5-3
5.2.1.2 Terminal Operations. Appropriate OSAP, ARA, or HEDA charts and operations must be approved by the POI before being published in the operator’s manual. The POI grants the authorization by means of an LOA or OpSpec.
5.2.1.3 Air Traffic LOA for Area of Operation. The operator should request support from the responsible Flight Standards office or the FPAG representative.
5.2.2 Issuance of an LOA or OpSpecs. An LOA or OpSpec authorizing the use of OSAP, ARA, or HEDA operations is issued to the operator by their responsible Flight Standards office and/or POI. An LOA or OpSpecs authorizing the use of HEDA procedures is valid for 1 year from the date of issuance. Any operator wishing to obtain HEDA revalidation must submit written confirmation to the POI ensuring that the HEDA is clear of obstructions and that positive course guidance is available. The operator must provide the means for any onsite inspection by the POI (if required).
Appendix A A-1 APPENDIX A. SAMPLE TRAINING PROGRAM FOR OSAP, ARA, OR HEDA A.1 Sample Training Program.
A.1.1 General. Operators are required to establish and maintain an approved training program appropriate to their operations before final approval of the special instrument operation.
Anyone requesting authorization to use an Offshore Standard Approach Procedure (OSAP), Airborne Radar Approach (ARA), or Helicopter En Route Descent Area (HEDA) in instrument flight rule (IFR) flight operations must train each flightcrew member on the following subjects. (The abbreviations of operations enclosed in brackets [ ] indicate application only to that type of operation.)
A.1.2 Basic Airborne Radar Principles and Operation. (Ground school 5 hours, Equipment operation 1 hour.)
A.1.3 Theory of Operation.
1. Terminology.
2. Block diagrams (P-40/50, BDX 1300/1400, etc.).
A.1.4 Interpretation of Radar Returns.
1. Primary.
2. Secondary.
3. False return, clutter, anomalies.
4. Enhancement devices: beacons/reflectors.
5. [ARA] Correlation of ground photos/maps with radar scope pictures, and identification of clusters/targets. (Ground school 8 hours.)
A.2 Equipment Limitations.
1. Effects of precipitation.
2. Effects of sea state and wave height.
A.2.1 Detecting and Reporting Equipment Malfunctions.
A.2.2 Emergency Procedures.
A.2.3 [OSAP and HEDA] GPS Principles and Operation. (Ground school 2 hours, Equipment operation 3 hours.)
A.2.4 Introduction and Basic Principles.
A.2.5 Controls, Indicators, and Display Functions.
1. Display unit and functions.
Appendix A A-2
2. Data selector switch, controls, and indicators.
3. Course deviation indicator.
4. Receiver computer unit.
A.2.6 Operating Procedures.
1. General.
2. Preflight and operational checks.
3. Self-test.
4. Initial present position entry.
5. Magnetic variation entry.
6. Area Navigation (RNAV) using waypoints.
7. Leg change entry.
8. Offset track—entry and steering.
9. User-defined waypoints.
10. Identifying and correcting operational problems.
A.2.7 OSAP, ARA, or HEDA Operations. (Ground school 2 hours.)
1. Definitions.
2. Limitations.
3. Minimums.
4. Weather requirements.
5. Equipment requirements.
6. [OSAP or ARA] Approach target identification.
7. [OSAP] Final Approach Point (FAP) identification and verification.
8. Verification and placement of the MAP.
9. Final approach course.
10. [OSAP] Course adjustment to 0.5 NM offset.
11. [OSAP] Decision Point Altitude (DPA).
12. Verification of equipment accuracy at DPA.
13. Verification of minimum horizontal obstacle clearance.
14. Using the lowest appropriate radar scale.
15. Missed approach.
16. Crew coordination, duties, and responsibilities.
Appendix A A-3
17. Before Final Approach Segment (FAS).
18. During FAS.
19. [OSAP or ARA] After visual reference is established with the operation target.
20. [OSAP or ARA] When visual reference is lost while maneuvering to the landing site.
21. [OSAP or ARA] Upon reaching the missed approach point (MAP) without visual reference with the operation target.
22. [HEDA] Upon reaching the HEDA coordinates without establishing visual conditions.
23. [HEDA] When visual conditions cannot be maintained while maneuvering to the landing site.
A.3 Flight Training. (Visual conditions 3 hours.) All assigned pilots and radar operators must complete as many trips over a route terminating in an OSAP, ARA, or HEDA under the supervision of an instructor or check airmen, as may be necessary to:
1. Ensure their competency in the use of the equipment; and
2. Enable certification of their proficiency in the system.
A.3.1 Recurrent Training. Recurrent training for pilots and radar operators is required annually.
