FAA-S-8081-182-15 E. TASK: GROUND HANDLING REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of ground handling, as applicable to the airship used for the practical test.
2. Determines required number of crew members, considering weather conditions, status of the airship, and method of handling.
3. Briefs ground crew on all pertinent phases of ground handling procedures.
4. Maintains coordination with crew chief and uses proper hand signals and voice commands with crew.
5. Recognizes undesirable airship movement and takes appropriate action.
6. Maintains proper envelope pressure and trim and alertness for wind shifts.
7. Maintains proper position while controlled by ground crew.
F. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK REFERENCES: AC 61-21; Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of a before takeoff check.
2. Positions airship properly to avoid hazards.
3. Divides attention inside and outside the cockpit.
4. Ensures that engine temperatures and pressures are suitable for runup and takeoff.
5. Accomplishes be fore takeoff checklist and confirms that airship is in safe operating condition.
6. Reviews takeoff performance, wind direction and speed, expected takeoff distance, emergency procedures, and the departure procedure.
7. Ensures that takeoff path is clear of obstacles.
8. Assures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff.
FAA-S-8081-18 2-16 VI. AREA OF OPERATION:
AIRPORT OPERATIONS A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pi lot knowledge by explaining the elements of radio communications.
2. Demonstrates radio communications by—
a. selecting appropriate frequencies.
b. transmitting using recommended phraseology.
c. acknowledging and complying with ATC instructions.
3. Uses appropriate procedures for simulated radio communications failure.
B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERN OPERATIONS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of traffic patterns to include operations at controlled and uncontrolled airports, runway incursion and collision avoidance, wake turbulence avoidance, and wind shear.
2. Complies with traffic pattern instructions.
3. Maintains adequate spacing from other traffic.
4. Corrects for wind drift to maintain proper ground track.
5. Maintains orientation with runway or landing area to be used.
6. Establishes a final approach at an appropriate distance from runway or landing area.
7. Maintains appropriate traffi c pattern altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters).
8. Maintains airspeed for current static condition of the airship.
9. Completes an appropriate checklist.
FAA-S-8081-182-17 C. TASK: AIRPORT, RUNWAY, AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS
AND LIGHTING REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of airport, runway, and taxiway signs, markings, and lighting.
2. Identifies and interprets airport, runway, and taxiway signs, markings, and lighting.
FAA-S-8081-18 2-18 VII. AREA OF OPERATION:
TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS A. TASK: GROUND WEIGH-OFF REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of a ground weigh-off.
2. Determines static and trim condition.
3. Maintains zero inclination and heading into the wind.
4. Assists ground crew to minimize airship movement.
5. Checks weigh-off and trim with neutral elevators when HANDS OFF command is given.
6. Ballasts the airship according to the conditions and type of flight contemplated without exceeding weight limits.
7. Completes an appropriate checklist.
B. TASK: UP-SHIP TAKEOFF REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of an up-ship takeoff.
2. Determines heaviness limitations and weather conditions under which an up-ship takeoff may be made.
3. Ensures that sufficient ground crew are available so as to obtain adequate upward velocity.
4. Idles engines and uses rudder as necessary during weigh-off.
5. Remains within takeoff heaviness limits.
6. Uses proper and timely hand signals and voice commands with ground crew.
7. Applies up-elevator pressure as ground crew lifts airship and transitions to a noseup attitude, keeping tail clear of the ground.
8. Applies power as airship nears the top of its upward thrust.
9. Prevents tail from striking the ground.
10. Increases airspeed sufficiently to carry the load dynamically.
11. Completes an appropriate checklist.
FAA-S-8081-182-19 C. TASK: WHEEL TAKEOFF REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of a wheel takeoff to include wheel takeoffs under various degrees of heaviness.
2. Determines approximate takeoff roll and ensures that area is clear and sufficient, considering wind conditions and field surface.
3. Positions airship to utilize the maximum available takeoff area and maintains trim.
4. Uses proper hand signals and voice commands with ground crew.
5. Applies power slowly, in a timely manner.
6. Attains sufficient airspeed to carry the load dynamically while on the wheel.
7. Uses elevators to assist airship in lifting dynamically.
8. Maintains directional control and proper inclination to keep tail off ground.
9. Completes an appropriate checklist.
D. TASK: APPROACH AND LANDING REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of an approach and landing, to include light and heavy airships.
2. Accomplishes in-flight (static) weigh-off prior to commencing the approach.
3. Adjusts trim, as necessary, for landing, considering weight and condition of air.
4. Coordinates flight and power controls, as necessary.
5. Makes smooth and gradual approach maintaining direction and angle of descent.
6. Recognizes and adheres to waveoff signals.
7. Lands at a speed appropr iate for approaching the ground crew.
8. Reverses thrust, if applicable.
9. Completes an appropriate checklist.
FAA-S-8081-18 2-20 E. TASK: GO-AROUND REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of a go-around.
2. Makes a timely decision to discontinue the approach to landing.
3. Uses correct procedures for a light or heavy airship, as appropriate.
4. Coordinates use of power and flight controls to effect a smooth transition to a climb attitude.
5. Completes an appropriate checklist.
FAA-S-8081-182-21 VIII. AREA OF OPERATION:
PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS A. TASK: FLIGHT TO, FROM, AND AT PRESSURE HEIGHT REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
NOTE: If airship is unable to reach pressure height due to cloud conditions, this TASK may be evaluated through oral testing.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of flight to, at, and from pressure height.
2. Coordinates use of power and flight controls to effect an appropriate rate of climb.
3. Properly monitors air and helium pressure during climb.
4. Reduces rate of climb approaching pressure height and then identifies arriving at pressure height.
5. Monitors appropriate instruments, properly controls air and helium pressures, and ensures pressure height is not exceeded.
