AC 61-65D

Historical

Advisory circular · Certification: Pilots and Flight and Ground Instructors

A newer version is currentThis is a historical version. AC 61-65K is the version in force, approved November 14, 2025.
Approved
September 20, 1999
Last reviewed
June 25, 2024
Cancels
AC61-65C
Cancelled by
AC61-65E
Family
AC 61-65 · 9 versions
Revision
D
14 CFR parts
61, 142, 141, 121, 135, 133

Guidance, not mandatory unless a rule or AD requires it. DRS record last changed November 21, 2025.

Show pages 1–12
Page 13 · iOpen in PDF

Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. CONTENTS - INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS No. Endorsement Description Page Student Pilot Endorsements

1. Presolo aeronautical knowledge1

2. Presolo flight training1

3. Presolo flight training at night1

4. Solo flight (each additional 90-day period)1

5. Solo takeoffs and landings at another airport within 25 NM1

6. Initial solo cross-country flight1

7. Solo cross-country flight2

8. Repeated solo cross-country flights not more than 50 NM

from the point of departure2

9. Solo flight in Class B airspace2

10. Solo flight to, from, or at an airport located in Class B

airspace2

Recreational Pilot Endorsements

11. Aeronautical knowledge test2

12. Flight proficiency/practical test2

13. Recreational pilot to operate within 50 NM of the airport

where training was received2

14. Recreational pilot to act as PIC on a flight that exceeds

50 NM of the departure airport2

15. Recreational pilot with less than 400 flight hours and not

logged PIC time within the preceding 180 days3

16. Recreational pilot to conduct solo flights for the purpose of obtaining an additional certificate or rating while under

the supervision of an authorized flight instructor3

Private Pilot Endorsements

17. Aeronautical knowledge test3

18. Flight proficiency/practical test3

Commercial Pilot Endorsements

19. Aeronautical knowledge test3

20. Flight proficiency/practical test3

Instrument Rating Endorsements

21. Aeronautical knowledge test3

22. Flight proficiency/practical test4

Page 14 · iiOpen in PDF

Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. CONTENTS - INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS (Continued) No. Endorsement Description Page Flight Instructor Endorsements

23. Fundamentals of instructing knowledge test4

24. Flight instructor ground and flight proficiency/practical test4

25. Flight instructor certificate with instrument - (category/class)

rating/practical test4

26. Spin training4

Ground Instructor Endorsement

27. Ground instructor who does not meet the recent experience

requirements4

Additional Endorsements

28. Completion of a flight review4

29. Completion of a phase of an FAA-sponsored pilot proficiency

award program (WINGS)5

30. Completion of an instrument proficiency check5

31. To act as PIC in a complex airplane5

32. To act as PIC in a high performance airplane5

33. To act as PIC in a pressurized aircraft capable of high altitude

operations5

34. To act as PIC in a tailwheel airplane5

35. To act as PIC of an aircraft in solo operations when the pilot

who does not hold an appropriate category/class rating5

36. Retesting after failure of a knowledge or practical test5

37. Additional aircraft category or class rating (other than ATP)6

38. Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (other

than ATP)6

39. Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class

rating (other than ATP)6

40. Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (at

the ATP level)6

41. Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class

rating (at the ATP level)6

42. Launch procedures for operating a glider6

43. Review of a home study curriculum6

Page 15 · 1Open in PDF

Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS The following examples are recommended sample endorsements for use by authorized instructors when endorsing logbooks for airmen applying for a knowledge or practical test, or when certifying accomplishment of requirements for pilot operating privileges. Each endorsement must be legible and include the instructor's signature, date of signature, certificated flight instructor (CFI) or certificated ground instructor ( CGI) certificate number, and certificate expiration date, if applicable. The purpose for this advisory circular is to provide guidance and to encourage standardization amongst instructors.

Student Pilot Endorsements

1. Presolo aeronautical knowledge: § 61.87(b) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has satisfactorily completed the presolo knowledge exam of §

61.87(b) for the (make and model aircraft).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

2. Presolo flight training: § 61.87(c) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required presolo training in a (make and model aircraft). I have determined he/she has demonstrated the proficiency of § 61.87(d) and is proficient to make solo flights in (make and model aircraft).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

3. Presolo flight training at night: § 61.87(c) and (m) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required presolo training in a (make and model aircraft). I have determined he/she has demonstrated the proficiency of § 61.87(m) and is proficient to make solo flights at night in a (make and model aircraft).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

4. Solo flight (each additional 90-day period): § 61.87(n) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training to qualify for solo flying. I have determined he/she meets the applicable requirements of § 61.87(n) and is proficient to make solo flights in (make and model).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