A.3.2 Currency Requirements. A flight proficiency check is required annually.
A.4 Records.
1. A method of maintaining flightcrew member training records must be approved by the Principal Operations Inspector (POI) prior to authorizing OSAP, ARA, or HEDA operations.
2. Appropriate training and certification records will be maintained by each operator and shall be presented for inspection on request of the FAA.
Note 1: The ground school and flight hours are for illustrative purposes only. POIs must determine, with their operators, an appropriate number of hours based on the operator’s environment, experience, procedures, and equipment. POIs are directed by policy, which prohibits approving any initial training program with less than a specific number of ground and flight training hours.
Note 2: Flight training requirements may be expressed in numbers of operations rather than in numbers of flight-hours.
Appendix B B-1 APPENDIX B. SAMPLE OFFSHORE INSTRUMENT CHARTS B.1 Sample Offshore Instrument Charts:
• Figure B-1, Sample Delta 30° OSAP.
• Figure B-2, Sample Parallel Offset OSAP.
• Figure B-3, Sample ARA Chart for Single Platform.
• Figure B-4, Sample ARA Chart for Platform Cluster.
• Figure B-5, Sample HEDA Chart.
Appendix B Figure B-1. Sample Delta 30° OSAP COPTER DELTA 30° OSAP SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION REQUIRED. WX RADAR IN MAPPING 10 NM Frequency 118.15 Communications MODE, AND GPS REQUIRED.
Maintain MEA Until Departing the En Route Fix. Select 1 NM CDI Sensitivity when Departing the En Route Fix.
5 NM (Approach Target) - *En Route Fix Landing Site A.30° Heading at MAP(0.6 NM) ° ° MAP(0.6 NM) 500 ft MSL or No Lowe
1.1 NM from Than Barometric MDA Landing Site Adjusted for RASS Maximum Ground Speed DPA (Not Less Than 70 Knots between 2 NM from Landing 5 NM FAP and MAP Site) 900 ft - 7 NM Arc from the 7 NM Arc from the Approach Target Approach Target 7 NM Fix for Optional Clear All Obstructions by at Least Direct Route 0.5 NM Laterally by Radar after FAP Inbound. Teardrop PT or Standard Course Reversal. Type and NOT FOR NAVIGATION 10 NM Direction Optional.
Remain Within MISSED OPERATION: 10 NM Climb to 900 viathe д 30* Heading, DPA (Not Less FAP Remain within 10 NM and Hold, then Climbing Tum to the 200 Direct to the Approach Targe Landing Site Than 2 NM from Landing Site) DPA. - 1900 m MSL Or As Directed by ATC. - • MAP 500 ft MSL or No Lower than Barometric MDA HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH: Adjusted for RASS Hold Overthe Approach Target on the pound Couse, 3 NM Legs, Maintain th 0.6 100 or As Directed by AT [ NM| Sea Level Avoid Radar Targets by 0.5 NM Laterally + Not Less than 5.0 NM Until Reaching 900 ft MSL when Making IFR Departures.
MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS RA200 *250 3/4 INOPERATIVE OPERATIVE AN ALTERNATE FOR FILING AS Increase MDA 5 ft for Each NM Over 5 NM from Landing Site. *Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Less Than 75 NM, Use 800-2 Nonprecision Alternate Minimums or As Approved by OpsSpecs.
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-2
Appendix B Figure B-2. Sample Parallel Offset OSAP SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION REQUIRED WX RADAR IN MAPPING MODE, AND GPS 10 NM Frequency 118.15 Communications REQUIRED.
Maintain MEA Until Departing the En Route Fix. Select 1 NM CDI Sensitivity when Departing the En Route Fix.
(Approach Target) * En Route Fix Landing Site
(0.7 M) ® @ o MAP MAP Maximum Ground
(0.7 NM) - Speed 70 Knots
0.5 NM Offset- between FAP and MAP DPA (Not Less Than 500 ft MSL or No Lower 2 NM from Landing Than Barometric MDA Site) Adjusted for RASS 5 NM 900 ft- FAP 7 NM Arc from the 7 NM Arc from the Approach Target Approach Target 7 NM Fix for Optional Clear All Obstructions by at Least Direct Route 0.5 NM Laterally by Radar after FAP Inbound. Teardrop PT or Standard Course Reversal. Type and Direction Optional.
