Appendix A A-1 APPENDIX A. SAMPLE TRAINING PROGRAM FOR OSAP, ARA, OR HEDA A.1 Sample Training Program.
A.1.1 General. Operator s are required to establish and maintain an approved training program appropriate to their operations before final approval of the special instrument operation.
Anyone requesting authorization to use an Offshore Standard Approach Procedure (OSAP), Airborne Radar Approach (ARA), or Helicopter En Route Descent Area (HEDA) in instrument flight rule (IFR) flight operations must train each flightcrew member on the following subjects. (The abbreviations of operations enclosed in brackets [ ] indicate application only to that type of operation.)
A.1.2 Basic Airborne Radar Principles and Operation. (Ground school 5 hours , Equipment operation 1 hour.)
A.1.3 Theory of Operation.
1. Terminology.
2. Block diagrams (P-40/50, BDX 1300/1400, etc.).
A.1.4 Interpretation of Radar Returns.
1. Primary.
2. Secondary.
3. False return, clutter, anomalies.
4. Enhancement devices: beacons/reflectors.
5. [ARA] Correlation of ground photos/maps with radar scope pictures, and identification of clusters/targets. (Ground school 8 hours.)
A.1.5 Equipment Limitations.
1. Effects of precipitation.
2. Effects of sea state and wave height.
A.1.6 Detecting and Reporting Equipment Malfunctions.
A.1.7 Emergency Procedures.
A.1.8 [OSAP and HEDA] Global Positioning System (GPS) Principles and Operation. (Ground school 2 hours, Equipment operation 3 hours.)
A.1.9 Introduction and Basic Principles.
Appendix A A-2 A.1.10 Controls, Indicators, and Display Functions.
1. Display unit and functions.
2. Data selector switch, controls, and indicators.
3. Course deviation indicator.
4. Receiver computer unit.
A.1.11 Operating Procedures.
1. General.
2. Preflight and operational checks.
3. Self-test.
4. Initial present position entry.
5. Magnetic variation entry.
6. Area Navigation (RNAV) using waypoints.
7. Leg change entry.
8. Offset track—entry and steering.
9. User-defined waypoints.
10. Identifying and correcting operational problems.
A.1.12 OSAP, ARA, or HEDA Operations. ( Ground school 2 hours.)
1. Definitions.
2. Limitations.
3. Minimums.
4. Weather requirements.
5. Equipment requirements.
6. [OSAP or ARA] Approach target identification.
7. [OSAP] Final Approach Point (FAP) identification and verification.
8. Verification and placement of the missed approach point (MAP).
9. Final approach course.
10. [OSAP] Course adjustment to 0.5 NM offset.
11. [OSAP] Decision Point Altitude (DPA).
12. Verification of equipment accuracy at DPA.
13. Verification of minimum horizontal obstacle clearance.
14. Using the lowest appropriate radar scale.
Appendix A A-3
15. Missed approach.
16. Crew coordination, duties, and responsibilities.
17. Before Final Approach Segment (FAS).
18. During FAS.
19. [OSAP or ARA] After visual reference is established with the operation target.
20. [OSAP or ARA] When visual reference is lost while maneuvering to the landing site.
21. [OSAP or ARA] Upon reaching the MAP without visual reference with the operation target.
22. [HEDA] Upon reaching the HEDA coordinates without establishing visual conditions.
23. [HEDA] When visual conditions cannot be maintained while maneuvering to the landing site.
A.2 Flight Training. (Visual conditions 3 hours.) All assigned pilots and radar operators must complete as many trips over a route terminating in an OSAP, ARA, or HEDA under the supervision of an instructor or check airmen, as may be necessary to:
1. Ensure their competency in the use of the equipment; and
2. Enable certification of their proficiency in the system.
A.2.1 Recurrent Training. Recur rent training for pilots and radar operators is required annually.
A.2.2 Currency Requirements. A flight proficiency check is required annually.
A.3 Records.
1. A method of maintaining flightcrew member training records must be approved by the Principal Operations Inspector (POI) prior to authorizing OSAP, ARA, or HEDA operations.
