk Index Acceptability Criteria High (Red) 1 - 6 Corrective/controlling actions must be taken to reduce the hazard severity below “II” or reduce the likelihood of occurrence below “C”.

Medium (Yellow) 7 - 10 If not controlled, must be presented to Program Management and FAA as accepted risk.

Low (Green) 11 - 20 Project Management decides on actions, if any.

38 RISK REPORT NO.: 3.2 System:

Vehicle propulsion system

Subsystem:

Main propellant valve Controlling Doc.

(Name, #, etc.):

Vehicle Operations Handbook Function:

The main propellant valve is a manually controlled valve used to shut off the propulsion system during nominal and off-nominal operations

Hazard Description:

See Effect below.

Failure Mode(s)/Cause(s):

Manufacturing process error or contamination causes the main propulsion valve to remain open or partially open when commanded to shut down.

Effect:

Failure to shut down the propulsion system could result in the potential to provide thrust after shutdown command, leading to possible crash in a populated area.

Mitigation of Hazard/Controls:

(1) Use high-reliability valve designed to XYZ Standard 126-P. (2) Use redundant valve in series that uses an automated programmable logic controller to shut down propulsion system in the event of failure of the manual valve.

Verification Method(s) & Documentation:

(1) Inspect and operate the valve before flight per Mission Procedure Checklist 26. (2) Acceptance tests of valve per XYZ Standard 126-P – test results provided at 2/15/02 TIM. (3) System tests of valve operation during envelope expansion tests per Vehicle Flight Plan item 35.

Additional Remarks:

See risk report 2.1 for description of hazard of this failure mode.

Closure Signatures Originator: _____________________ System Safety Manager: _____________________ Program Manager: _____________________

RISK REPORT NO.: ______ Company:

Hazard Title:

Analysis Phase:

Initial Closeout Date Originator

Hazard Status:

Frequency* Severity* HRI* Initial Closeout *See FAA Advisory Circular 431.35-2A Prelaunch to Launch Descent Ascent Landing/Recovery Mission Phase:

On-Orbit to Reenty

Post-launch Risk Level: (See FAA Advisory Circular 431.35-2A for explanation of risk level.)

Severity

Frequency

Catastrophic I

Critical II

Marginal III

Negligible IV Frequent (A) 1 3 7 13 Probable (B) 2 5 9 16 Occasional (C) 4 6 11 18 Remote (D) 8 10 14 19 Improbable (E) 12 15 17 20

Level Index Hazard Risk Index Acceptability Criteria High (Red) 1 - 6 Corrective/controlling actions must be taken to reduce the hazard severity below “II” or reduce the likelihood of occurrence below “C”.

Medium (Yellow) 7 - 10 If not controlled, must be presented to Program Management and FAA as accepted risk.

Low (Green) 11 - 20 Project Management decides on actions, if any.

40 RISK REPORT NO.: ______ System:

Subsystem:

Controlling Doc.

(Name, #, etc.):

Function:

Hazard Description:

Failure Mode(s)/Cause(s):

Effect:

Mitigation of Hazard/Controls:

Verification Method(s) & Documentation:

Additional Remarks:

Closure Signatures Originator: _____________________ System Safety Manager: _____________________ Program Manager: _____________________

Patricia Grace Smith July 20, 2005 Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation