NTSB investigations, 2017, Outside the U.S.
37 cases where the phase of flight was Maneuvering.
Cases per year
| 1964 | 4 |
|---|---|
| 1965 | 3 |
| 1966 | 6 |
| 1967 | 4 |
| 1968 | 2 |
| 1969 | 1 |
| 1970 | 5 |
| 1971 | 3 |
| 1972 | 3 |
| 1973 | 3 |
| 1974 | 1 |
| 1975 | 1 |
| 1978 | 2 |
| 1987 | 1 |
| 1990 | 1 |
| 1997 | 1 |
| 1999 | 2 |
| 2003 | 1 |
| 2007 | 1 |
| 2008 | 4 |
| 2009 | 9 |
| 2010 | 9 |
| 2011 | 18 |
| 2012 | 17 |
| 2013 | 21 |
| 2014 | 19 |
| 2015 | 42 |
| 2016 | 30 |
| 2017 | 37 |
| 2018 | 36 |
| 2019 | 25 |
| 2020 | 25 |
| 2021 | 39 |
| 2022 | 41 |
| 2023 | 41 |
| 2024 | 35 |
| 2025 | 40 |
| 2026 | 12 |
Latest cases
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c.\"eventDate\") = 2017
AND c.\"eventCountry\" <> 'USA'
AND c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 450)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 2017
AND c."eventCountry" <> 'USA'
AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 450)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB CEN18FA063Accident · 12 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 208 · Punta Islita, Costa RicaThe flight crew's failure to maintain airspeed while maneuvering to exit an area of rising terrain, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack and an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the flight crew's…NTSB ERA18WA069Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationCessna A188 · Montecristi, Dominican RepublicThe government of Dominican Republic has notified the NTSB of an accident involving a CESSNA A188 airplane that occurred on December 23, 2017. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the government of Dominican Republic's…NTSB CEN18WA046Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationMD Helicopter 369HS · La Morita, MexicoOn November 22, 2017, about 1437 pacific standard time, a MD Helicopters 369HS single-engine helicopter, serial number 920414S, Mexican registration XC-TIJ, crashed while providing aerial support for police activity near La Morita, Mexico. The pilot and his…NTSB ERA18WA160Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA-25-235 · Itapolis, BrazilThe government of Brazil has notified the NTSB of an accident involving a PIPER AIRCRAFT PA-25-235 airplane that occurred on November 14, 2017. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the government of Brazil's investigation under…NTSB ERA18WA029Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationCessna A188 · Sao Felix do Xingu, BrazilThe government of Brazil has notified the NTSB of an accident involving a CESSNA A188 airplane that occurred on October 24, 2017. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the government of Brazil's investigation under the provisions…NTSB ERA18WA017Accident · 5 fatalForeign investigationCessna 210 · Itaituba, BrazilOn October 22, 2017, about 2105 universal coordinated time, a Cessna 210N, Brazilian registration PT-ORU, operated by a private individual, was destroyed when it collided with terrain following a low altitude maneuver near Itaituba, Brazil. The two foreign…NTSB ERA18WA009Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationZlin Z50 · Gauteng Province, South AfricaOn October 6, 2017, about 1530 coordinated universal time, a Zlin Z-50L, South African registration ZS-VAR, was destroyed when it impacted terrain shortly after takeoff from Kitty Hawk Airport (FAKT), Gauteng Province, South Africa. The pilot was fatally…NTSB CEN18WA005Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA25 · Cerro de Ortega, MexicoNTSB ANC18RA001Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationRobinson R44 · Campbell River, CanadaNTSB CEN17WA383Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationBell 47G · Llano Bonito de Pococí, Costa RicaOn September 18, 2017, at 0720 central daylight time, a Bell 47G2 helicopter, Costa Rican registration TI-BGH, serial number 1459, impacted terrain during an aerial application flight, near Llano Bonito de Pococí, Costa Rica. The pilot was fatally injured,…NTSB CEN17WA353Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationMooney M 20K · Braunwald, SwitzerlandNTSB ERA17WA318Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationCessna 172 · Hekpoort, South AfricaOn September 3, 2017, about 0930 coordinated universal time, a Cessna 172M, South African registration ZS-JDN, was destroyed when it impacted a valley in the Magaliesberg Mountain range, near Hekpoort, South Africa. The two commercial pilots