Launch and Reentry of Space Nuclear Systems AC 450.45-1
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Launch and Reentry of Space Nuclear Systems AC 450.45-1
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Launch and Reentry of Space Nuclear Systems AC 450.45-1
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Launch and Reentry of Space Nuclear Systems AC 450.45-1 88 Appendix E. Radiological Units Per NSPM-20 and 10 CFR part 830 this AC employs the widely used U.S. radiological units – Curie (Ci), rad, Roentgen (R), rem, and their sub-units. The NRC full text glossary is available on the NRC’s website and provides a comprehensive set of nuclear terminology definitions that are widely accepted. There is a difference between 10 CFR part 830 and the NRC glossary on the definition of Total Effective Dose (TED) that applicants should be mindful of.
Becquerel (Bq) – the system international (SI) unit of radioactivity. The Becquerel is one disintegration per second (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). The Becquerel is a much smaller unit than the Curie. 1 Bq = 2.70x10-11 Ci.
Curie (Ci) – the amount of radioactive material that will undergo 3.7x1010 disintegrations per second, which is the amount of activity in 1 g of Ra88226 (226-Radium) (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). The Ci is a US unit of radioactivity which has been used for more than a century and is widely employed worldwide. One Ci is a fairly large amount of radioactive material from a radiation health and safety perspective.
Gray (Gy) – An SI unit of absorbed dose of 1 Joule/kilogram (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). 1 Gray is equal to 100 rads (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020).
Radiation Absorbed Dose (Rad) – A unit for absorbed dose, the amount of ionizing radiation that will deposit 0.01 Joule of energy per kilogram of absorbing material, which equals 100 ergs of radiation energy per gram of matter (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). The rad is the US measure of absorbed dose and is widely used worldwide.
Roentgen Equivalent Man (Rem) – A unit of measure for dose equivalent or effective dose (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). The rem is the U.S. measure and is widely used worldwide. The effective dose in rems can be calculated from the absorbed dose in rads by scaling the absorbed dose by a quality factor that accounts for the effectiveness of the specific type of radiation inducing damage in a biological tissue (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). 100 rem is equivalent to 1 Sv (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020).
Roentgen (R) – the amount of ionizing radiation that will produce 0.000258 coulombs/kilogram of dry air at standard temperature and pressure (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). The Roentgen (R) is the US unit of radiation exposure.
Sievert (SV) – the Sievert (Sv) is the SI unit of effective dose, equivalent to 1 Joule/kilogram (Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2020). 1 Sievert = 100 rem
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