NOT FOR NAVIGATION 10 NM Remain Within MISSED APPROACH: 10 NM Climb to 900 viathe Offset Course, DPA (Not Less FAP nen Climbing Tum to the 2000 Direct to the Approach Target Landing Than 2 NM from Landing Site) 1900 A MSL Remain within 10 NM and Hold, or As Directed by ATC. Site DRA MAP 500 ft MSL or No Lower than Barometric MDA HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH: : Adjusted for RASS Hold Overthe Approach Target on the Inbound Couse, 3 NM Legs, Maintain the 0.7 2000 or As Directed by ATC. INM Sea Level Avoid Radar Targets by 0.5 NM Laterally Not Leas than 5.0 NM from the Operation Target Until Reaching 900 ft MSL when Making IFR Departures.
MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS RA200 OPERATIVE FOR FILING AS *250 INOPERATIVE AN ALTERNATE Increase MDA 5 ft for Each NM Over 5 NM from Landing Site. *Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Less Than 75 NM, Use 800-2 Nonprecision Alternate Minimums or As Approved by OpsSpecs.
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-3
Appendix B Figure B-3. Sample ARA Chart for Single Platform COPTER ARA VEAZY 63 Wx Radar in Mapping Mode Required. NOT FOR NAVIGATION Special Authorization Required. Frequency 118.15 Platform Coordinates and Identification on Reverse Side 4 NM
• (120 ft) Landing Site (Approach Target) 600 ft MSL or No Lower Than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS 'FAP 4 NM Intermediate Fix (IF) 3 En Route
MEA MESS MISSED APPROACH: HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH:
Climbing turn into the clear zone then climbing to 2000, direct to Hold over the IF on the Inbound course, 1 minute IF and hold or ae directed by ATC. legs, maintain 2000 or as directed by ATC Landing Site Elevation 50 ft 1500 fL Approach Target FAP MAP MAP ¡FAP 600 ft MSL or No Lower than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS Sea Level Landing RA Site 10 NM - 3 NM MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS *Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Lege RA200 3/4 OPERATIVE Than 75 NM, Increase MDA 5 ft. for NM *380 1/2 INOPERATIVE Over 5 NM from Approach Target.
OVERHEAD OPERATION (Operation Target to Inbound Turn)(4NM) KNOTS 70 90 120 TIME 3:26 2:40 2:00
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-4
Appendix B Figure B-4. Sample ARA Chart for Platform Cluster COPTER ARA WINTR 120 NOT FOR NAVIGATION Communications Frequency 118.15 1 Platform Coordinates and Identification on Reverse Side 3,5 29 (80 ft) 6 4 NM (120 ft) 128 ) TH (80 ft) 700 ft MSL or No Lower 1 4 NM Than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS FAP 4 NM Intermediate Special Authorization Required Fix (IF) WX Radar in Ground Mapping Mode Required Beacon Required.
Beacon on Platform #1. MEA • En Route ..._ Fix MERS MISSED OPERATION:
Climbing Turn into the Clear Zone, then Climbing Tur to the MEA, Direct to the IF and Hold, or As Directed by ATC HOLDING AFTER MISSED OPERATION:
Hold Over the IF on the Inbound Course, 1 Minute Legs. Maintain the MEA or As Directed by ATC.
Landing Site Elevations:
1 - 42 ft 2 - 60 ft
• Approach; 3 - 90 ft Target 4 - 38 ft 5 - 49 ft 1 - NA FAP MAP _ FAP 700 ft MSL or No Lower than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS Sea Level Landing RA Site 10 NM - 4 NM 4 NM -3 NM MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS * 100 L Radio Altitude Above the Higheat Obatade withinthe **RA200 3/4 OPERATIVE * Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but LeBa than 75 N Cluster if a Couse Bearing Cursor is Not Used *420 1/2 INOPERATIVE ncrease MDA 5 iL for Each NM Over 5NM for Approach Target OVERHEAD APPROACH (Approach Targetto Inbound Tum)(ANN) KNOTS 70 120 TIME 3:26 2:40 2:00
PROCEED VISUALLY TO THE LANDING SITE B-5
Appendix B Figure B-5. Sample HEDA Chart
COPTER HEDA PROCEDURE SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION REQUIRED. 1 Frequency 815
WX RADAR IN MAPPING MODE, AND GPS REQUIRED.
1 HEDA
COORDINATES
• 8 NM Diameter Circle.
No Obstructions Allowed for Descents Below 700 ft MSL FAP 1 4 NM 900 ft MSL or No Lower Than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS Descent from MEA to 900 ft MSL is Not Authorized Until within 20 NM 1 from HEDA Coordinates.
NOT FOR NAVIGATION Intermediate S-. MEA. _ ** EXIFL MEA MISSED APPROACH:
Climb to 900 then Climbing Turn to the 2000, Direct to the HEDA Coordinates. Remain within 10 NM and Hold or As Directed by ATC.