2. Appropriate training and certification records will be maintained by each operator and shall be presented for inspection on request of the FAA.
Note 1: The ground school and flight hours are for illustrative purposes only.
POIs must determine, with their operators, an appropriate number of hours based on the operator’s environment, experience, procedures, and equipment. POIs are directed by policy, which prohibits approving any initial training program with less than a specific number of ground and flight training hours.
Note 2: Flight training requirements may be expressed in numbers of operations rather than in numbers of flight-hours.
Appendix B B-1 APPENDIX B. SAMPLE OFFSHORE INSTRUMENT CHARTS B.1 Sample Offshore Instrument Charts:
• Figure B-1, Sample Delta 30° OSAP.
• Figure B-2, Sample Parallel Offset OSAP.
• Figure B-3, Sample ARA Chart for Single Platform.
• Figure B-4, Sample ARA Chart for Platform Cluster.
• Figure B-5, Sample HEDA Chart.
Appendix B Figure B-1. Sample Delta 30° OSAP COPTER DELTA 30° OSAP SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION ommunicatio REQUIRED. WX RADAR IN MAPPING 10 NM equency 118.
MODE, AND OPS REQUIRED.
Maintain MEA Until Departing the En Route Fix. Select 1 NM CDI Sensitivity when Departing the En Route Fix.
5 NM (Approach Target) * En Route Landing Site 430° Heading at MAP(0.6 NM)®, ° MAP(0.6 NM) 500 ft MSL or No Lowe
1.1 NM from Than Barometric MDA Landing Site Adjusted for RASS Maximum Ground Speed DPA (Not Less Than 70 Knots between 2 NM from Landing 5 NM FAP and MAP Site) 900 ft- 7 NM Arc from the 7 NM Arc from the Approach Target Approach Target 7 NM Fix for Optional Clear All Obstructions by at Least Direct Route 0.5 NM Laterally by Radar after FAP Inbound. Teardrop PT or Standard Course Reversal. Type and NOT FOR NAVIGATION 10 NM Direction Optional.
Remain Within MISSED OPERATION: 10 NM Climb to 900 viathe д 30* Heading, DPA (Not Less FAP Remain within 10 NM and Hold, then Climbing Tum to the 2000 Direct to the Approach Target Landing Site Than 2 NM from Landing Site) • DPA 7900 KMSL Or As Directed by ATC. - • MAP 500 ft MSL or No Lower than Barometric MDA HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH: Adjusted for RASS Hold Overthe Approach Target on the 1000 or As Dreced by ATe. Maintain the 0.6 INM Sea Level Avoid Radar Targets by 0.5 NM Laterally 4 Not Less than 5.0 NM from the Appr | Target -• Until Reaching 900 ft MSL when Making IFR Departures.
MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS RA200 3/4 OPERATIVE AN ALTERNATE FOR FILING AS *250 3/4 INOPERATIVE *Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Less Than 75 NM, Use 800-2 Nonprecision Alternate Increase MDA 5 ft for Each NM Over 5 NM from Landing Site. Minimums or As Approved by OpsSpecs.
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-2
Appendix B Figure B-2. Sample Parallel Offset OSAP SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION REQUIRED. Communications WX RADAR IN MAPPING MODE, AND GPS _ 10 NM Frequency 118.15 REQUIRED.
Maintain MEA Until Departing the En Route Fix. Select 1 NM CDI Sensitivity when Departing the En Route Fix.
(Approach Target) * En Route Fix Landing Site
(0.7 NM) ° @ o MAP MAP Maximum Ground
(0.7 NM) - Speed 70 Knots
0.5 NM Offset between FAP and MAP DPA (Not Less Than 500 ft MSL or No Lower 2 NM from Landing Than Barometric MDA Site) Adjusted for RASS 5 NM 900 ft- 7 NM Arc from the 7 NM Arc from the Approach Target Approach Target 7 NM Fix for Optional Clear All Obstructions by at Least Direct Route 0.5 NM Laterally by Radar after FAP Inbound. Teardrop PT or Standard Course Reversal. Type and Direction Optional.