5. Solo takeoffs and landings at another airport within 25 NM: § 61.93(b)(1) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.93(b)(1). I have determined that he/she is proficient to practice solo takeoffs and landings at (airport name). The takeoffs and landings at (airport name) are subject to the following conditions: (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

6. Initial solo cross-country flight: § 61.93(c)(1) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required solo cross-country training. I find he/she has met the applicable requirements of § 61.93, and is proficient to make solo cross-country flights in a (make and model aircraft).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

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Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS (Continued)

7. Solo cross-country flight: § 61.93(c)(2) I have reviewed the cross country planning of (First name, MI, Last name). I find the planning and preparation to be correct to make the solo flight from (location) to (destination) via (route of flight) with landings at (name the airports) in a (make and model aircraft) on (date). (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

8. Repeated solo cross-country flights not more than 50nm from the point of departure: § 61.93(b)(2) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training in both directions between and at both (airport names). I have determined that he/she is proficient of § 61.93(b)(2) to conduct repeated solo cross-country flights over that route, subject to the following conditions: (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

9. Solo flight in Class B airspace: § 61.95(a) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.95(a). I have determined he/she is proficient to conduct solo flights in (name of Class B) airspace. (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

10. Solo flight to, from, or at an airport located in Class B airspace: §§ 61.95(a) and 91.131(b)(1) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.95(a)(1). I have determined that he/she is proficient to conduct solo flight operations at (name of airport). (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 Recreational Pilot Endorsements

11. Aeronautical knowledge test: §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.96(b)(3) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.97(b). I have determined that he/she is prepared for the (name the knowledge test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

12. Flight proficiency/practical test: §§ 61.96(b)(5), 61.98(a) and (b), and 61.99 I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of §§ 61.98(b) and 61.99. I have determined that he/she is prepared for the (name the practical test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

13. Recreational pilot to operate within 50 NM of the airport where training was received: § 61.101(b) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.101(b). I have determined he/she is competent to operate at the (name of airport).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

14. Recreational pilot to act as PIC on a flight that exceeds 50 NM of the departure airport: § 61.101(c) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required cross-country training of § 61.101(c). I have determined that he/she is proficient in cross-country flying of part 61, subpart E.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

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Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS (Continued)

15. Recreational pilot with less than 400 flight hours and not logged PIC time within the preceding 180 days: § 61.101(f) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required 180-day recurrent training of § 61.101(f) in a (make and model aircraft). I have determined him/her proficient to act as PIC of that aircraft.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

16. Recreational pilot to conduct solo flights for the purpose of obtaining an additional certificate or rating while under the supervision of an authorized flight instructor: § 61.101(i) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.87 in a (make and model aircraft). I have determined he/she is prepared to conduct a solo flight on (date) under the following conditions: (List all conditions which require endorsement, e.g., flight which requires communication with ATC, flight in an aircraft for which the pilot does not hold a category/class rating, etc.).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 Private Pilot Endorsements

17. Aeronautical knowledge test: §§ 61.35(a)(1), 61.103(d), and 61.105 I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.105. I have determined he/she is prepared for the (name the knowledge test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

18. Flight proficiency/practical test: §§ 61.103(f), 61.107(b), and 61.109 I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of §§ 61.107 and 61.109. I have determined he/she is prepared for the (name the practical test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 Commercial Pilot Endorsements

19. Aeronautical knowledge test: §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.123(c) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.125. I have determined that he/she is prepared for the (name the knowledge test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

20. Flight proficiency/practical test: §§ 61.123(e) and 61.127 I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of §§ 61.127 and 61.129. I have determined he/she is prepared for the (name the practical test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 Instrument Rating Endorsements

21. Aeronautical knowledge test: §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.65(a) and (b) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.65(b). I have determined that he/she is prepared for the (name the knowledge test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

22. Flight proficiency/practical test: § 61.65(a)(6) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.65(c) and (d). I have determined he/she is prepared for the Instrument - (Airplane, Helicopter, or Powered-lift) practical test.

S/S [date] J. J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

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Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS (Continued) Flight Instructor Endorsements

23. Fundamentals of instructing knowledge test: §§ 61.183(d) and 61.185(a)(1) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required fundamentals of instruction training of § 61.185(a)(1).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

24. Flight instructor ground and flight proficiency/practical test: §§ 61.183(g) and 61.187(a) and (b) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.187(b). I have determined he/she is prepared for the CFI - (aircraft category and class) practical test.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

25. Flight instructor certificate with instrument - (category/class) rating/practical test: §§ 61.183(g) and

61.187(a) and (b)(7) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required CFII training of § 61.187(b)(7). I have determined he/she is prepared for the CFII - (airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift) practical test.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

26. Spin training: § 61.183(i)(1) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.183(i). I have determined that he/she is competent and proficient in instructional skills for training stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 NOTE: The above spin training endorsement is required of flight instructor applicants for the airplane and glider ratings only.