HOLDING AFTER MISSED APPROACH: En Route Hold Over the HEDA Coordinates on inbound Course 3 Fix As Directed by ATC. NM Legs, Maintain the 2000 or - •- MEA FAP HEDA * 900 ft MSL or No Lower Coordinates, than Barometric MDA Adjusted for RASS Descent Below 700 ft MSL is Not Authorized Unless HEDA is Clear of All Obstructions.
Sea Level
- 4 NM → + 4 NM * approximately 20 NM fron he HEDA Coordinate:
MDA VISIBILITY RADIO ALTIMETER STATUS RAS09 OPERATIVE Filing HEDA as Alternate Not Authorized.
*700 INOPERATIVE *The MDA is 700 ft MSL with Radio Altimeter or WX Radar with Mapping Mode Inoperative.
*The MDA is 700 ft MSL with Obstruction in HEDA.
*Altimeter Source More Than 5 NM but Less Than 75 NM, Increase MDA 5 ft for Each NM Over 5 NM from HEDA Coordinates
PROCEED VFR TO THE LANDING SITE B-6
Appendix C C-1 APPENDIX C. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION C.1 References.
C.1.1 Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR):
• Part 91, §§ 91.175, 91.181, and 91.703.
• Part 135, § 135.215.
C.1.2 FAA Orders. For current FAA orders, use the following website:
https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/orders_notices/index.cfm/go/document.list/d ocumentType/order.
• Order 8260.19( ), Flight Procedures and Airspace.
• Order 8260.3( ), United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPS).
• Order 8260.42( ), United States Standard for Helicopter Area Navigation (RNAV).
• Order 8900.1, Flight Standards Information Management System (FSIMS).
C.1.3 Advisory Circulars (AC). For current ACs, use the following website:
https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.li st.
• AC 20-165( ), Airworthiness Approval of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast OUT Systems.
• AC 90-105( ), Approval Guidance for RNP Operations and Barometric Vertical Navigation in the U.S. National Airspace System and in Oceanic and Remote Continental Airspace.
• AC 90-114( ), Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Operations.
• AC 91-70( ), Oceanic and Remote Continental Airspace Operations.
C.1.4 Handbooks. Instrument Procedures Handbook (FAA-H-8083-16), Chapter 7, Helicopter Instrument Procedures.
C.1.5 Technical Standard Orders (TSO). For current TSOs, use the following website:
https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgTSO.nsf/MainFrame?OpenFr ameSet.
• TSO-C63d, Airborne Weather Radar Equipment.
• TSO-C87, Airborne Low-Range Radio Altimeter.
• TSO-C102, Airborne Radar Approach and Beacon Systems for Helicopters.
• TSO-C145a, Airborne Navigation Sensors Using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented by the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS).
Appendix C C-2
• TSO-C146a, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented by the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS).
• TSO-C146b, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using the Global Positioning System Augmented by the Satellite Based Augmentation System.
• TSO-C146c, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using the Global Positioning System Augmented by the Satellite Based Augmentation System.
• TSO-C154c, Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Equipment Operating on Frequency of 978 MHz.
• TSO-C166b, Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) and Traffic Information Service-Broadcast (TIS-B) Equipment Operating on the Radio Frequency of 1090 Megahertz (MHz).
C.1.6 RTCA, Inc. Documents. For current RTCA documents, use the following website:
https://my.rtca.org/nc__store.
• RTCA DO-172, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Radar Approach and Beacon Systems for Helicopters.
• RTCA DO-173, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Weather and Ground Mapping Pulsed Radars.
• RTCA DO-208, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Supplemental Navigation Equipment Using Global Positioning System (GPS).
• RTCA DO-229, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Global Positioning System/Satellite-Based Augmentation System Airborne Equipment.
C.1.7 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Documents. For current ICAO documents, use the following website: https://store.icao.int/index.php/.
• ICAO Annex 2, Rules of the Air.
• ICAO Annex 6, Operation of Aircraft.
• ICAO Annex 11, Air Traffic Services.
C.2 Definitions. The following definitions apply to Offshore Standard Approach Procedure (OSAP), Airborne Radar Approach (ARA), and Helicopter En Route Descent Area (HEDA) operations unless otherwise noted. Acronyms for the definitions are enclosed in parentheses ( ). The abbreviations for operations are enclosed in brackets [ ] and indicate application only to that type of operation.
C.2.1 Aeronautical Radar Beacon [ARA]. An active transponder that responds to radar interrogations.
C.2.2 Airborne Radar. A system comprised of weather radar with a ground mapping mode which meets the requirements identified in this AC.