NOT FOR NAVIGATION 10 NM Remain Within MISSED APPROACH: 10 NM Remain within 10 NM and Hold, Climb to 900 via the Offset Course, then Climbing Tum to the 2000, Direct to the Approach Target Landing Site Than 2 NM from DPA (Not Less Landing Site) • DPA FAP + 900 m MSL or As Directed by ATC.
MAP 500 ft MSL or No Lower than Barometric MDA HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH: Adjusted for RASS Hold Overthe Approach Target on the 1000 or As Directed by ARS 3 NM Legs, Maintain ti 0.7 NM Sea Level Avoid Radar Targets by 0.5 NM Laterally -I Not Lese than 5.0 NM from the Operation Target Until Reaching 900 ft MSL when Making IFR Departures.
MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS RA200 *250 3/4 3/4 INOPERATIVE OPERATIVE FOR FILING AS AN ALTERNATE Increase MDA 5 ft for Each NM Over 5 NM from Landing Site. *Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Less Than 75 NM, Use 800-2 Nonprecision Alternate Minimums or As Approved by OpsSpecs.
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-3
Appendix B Figure B-3. Sample ARA Chart for Single Platform COPTER ARA VEAZY 63 Wx Radar in Mapping Mode Required. NOT FOR NAVIGATION Special Authorization Required. Frequency 16015 1 Platform Coordinates and Identificatio on Reverse Side 4 NM 1 {120 k) Landing Site (Approach Target) 600 ft MSL or No Lower Than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS 4 NM Intermediate Fix (IF) En Route Fix MEAS MISSED APPROACH: HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH:
Climbing turn into the clear zone then climbing to 2000, direct to Hold over the IF on the Inbound course, 1 minute IF and hold or as directed by ATG. lege, maintain 2000 or as directed by ATC Landing Site Elevation 50 ft 1500 fLAIF Approach Target
FAP MAP MAP FAP 600 ft MSL or No Lower than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS Sea Level Landing RA Site
• 10 NM 4 NM - 3 NM MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS *Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Lege RA200 3/4 OPERATIVE Than 75 NM, Increage MDA 5 ft. for NM *380 1/2 INOPERATIVE Over 5 NM from Approach Target.
OVERHEAD OPERATION (Operation Target to Inbound Turn)(4NM) KNOTS 70 90 120 TIME 3:26 2:40 2:00
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-4
Appendix B Figure B-4. Sample ARA Chart for Platform Cluster COPTER ARA WINTR 120 NOT FOR NAVIGATION Frequency 1161g Platform Coordinates and Identification 1(166 m) on Reverse Side (80 ft) 4 NM (120 ft) 128 ft) H 4 NM (80 ft) 700 ft MSL or No Lower Than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS 4 NM Special Authorization Required 1 Intermediate? Fix (IF) WX Radar in Ground Mapping Mode Required Beacon Required.
Beacon on Platform #1.
En Route MEA Fix MEAS MISSED OPERATION:
Climbing Tum into the Clear Zone, then Climbing Turn to the MEA, Direct to the IF and Hold, or As Directed by ATC.
HOLDING AFTER MISSED OPERATION:
Hold Over the IF on the Inbound Course, 1 Minute Legs, Maintain the MEA or As Directed by ATC Landing Site Elevations:
1 - 42 ft 2 - 60 ft 1500 1 Approach 3 - 90 ft Target 4 - 38 ft 5 - 49 f 1 - NA
FAP MAP MAP FAP 700 R MSL or No Lowe than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS Sea Level Landing RA Site 10 NM • 4 NM 4 NM - 3 NM MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS * 100 t. Radio Attude Above the Highest Obetade withinthe **RA200 3/4 OPERATIVE * Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Lesa than 75 NM Cluster if a Couse Bearing Cursoria Not Used *420 1/2 INOPERATIVE Increase MDA 5 I. for Each NM Over 5NM for Approach Target OVERHEAD APPROACH (Approach Targetto Inbound Tumn)(4NM) KNOTS 70 TIME 3:26 2:40 2:00
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-5
Appendix B Figure B-5. Sample HEDA Chart
COPTER HEDA PROCEDURE SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION REQUIRED. 1 Frequency 815
WX RADAR IN MAPPING MODE, AND GPS REQUIRED.
