Appendix 1 APPENDIX 1. FLIGHT AND GROUND LOAD SPECTRA (CONTINUED)
Table A1-14 Maneuver Spectra For Survey (Pipeline Patrol) Operations Acceleration Fraction Cumulative Frequency of Exceedance per Nautical Mile Acceleration Fraction Cumulative Frequency of Exceedance per Nautical Mile
0.10 7.42090E-01 -0.10 1.11391E-01
0.15 4.85640E-01 -0.15 4.71406E-02
0.20 2.81225E-01 -0.20 1.35410E-02
0.25 1.53241E-01 -0.25 5.45945E-03
0.30 7.81332E-02 -0.30 2.72563E-03
0.35 3.70863E-02 -0.35 1.41442E-03
0.40 1.63236E-02 -0.40 7.52533E-04
0.45 6.64508E-03 -0.45 4.06358E-04
0.50 2.49947E-03 -0.50 2.21451E-04
0.55 8.71435E-04 -0.55 1.20991E-04
0.60 2.89471E-04 -0.60 6.60759E-05
0.65 9.39729E-05 -0.65 3.60584E-05
0.70 3.01380E-05 -0.70 1.96504E-05
0.75 9.66349E-06 -0.75 1.06815E-05
0.80 3.09532E-06 -0.80 5.77900E-06
0.85 9.89409E-07 -0.85 3.09921E-06
0.90 3.13870E-07 -0.90 1.63439E-06
0.95 9.71706E-08 -0.95 8.33698E-07
1.00 2.76574E-08 -1.00 3.96027E-07 A1-31
Sink Rate, ft / sec Appendix 1
APPENDIX 1. FLIGHT AND GROUND LOAD SPECTRA (CONTINUED)
Cumulative Frequency per 10,000 Landings 106
Curve Description 1 Single-Engine Basic Flight Instruction 2 Single-Engine Unpressurized Operations, Including Personal, Executive and Aerobatic Usage 3 Twin-Engine Unpressurized Usage, Single-Engine and Twin-Engine Pressurized Usage Note: Curves reproduced from Figure 9, Reference 3.
Figure A1-15 Landing Impact Spectra 1 23 8
1.5
1.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A1-32
- - - - - - Normal Load Factor, nz, g’s Appendix 1
APPENDIX 1. FLIGHT AND GROUND LOAD SPECTRA (CONTINUED)
Occurrences per 1,000 Landings 106
1 .0 1 .2 1 .61 .4 Curve Description 1 All Single-Engine and Twin-Engine Operations, Excluding Aerial Application 2 Agricultural Usage (Aerial Application) Note: Curves reproduced from Figure 10, Reference 3.
Figure A1-16 Taxi Spectra 1 2 8
1.5 100
1.0 + 1+.1 + 1+.3 + 1+.5 +- A1-33 (and 34)
10 3 10 4 10 5 10 10
9/29/05 AC 23-13A Appendix 2 Note: Curves reproduced from Figure 11, Reference 3.
Alternating Stress, SALT ~ ksi 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 N ~ Number of Cycles Mean Stress, SMEAN, ksi 0
2.5 5
7.5 10 15 20 30 APPENDIX 2. S/N CURVES FOR ALUMINUM COMPONENTS FIGURE A2-1
ENDURANCE OF COMPLETE WINGS AND TAILPLANES (ALUMINUM ALLOY MATERIALS) 7 6 A2- 1
Appendix 2 Note: Curves reproduced from Figure 12, Reference 3.
Alt er nating Stress, SALT ~ ksi 0 5 10 15 20 1 x 104 1 x 105 3 x 104 3 x 10 5 1 x 10 6 3 x 106 N Number of Cycles 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Mean Stress, SMEAN, ksi APPENDIX 2. S/N CURVES FOR ALUMINUM COMPONENTS (CONTINUED) FIGURE A2-2
TYPICAL CONSTANT LIFE CURVES
FOR COMPLETE WINGS AND TAILPLANES
(ALUMINUM ALLOY MATERIALS)
A2-2