Ground Instructor Endorsement

27. Ground instructor who does not meet the recent experience requirements: § 61.217(b) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has demonstrated satisfactory proficiency on the appropriate ground instructor knowledge and training subjects of § 61.213(a)(3) and (a)(4).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 [ *or CGI, as appropriate] (The expiration date would apply only to a CFI.)

Additional Endorsements

28. Completion of a flight review: § 61.56(a) and (c) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has satisfactorily completed a flight review of § 61.56(a) on (date).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 NOTE: No logbook entry reflecting unsatisfactory performance on a flight review is required.

29. Completion of a phase of an FAA-sponsored pilot proficiency award program (WINGS):

§ 61.56(e) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has satisfactorily completed Phase No. ___ of a WINGS program on (date).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

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Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS (Continued)

30. Completion of an instrument proficiency check: § 61.57(d) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has satisfactorily completed the instrument proficiency check of § 61.57(d) in a (list make and model of aircraft) on (date).

S/S [date] J. J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 NOTE: No logbook entry reflecting unsatisfactory performance on an instrument proficiency check is required.

31. To act as PIC in a complex airplane: § 61.31(e) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has received the required training of § 61.31(e) in a (make and model of complex airplane). I have determined that he/she is proficient in the operation and systems of a complex airplane.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

32. To act as PIC in a high performance airplane: § 61.31(f) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has received the required training of § 61.31(f) in a (make and model of high performance airplane). I have determined that he/she is proficient in the operation and systems of a high performance airplane.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

33. To act as PIC in a pressurized aircraft capable of high altitude operations: § 61.31(g) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has received the required training of § 61.31(g) in a (make and model of pressurized aircraft). I have determined that he/she is proficient in the operation and systems of a pressurized aircraft.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

34. To act as PIC in a tailwheel airplane: § 61.31(i) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has received the required training of § 61.31(i) in a (make and model of tailwheel airplane). I have determined that he/she is proficient in the operation of a tailwheel airplane.

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

35. To act as PIC of an aircraft in solo operations when the pilot who does not hold an appropriate category/class rating: § 61.31(d)(3) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the training as required by § 61.31(d)(3) to serve as a PIC in a (category and class of aircraft). I have determined that he/she is prepared to serve as PIC in that (make and model of aircraft).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

36. Retesting after failure of a knowledge or practical test: § 61.49.

I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the additional (flight and/or ground) training as required by § 61.49. I have determined that he/she is prepared for the (name the knowledge/practical test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00 NOTE: In the case of a failed knowledge test, the instructor may complete the endorsement in the space provided at the bottom of the applicant's airman knowledge test report. The instructor must sign the block provided for the instructor's recommendation on the reverse side of FAA Form 8710-1 application for each retake of a practical test.

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Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. INSTRUCTOR ENDORSEMENTS (Continued)

37. Additional aircraft category or class rating (other than ATP): § 61.63(b) or (c) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has received the required training for an additional (name the aircraft category/class rating). I have determined that he/she is prepared for the (name the practical test) for the addition of a (name the aircraft category/class rating) S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

38. Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (other than ATP):

§ 61.63(d)(2) and (3) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.63(d)(2) and (3) for an addition of a (name the type rating).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

39. Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class rating (other than ATP):

§ 61.63(d)(2) and (3) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.63(d)(2) and (3) for an addition of a (name the category/class/type rating). I have determined that he/she is prepared for the (name the practical test) for the addition of a (name the aircraft category/class/type rating).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

40. Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (at the ATP level):

§ 61.157(b)(1) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.157(b)(1) for an addition of a (name the type rating).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

41. Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class rating (at the ATP level):

§ 61.157(b)(1) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of § 61.157(b)(1) for an addition of a (name the category/class/type rating).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

42. Launch procedures for operating a glider: § 61.31(j) I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate), (certificate number), has received the required training in a (list the glider make and model) for (list the launch procedure). I have determined that he/she is proficient in (list the launch procedure).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00

43. Review of a home study curriculum: § 61.35(a)(1) I certify I have reviewed the home study curriculum of (First name, MI, Last name). I have determined he/she is prepared for the (name the knowledge test).

S/S [date] J.J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 12-31-00