* COORDINATES HEDA 1 4 NM
• 8 NM Diameter Circle.
No Obstructions Allowed for Descents Below 700 ft MSL.
JAP 1 1 1 NM 1 900 ft MSL or No Lower Than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS Descent from MEA to 900 ft MSL is Not Authorized Until within 20 NM from HEDA Coordinates.
NOT FOR NAVIGATION Intermediate S_. MEA._ MEA _ - → MISSED APPROACH:
Climb to 900 then Climbing Turn to the 2000, Direct to the HEDA Coordinates. Remain within 10 NM and Hold or As Directed by ATC HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH: Hold Over the HEDA Coordinates on inbound Course 3 En Route NM Legs, Maintain the 2000 or • MEA Fix As Directed by ATC HEDA Coordinates Adjusted for RASS Descent Below 700 ft MSL is Not Authorized Unless HEDA is Clear of All Obstructions.
Sea Level 4 NM -→ approximately 20 NM fron he HEDA Coordinate:
MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS RA909 OPERATIVE Filing HEDA as Alternate Not Authorized.
*700 1 INOPERATIVE *The MDA is 700 ft MSL with Radio Altimeter or WX Radar with Mapping Mode Inoperative.
*The MDA is 700 ft MSL with Obstruction in HEDA.
*Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Less Than 75 NM, Increase MDA 5 ft for Each NM Over 5 NM from HEDA Coordinates
PROCEED VFR TO THE LANDING SITE B-6
Appendix C C-1 APPENDIX C. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION C.1 References.
C.1.1 Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR):
• Part 91, §§ 91.175, 91.181, and 91.703.
• Part 135, § 135.215.
C.1.2 FAA Orders. For current FAA orders, use the following websites:
https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/orders_notices/index.cfm/go/document.list/doc umentType/order or https://drs.faa.gov.
• Order 8260.3( ), United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPS).
• Order 8260.19( ), Flight Procedures and Airspace.
• Order 8260.42( ), United States Standard for Helicopter Area Navigation (RNAV).
• Order 8900.1, Flight Standards Information Management System.
C.1.3 Advisory Circulars (AC). For current ACs, use the following websites:
https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.list or https://drs.faa.gov.
• AC 20-165( ), Airworthiness Approval of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast OUT Systems.
• AC 90-105( ), Approv al Guidance for RNP Operations and Barometric Vertical Navigation in the U.S. National Airspace System and in Oceanic and Remote Continental Airspace.
• AC 90-114( ), Automati c Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Op erations.
• AC 91-70( ), Oceanic and Remote Continental Airspace Operations.
C.1.4 Handbooks. Instrument Procedures Handbook (FAA-H-8083-16), Chapter 7, Helicopter Instrument Procedures.
C.1.5 Technical Standard Orders (TSO). For current TSOs, use the following website:
https://drs.faa.gov.
• TSO-C63d, Airborne Weather Radar Equipment.
• TSO-C87, Airborne Low-Range Radio Altimeter.
• TSO-C102, Airborne Radar Approach and Beacon Systems for Helicopters.
• TSO-C145a, Airborne Navigation Sensors Using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented by the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS).
Appendix C C-2
• TSO-C146a, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented by the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS).
• TSO-C146b, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using the Global Positioning System Augmented by the Satellite Based Augmentation System.
• TSO-C146c, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using the Global Positioning System Augmented by the Satellite Based Augmentation System.
• TSO-C154c, Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADS-B) Equipment Operating on Frequency of 978 MHz.
• TSO-C166b, Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) and Traffic Information Service-Broadcast (TIS-B) Equipment Operating on the Radio Frequency of 1090 Megahertz (MHz).
