FAA-S-8081-181-25 XI. AREA OF OPERATION:
POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES A. TASK: RECOVERY REFERENCES: How To Fly A Balloon; Balloon Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of a recovery.
2. Coordinates recovery with landowner, as appropriate.
3. Supervises ground crew during recovery, including vehicle and spectator control.
4. Ensures importance of minimizing property damage.
B. TASK: DEFLATION AND PACK-UP REFERENCES: Balloon Digest; Balloon Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of deflation and pack-up.
2. Ensures the fuel system is secure.
3. Deflates envelope properly, considering wind conditions and obstacles.
4. Disassembles envelope and basket components, as appropriate.
5. Packs and stores envelope, basket and components, and fuel system, as appropriate.
6. Performs satisfactory postflight inspection.
7. Completes an appropriate checklist.
C. TASK: REFUELING (LBH) REFERENCES: Balloon Digest; Balloon Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits commercial pilot knowledge of the elements of refueling by explaining:
1. Physical properties of propane.
2. Propane cylinders and related parts.
3. Safety factors, to include ventilation.
4. Danger of explosion and burns.
5. Moisture contamination.
6. Proper method of filling cylinders.
FAA-S-8081-18 SECTION 2
COMMERCIAL PILOT LIGHTER-THAN-AIR — AIRSHIP Practical Test Standards
FAA-S-8081-182-i
CONTENTS Lighter-Than-Air — Airship
ADDITIONAL RATING TABLE2-v
CHECKLISTS:
Applicant's Practical Test Checklist (Airship)2-vii
Examiner's Practical Test Checklist (Airship)2-ix
AREAS OF OPERATION:
I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING2-1
A. THE LEARNING PROCESS2-1
B. HUMAN BEHAVIOR2-1
C. THE TEACHING PROCESS2-2
D. TEACHING METHODS2-2
E. CRITIQUE AND EVALUATION2-2
F. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CHARACTERISTICS AND
RESPONSIBILITIES2-3
G. PLANNING INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITY2-3
II. TECHNICAL SUBJECTS2-4
A. AEROMEDICAL FACTORS2-4
B. VISUAL SCANNING AND COLLISION
AVOIDANCE2-5
C. USE OF DISTRACTIONS DURING FLIGHT
TRAINING2-5
D. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT2-6
E. AIRSHIP WEIGH-OFF, BALLAST, AND TRIM2-6
F. NIGHT OPERATIONS2-7
G. REGULATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS2-7
H. NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM2-8
I. LOGBOOK ENTRIES AND CERTIFICATE
ENDORSEMENTS2-8
III. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION2-9
A. CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS2-9
B. WEATHER INFORMATION2-9
C. CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT PLANNING2-10
D. PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS2-11
E. OPERATION OF SYSTEMS2-11
FAA-S-8081-18 2-ii IV. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE
PERFORMED IN FLIGHT2-12
MANEUVER LESSON2-12
V. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES2-13
A. PREFLIGHT INSPECTION2-13
B. COCKPIT MANAGEMENT2-13
C. ENGINE STARTING2-14
D. UNMASTING AND POSITIONING FOR TAKEOFF2-14
E. GROUND HANDLING2-15
F. BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK2-15
VI. AIRPORT OPERATIONS2-16
A. RADIO COMMUNICATIONS2-16
B. TRAFFIC PATTERN OPERATIONS2-16
C. AIRPORT, RUNWAY, AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS
AND LIGHTING2-17
VII. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS2-18
A. GROUND WEIGH-OFF2-18
B. UP-SHIP TAKEOFF2-18
C. WHEEL TAKEOFF2-19
D. APPROACH AND LANDING2-19
E. GO-AROUND2-20
VIII. PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS2-21
A. FLIGHT TO, FROM, AND AT PRESSURE HEIGHT2-21
B. IN-FLIGHT WEIGH-OFF2-21
C. MANUAL PRESSURE CONTROL2-22
D. STATIC AND DYNAMIC TRIM2-22
IX. NAVIGATION2-23
A. PILOTAGE AND DEAD RECKONING2-23
B. DIVERSION2-23
C. LOST PROCEDURES2-24
D. NAVIGATION SYSTEMS AND ATC RADAR
SERVICES2-24
FAA-S-8081-182-iii
X. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS2-25
A. ABORTED TAKEOFF2-25
B. ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF2-25
C. ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT2-25
D. ENGINE FIRE DURING FLIGHT2-26
E. ENVELOPE EMERGENCIES2-26
F. FREE BALLOONING2-26
G. DITCHING AND EMERGENCY LANDING2-27
H. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS2-27
XI. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES2-28
A. MASTING2-28
B. POST-MASTING2-28
FAA-S-8081-182-v LEGEND ASE Airplane Single-Engine AME Airplane Multiengine RH Rotorcraft Helicopter RG Rotorcraft Gyroplane G Glider LB Lighter-Than-Air Balloon If an applicant holds more than one rating on a commercial pilot certificate and the table indicates both ALL and NONE for a particular AREA OF OPERATION, the NONE entry applies. This is logical since the applicant has satisfactorily accomplished the AREA OF OPERATION on a previous commercial pilot practical test. If an applicant holds a flight Instructor certificate, AREAS OF OPERATION I and IV are not required. However, at the discretion of the examiner, the applicant’s competence in all AREAS OF OPERATION may be evaluated.