6. Descends from pressure height and follows proper procedure for managing pressure system.
B. TASK: IN-FLIGHT WEIGH-OFF REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of an in-flight weigh-off.
2. Steers airship into the wind in level flight at an altitude of at least 500 feet (150 meters) AGL.
3. Reduces power to the specified airspeed and stabilizes airship.
4. Determines if the airship is being affected by updrafts or downdrafts.
5. Neutralizes elevator and rudder controls.
6. Observes attitude of the airship and pressure differential in the ballonets.
7. Determines trim and static condition.
8. Adjusts trim properly.
FAA-S-8081-18 2-22 C. TASK: MANUAL PRESSURE CONTROL REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of manual pressure control.
2. Controls the pressure manually as recommended by the manufacturer to a predetermined valve(s) setting.
3. Controls ballonet air balance by air valve operation.
4. Monitors operation of pressure valves and system.
5. Maintains a constant altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters).
D. TASK: STATIC AND DYNAMIC TRIM REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of static and dynamic trim, to include the relationship between lift and load conditions, static trim, and center of buoyancy.
2. Establishes static trim for various weight conditions.
3. Establishes dynamic trim for various flight conditions.
FAA-S-8081-182-23 IX. AREA OF OPERATION:
NAVIGATION A. TASK: PILOTAGE AND DEAD RECKONING REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of pilotage and dead reckoning.
2. Follows preplanned course solely by visual reference to landmarks.
3. Identifies landmarks by relating surface features to chart symbols.
4. Navigates by means of precomputed headings, groundspeed, and elapsed time.
5. Makes a reasonable estimate of heading, groundspeed, arrival time, and fuel consumption to the destination.
6. Corrects for, and records, the differences between preflight fuel, groundspeed, and heading calculations and those determined en route.
7. Verifies airship’s position within 3 nautical miles of flight planned route at all times.
8. Arrives at enroute checkpoints or destination within 5 minutes of ETA.
9. Maintains appropriate altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters) and established heading, ±20°.
B. TASK: DIVERSION REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of diversion.
2. Selects an appropriate alternate airport and route.
3. Diverts promptly toward the alternate airport.
4. Makes a reasonable estimate of heading, groundspeed, arrival time, and fuel consumption to the alternate airport.
5. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters) and established heading, ±20°.
FAA-S-8081-18 2-24 C. TASK. LOST PROCEDURES REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge of the elements of lost procedures.
2. Selects the best course of action when given a lost situation.
3. Maintains the original or an appropriate heading and climbs, if necessary.
4. Identifies the nearest concentration of prominent landmarks.
5. Uses navigation systems/facilities and/or contacts an appropriate ATC facility for assistance.
D. TASK. NAVIGATION SYSTEMS AND ATC RADAR
SERVICES REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23; Navigation Equipment Operations Manuals.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge of the elements of navigation systems and ATC radar services.
2. Selects and identifies the appropriate facilities or coordinates.
3. Locates position of airship relative to the navigation facility or coordinates selected.
4. Intercepts and tracks a given radial or bearing.
5. Locates position using cross radials bearings, or coordinates.
6. Recognizes and describes station or waypoint passage.
7. Utilizes proper communication procedures when utilizing ATC radar services.
8. Maintains appropriate altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters).
FAA-S-8081-182-25 X. AREA OF OPERATION:
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS A. TASK: ABORTED TAKEOFF REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of an aborted takeoff.
2. Recognizes when dynamic lift is insufficient to continue takeoff.
3. Reduces power and applies reverse thrust (if applicable).
4. Maintains a straight course into the wind.
5. Establishes timely communication with ground crew.
B. TASK: ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of engine failure during takeoff, to include loss of both engines under light and heavy conditions.
2. Promptly recognizes engine failure and utilizes prescribed emergency procedure, including use of checklist.
3. Maintains heading into the wind.
4. Manages air/helium pressures properly.
5. Follows checklist for engine restart or shutdown.
6. Returns for landing, as appropriate.
C. TASK: ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of engine failure during flight.
2. Attempts to determine cause for engine failure.
3. Uses checklist to attempt restart procedure.
4. Establishes near-equilibrium condition, if practical, when one engine fails.
5. Follows proper procedures for free-ballooning when both engines fail.
FAA-S-8081-18 2-26 D. TASK: ENGINE FIRE DURING FLIGHT REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of an engine fire during flight.
2. Attempts to extinguish fire in the affected engine using recommended procedures.
3. If fire persists, shuts down engine and uses appropriate checklist.
4. Prepares to land at earliest opportunity.
E. TASK: ENVELOPE EMERGENCIES REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits commercial pilot knowledge of the elements of envelope emergencies by explaining:
1. A puncture or rip in the gas envelope and/or in a ballonet.
2. Excessive helium loss in flight.
3. Rain/icing on envelope.
4. Emergency valve operations.
5. Emergency air-to-helium operations.
6. Recommended procedures to use when experiencing a specific envelope emergency.
F. TASK: FREE BALLOONING REFERENCE: Airship Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits commercial pilot knowledge by explaining the elements of free ballooning.
2. Assesses airship static condition and determines ballast needs.
3. Establishes equilibrium in a timely manner.
4. Turns off all nonessential electrical equipment.
5. Determines cause of engine failure and attempts restart.
6. Selects suitable landing site and establishes communications with the crew.
7. Uses minimum helium valving and ballast dumping during descent.
8. Secures loose equipment.
9. Completes an appropriate emergency checklist.