C.1.6 RTCA, Inc. Documents. For current RTCA documents, use the following website:
https://my.rtca.org/nc__store.
• RTCA DO-172, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Radar Approach and Beacon Systems for Helicopters.
• RTCA DO-173, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Weather and Ground Mapping Pulsed Radars.
• RTCA DO-208, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Supplemental Navigation Equipment Using Global Positioning System (GPS).
• RTCA DO-229, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Global Positioning System/Wide Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment.
C.1.7 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Documents. For current ICAO documents, use the following website: https://www.icao.int/publications/Pages/default.as px.
• ICAO Annex 2, Rules of the Air.
• ICAO Annex 6, Operation of Aircraft.
• ICAO Annex 11, Air Traffic Services.
C.2 Definitions. The following definitions apply to Offshore Standard Approach Procedure (OSAP), Airborne Radar Approach (ARA), and Helicopter En Route Descent Area (HEDA) operations unless otherwise noted. Acronyms for the definitions are enclosed in parentheses ( ). The abbreviations for operations are enclosed in brackets [ ] and indicate application only to that type of operation.
C.2.1 Aeronautical Radar Beacon [ARA]. An acti ve transponder that responds to radar interrogations.
C.2.2 Airborne Radar. A system comprised of weather radar with a ground mapping mode which meets the requirements identified in this AC.
Appendix C C-3 C.2.3 Airborne Radar Approach (ARA) [ARA]. A nonpr ecision instrument operation based upon the use of an ARA system as the primary operation aid in the intermediate, final, and missed operation segments. The system is comprised of weather radar with a ground mapping mode, a Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation receiver, and the cockpit displays, controls, and instrumentation necessary to provide guidance. The airborne weather radar with a ground mapping mode is referred to as “airborne radar” in the preceding chapters.
C.2.4 Clear Area [OSAP]. An ar ea centered on the final and missed operation course that provides 0.5 nautical mile (NM) lateral obstruction clearance starting at the decision point of the Decision Point Altitude (DPA) and continuing throughout the missed operation.
C.2.5 Clear Sector [ARA]. An ar ea overlying and centered on the final operation course. It is 4 NM wide at the Final Approach Point (FAP) and narrows linearly to a 2 NM width at 2 NM from the operation target.
C.2.6 Clear Zone [ARA]. A rec tangular zone established for a missed operation to the left or right of the final operation course and clear of any obstacle.
C.2.7 Cluster Operation [ARA]. An ARA to an offshore landing site located less than 4 NM from any other platform, rig, drill ship, or other plotted obstacle.
C.2.8 Course Bearing Cursor [ARA]. An ele ctronically generated course line shown on a radar display to assist pilots in flying a straight line surface track between the FAP and missed approach point (MAP).
C.2.9 Course Bearing Selector [ARA]. A pilot -selectable control that positions the cursor on the display.
C.2.10 Decision Point Altitude (DPA) [OSAP]. A point located on the offset final or Delta 30° operation course at 500 feet (ft) mean sea level (MSL) between the FAP and not less than 2 NM from the operation target. At the DPA, if the radar presentation forward along the operation course is clear laterally of all obstructions by at least 0.5 NM, the operation may continue when equipped with an operable radio altimeter to 200 ft above the surface.
However, if at the DPA a lateral separation of 0.5 NM from obstructions is not assured, a missed operation must be initiated.
C.2.11 Delta 30° OSAP (Δ 30°) [OSAP]. An opera tion flown straight-in toward the landing site using GPS for course guidance and airborne weather radar in ground mapping mode for detecting and avoiding obstructions. The “Δ” symbol represents a heading change. At
1.1 NM from the operation target a Delta 30° turn is made to the clear area located to the left or right of course. The Delta 30° course is determined by adding 30 degrees to or subtracting 30 degrees from the inbound heading. The MAP is located no closer than
0.6 NM from the operation target.
C.2.12 Final Approach Point (FAP) [ARA, OSAP]. The position downwind from the operation target where the final operation is initiated.