Area of Operation
ASE AME RH RG G LB ALL
B,C,D,E, F D,E ALL ALL B ALL ALL NONE ALL ALL ALL
B,C,D,E F D,E ALL ALL B ALL ALL NONE ALL ALL ALL
B,C,D,E F D,E ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL NONE
B,C,D,E, F
B,C,D,E NONE ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Rating(s) Held ALL
B,C,D,E F D,E ALL ALL B ALL ALL NONE ALL ALL ALL
B,C,D,E F D,E ALL ALL B ALL ALL NONE ALL ALL Required TASKS are indicated by either the TASK letter(s) that apply(s) or an indication that all or none of the TASKS must be tested.
Addition of a Lighter-Than-Air/Airship rating to an existing Commercial Pilot Certificate
FAA-S-8081-182-vii
APPLICANT'S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST (AIRSHIP)
APPOINTMENT WITH EXAMINER EXAMINER’S NAME________________________ LOCATION _______________________________ DATE/TIME_______________________________
ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT Aircraft Documents:
Airworthiness Certficate Registration Certificate Operating Limitations Aircraft Maintenance Records:
Airworthiness Inspections Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Flight Manual
PERSONAL EQUIPMENT View-Limiting Device Practical Test Standard Current Aeronautical Charts Computer and Plotter Flight Plan and Flight Log Forms Current AIM and Airport Facility Directory
PERSONAL RECORDS Identification - Photo/Signature ID Pilot Certficate Current Medical Certificate Completed FAA Form 8710-1, Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application AC Form 8080-2, Airman Written Test Report or Computer Test Report Pilot Logbook with Appropriate Instructor Endorsements FAA Form 8060-5, Notice of Disapproval (if applicable) Approved School Graduation Certificate (if applicable) Examiner's Fee (if applicable)
FAA-S-8081-182-ix
EXAMINER'S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST (AIRSHIP) APPLICANT'S NAME ___________________________ LOCATION ___________________________________ DATE/TIME ___________________________________ I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING A. The Learning Process B. Human Behavior C. The Teaching Process D. Teaching Methods E. Critique and Evaluation F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and Responsibilities G. Planning Instructional Activity II. TECHNICAL SUBJECTS A. Aeromedical Factors B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance C. Use of Distractions During Flight Training D. Principles of Flight E. Airship Weigh-off, Ballast, and Trim F. Night Operations G. Regulations and Publications H. National Airspace System I. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements III. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION A. Certificates and Documents B. Weather Information C. Cross-Country Flight Planning D. Performance and Limitations E. Operation of Systems
FAA-S-8081-18 2-x IV. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE
PERFORMED IN FLIGHT Maneuver Lesson V. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES A. Preflight Inspection B. Cockpit Management C. Engine Starting D. Unmasting and Positioning for Takeoff E. Ground Handling F. Before Takeoff Check VI. AIRPORT OPERATIONS A. Radio Communications B. Traffic Pattern Operations C. Airport, Runway, and Taxiway Markings and Lighting VII. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUND A. Ground Weigh-Off B. Up-Ship Takeoff C. Wheel Takeoff D. Approach and Landing E. Go-Around VIII. PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS A. Flight To, From, and At Pressure Height B. In-Flight Weigh-Off C. Manual Pressure Control D. Static and Dynamic Trim IX. NAVIGATION A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning B. Diversion C. Lost Procedures D. Navigation Systems and ATC Radar Services
FAA-S-8081-182-xi X. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS A. Aborted Takeoff B. Engine Failure During Takeoff C. Engine Failure During Flight D. Engine Fire During Flight E. Envelope Emergencies F. Free Ballooning G. Ditching and Emergency Landing H. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions XI. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES A. Masting B. Post-masting
FAA-S-8081-182-1 I. AREA OF OPERATION:
FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING NOTE: The examiner will select TASK F and at least one other TASK.
A. TASK: THE LEARNING PROCESS REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of the learning process by describing:
1. The definition and characteristics of learning.
2. Practical application of the laws of learning.
3. Factors involved in how people learn.
4. Recognition and proper use of the various levels of learning.
5. Principles that are applied in learning a skill.
6. Factors of forgetting and retention.
7. How the transfer of learning affects the learning process.
8. How the formation of habit patterns affects the learning process.
B. TASK: HUMAN BEHAVIOR REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of human behavior by describing:
1. Control of human behavior.
2. Development of student potential.
3. Relationship of human needs to behavior and learning.
4. Relationship of defense mechanisms to student learning and pilot decision making.
5. General rules which a flight instructor should follow during student training to ensure good human relations.
FAA-S-8081-18 2-2 C. TASK: THE TEACHING PROCESS REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of the teaching process by describing:
1. Preparation of a lesson for a ground or flight instructional period.
2. Presentation of knowledge and skills, including the methods which are suitable in particular situations.
3. Application, by the student, of the knowledge and skills presented by the instructor.
4. Review of the material presented and the evaluation of student performance and accomplishment.
D. TASK: TEACHING METHODS REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of teaching methods by describing:
1. The organization of a lesson, i.e., introduction, development, and conclusion.
2. The lecture method.
3. The guided discussion method.
4. The demonstration-performance method.
5. Computer/video assisted instruction.
E. TASK: CRITIQUE AND EVALUATION REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of critique and evaluation by describing:
1. Purpose and characteristics of an effective critique.
2. Difference between critique and evaluation.
3. Characteristics of effective oral questions and what type to avoid.
4. Responses to student questions.
5. Characteristics and development of effective written tests.
6. Characteristics and uses of performance tests, specifically, the FAA practical test standards.