were fatally…NTSB CEN17WA378Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA25 · Sueco, Chihuahua, Mexico, MexicoOn September 2, 2017, about 1700 hours universal coordinated time, a Piper PA25-235, Mexican registration XB-EXZ, was substantially damaged when it impacted powerlines near Sueco, Chihuahua, Mexico. The pilot was seriously injured. The local flight departed…NTSB CEN17WA325Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationAviat Pitts S-2B · Holmestrand, NorwayOn August 22, 2017, at 1025 hours universal coordinated time, an Aviat Pitts S-2B, Norwegian registration LN-PTS, impacted the terrain following a loss of control while performing aerobatic maneuvers near Holmestrand, Norway. The pilot and passenger were…NTSB WPR17WA203Accident · No injuriesForeign investigationRobinson Helicopter R44 II · Darwin Aerodrome, AustraliaOn August 18, 2017, at 1400 local time, a Robinson R44 II, VH-LGN, was substantially damaged during a forced landing near Darwin Aerodrome, Australia. The helicopter was operated under the pertinent civil regulations of the government of Australia. The pilot…NTSB CEN17WA320Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA36 · Vejer de la Frontera, SpainOn August 15, 2017, a Piper PA-36-375 airplane (EC-EHB, s/n 36-8102001) impacted terrain during fumigation operations in the vicinity of Vejer de la Frontera, Spain. The pilot was fatally injured.This investigation is under the jurisdiction and control of the…NTSB ERA17WA273Accident · 4 fatalForeign investigationBell 206 · Algiers, AlgeriaOn August 10, 2017, about 0930 coordinated universal time, Bell 206L3 helicopter, Algerian registration 7T-WUF, was substantially damaged when it impacted terrain while maneuvering in Algiers, Algeria. The pilot and three passengers were fatally injured. The…NTSB ANC17WA045Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationAir Tractor AT502 · La Crete, CanadaOn August 10, 2017, about 0320 Coordinated Universal Time, an Air Tractor AT-502B airplane, C-FWAS, impacted terrain while conducting an aerial application repositioning turn near La Crete, Alberta, Canada. The pilot sustained fatal injuries. The…NTSB CEN17WA321Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationRobinson R44 · Puerto Chiapas, MexicoOn August 2, 2017, about 2115 universal coordinated time, a Robinson R44 helicopter, XB-MWZ, had a loss of engine power and subsequently impacted the Pacific Ocean near Puerto Chiapas, Mexico. Two persons were on board the helicopter. One person was reported…NTSB ERA17WA271Accident · Serious injuriesForeign investigationCessna 172 · Khuzhir, RussiaOn July 16, 2017, at 1300 coordinated universal time, a Cessna 172M, Russian registration RA-2842G, ditched into Lake Baikal, near Khuzhir, Irkutskaya Oblast, Russia, after a total loss of engine power. The airplane incurred substantial damage during the…NTSB ERA17WA224Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationMD Helicopter 500 · Schinias Marathonas, GreeceOn June 23, 2017, about 0645 universal coordinated time, a MD Helicopter 500E, Greek registration SX-HBB, was substantially damaged when it struck a power line and impacted terrain near Schinias Marathonas, Greece. The Greek certificated pilot and one…NTSB CEN17WA237Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationAmateur Construction Kolb Firefly · Luffenhall, United KingdomOn June 20, 2017, about 0920 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), a Kolb Firefly ultralite, British registration G-CEPN, impacted terrain under unknown circumstances near Newell Lane, Luffenhall, Hertfordshire, England. The pilot, the sole occupant on board, was…NTSB ERA17WA192Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationRobinson R22 · Kwa-Zulu Natal, South AfricaThe South African Civil Aviation Authority (SACAA) has notified the NTSB of an accident involving a Robinson R22 helicopter that occurred on May 20, 2017. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist SACAA's investigation under the…NTSB CEN17WA215Accident · No injuriesForeign investigationAyres S2R · Candillargues, France, FranceOn May 16, 2017, about 0530 hours universal coordinated time, an Ayres S2R airplane, French registration F-GIEN, was substantially damaged during a forced landing following a loss of engine power near Candillargues, France. The pilot was not injured. The…NTSB CEN17WA221Accident · Serious injuriesForeign investigationSilence Twister · Abingdon, United KingdomOn May 14, 2017, at 1330 universal coordinated time (UTC), a Silence model Twister single-engine airplane, United Kingdom registration G-JINX, serial number LAA 329-15102, was substantially damaged during a forced landing following a loss of engine power…NTSB CEN17WA172Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA31 · Schefferville, CanadaOn April 30, 2017, a Piper PA-31 airplane, C-FQQB, impacted terrain near Schefferville, Quebec. The two pilots were fatality injured. The accident investigation is under the jurisdiction and control of the Canadian government. This report is for information…NTSB CEN17WA161Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationChampion 8KCAB · Cancun, MexicoThe accident investigation is under the jurisdiction and control of the Mexican government. This report is for informational purposes only and contains only information released by or obtained from the Mexican government. Further information pertaining to…NTSB ERA17WA146Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationGrumman G164 · Pista La Julia, EcuadorOn March 30, 2017, about 1645 universal coordinated time, a Grumman 164A, Ecuadorian registration HC-BPI, was destroyed when it impacted electrical wires and terrain near Pista La Julia, Ecuador. The foreign certificated pilot was fatally injured. The flight…NTSB WPR17WA083Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationRobinson R22 · Reefton, New ZealandOn March 27, 2017, about 0345 Universal Time, a Robinson R22, New Zealand registration ZK-IHA, impacted forested terrain about 5.5 miles north of Reefton, West Coast. The pilot, the sole occupant was fatally injured, and the helicopter was substantially…NTSB CEN17WA129Accident · 5 fatalForeign investigationMD Helicopter 369 · Mexicali, MexicoOn March 13, 2017, about 1600 hours pacific daylight time, a MD Helicopters model 369FF single-engine helicopter, serial number 0079FF, Mexican registration XC-PEP, collided with high-voltage power lines while maneuvering near Mexicali, Mexico. The pilot and…NTSB CEN17WA128Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA25 · Etchoropo, Sonora, MexicoOn March 12, 2017, at 2050 hours universal coordinated time, a Piper PA25-235 airplane, Mexican registration XB-FHP, impacted terrain near Etchoropo, Sonora, Mexico. The pilot was fatally injured. The airplane was destroyed by impact forces.The accident…NTSB ERA17WA124Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA25 · Villa Tapia, Dominican RepublicOn March 4, 2017, about 1330 coordinated universal time, a Piper PA-25-235, N8969L, was destroyed following a collision with antenna wires and terrain during an aerial application flight near Villa Tapia, Dominican Republic. The pilot was fatally injured. The…NTSB WPR17WA073Accident · No injuriesForeign investigationCessna 152 · Hong Kong, ChinaOn February 26, 2017, about 0314 Coordinated Universal Time, a Cessna 152, B-HHN, collided with trees and came to rest in the trees while attempting a forced landing as a result of a reported loss of engine power. The airplane was operated by Hong Kong…NTSB ERA17WA349Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA25 · Santa Catarina, BrazilOn February 23, 2017, about 1030 coordinated universal time, an Piper PA-25-235, Brazilian registration PT-WBO, was substantially damaged when it impacted terrain during an aerial application flight near Santa Catarina, Brazil. The foreign certificated pilot…NTSB WPR17WA069Accident · Serious injuriesForeign investigationHughes 369E · Raetihi, New ZealandOn February 19, 2017, at 0930 local time, a McDonnell Douglas Hughes 369E, ZK-HRK, operated by Precision Helicopters Ltd. collided with a ridgeline in the Waimarino Forest near Raetihi, New Zealand during an external load operation. The helicopter was being…NTSB CEN17WA380Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationSchweizer 269C · Locarno, SwitzerlandOn February 7, 2017, about 1016 universal coordinated time (UTC), a Schweizer 269C helicopter, Swiss registration HB-XFQ, conducted a precautionary landing near Locarno (LSZL), Switzerland, after the engine oil pressure was at minimum pressure and the oil…NTSB WPR17WA060Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationGrumman American G-73 · Perth, AustraliaOn January 26, 2017, at 1708 local time, a Grumman American Aviation Corp. G-73, VH-CQA, collided with water while maneuvering near Perth, Australia. The airplane and the pilot and passenger were fatally injured. The flight was operated under the pertinent…