FAA-S-8081-14 1-16 V. AREA OF OPERATION: Change 1 PERFORMANCE MANEUVER 4/28/97 TASK: STEEP TURNS REFERENCES: AC 61-21; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA- Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns.
2. Selects an altitude that will allow the task to be performed no lower than 1,500 feet (460 meters) AGL.
3. Establishes the manufacturer’s recommended airspeed or if one is not stated, the examiner may designate a safe airspeed not to exceed VA.
4. Rolls into a coordinated 360° turn; maintains a 45° bank, ±5°;
and rolls out on the entry heading, ±10°.
5. Performs the task in the opposite direction, as specified by the examiner.
6. Divides attention between airplane control and orientation.
7. Maintains the entry altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters), and airspeed, ±10 knots.
FAA-S-8081-141-17 VI. AREA OF OPERATION:
GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS A. TASK: RECTANGULAR COURSE REFERENCE: AC 61-21.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a rectangular course.
2. Determines the wind direction and speed.
3. Selects the ground reference area with an emergency landing area within gliding distance.
4. Plans the maneuver so as to enter at traffic pattern altitude, at an appropriate distance from the selected reference area, 45° to the downwind leg, with the first circuit to the left.
5. Applies adequate wind-drift correction during straight-andturning flight to maintain a constant ground track around the rectangular reference area.
6. Divides attention between airplane control and the ground track and maintains coordinated flight.
7. Exits at the point of entry at the same altitude and airspeed at which the maneuver was started, and reverses course as directed by the examiner.
8. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters); maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.
B. TASK: S-TURNS REFERENCE: AC 61-21.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to S-turns.
2. Determines the wind direction and speed.
3. Selects the reference line with an emergency landing area within gliding distance.
4. Plans the maneuver so as to enter at 600 to 1,000 feet (180 to 300 meters) AGL, perpendicular to the selected reference line, downwind, with the first series of turns to the left.
5. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius half-circle on each side of the selected reference line.
6. Divides attention betwee n airplane control and the ground track and maintains coordinated flight.
7. Reverses course, as directed by the examiner, and exits at the point of entry at the same altitude and airspeed at which the maneuver was started.
FAA-S-8081-14 1-18
8. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters); maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.
C. TASK: TURNS AROUND A POINT REFERENCE: AC 61-21.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns around a point.
2. Determines the wind direction and speed.
3. Selects the reference point with an emergency landing area within gliding distance.
4. Plans the maneuver so as to enter at 600 to 1,000 feet (180 to 300 meters) AGL, at an appropriate distance from the reference point, with the airplane headed downwind and the first turn to the left.
5. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius circle around the selected reference point with a bank of approximately 45° at the steepest point in the turn.
6. Divides attention between airpla ne control and the ground track and maintains coordinated flight.
7. Completes two turns, exits at the point of entry at the same altitude and airspeed at which the maneuver was started, and reverses course as directed by the examiner.
8. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters); maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.
FAA-S-8081-141-19 VII. AREA OF OPERATION:
NAVIGATION A. TASK: PILOTAGE AND DEAD RECKONING REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23, AC 61-84.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of th e elements related to pilotage and dead reckoning.
2. Follows the preplanned course solely by reference to landmarks.
3. Identifies landmarks by relating surface features to chart symbols.
4. Navigates by means of precomputed headings, groundspeeds, and elapsed time.
5. Corrects for and records the differences between preflight fuel, groundspeed, and heading calculations and those determined en route.
6. Verifies the airplane's position within 3 nautical miles of the flight-planned route at all times.
7. Arrives at the en route checkpoints and destination within 5 minutes of the ETA.
8. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters) and established heading, ±15°.
9. Completes all appropriate checklists.
B. TASK: NAVIGATION SYSTEMS AND RADAR SERVICES REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23; Navigation Equipment Operation Manuals.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to navigation systems and radar services.
2. Selects and identifies the appropr iate navigation system/facility.
3. Locates the airplane's position using radials, bearings, or coordinates, as appropriate.
4. Intercepts and tracks a given radial or bearing, if appropriate.
5. Recognizes and describes the indication of station passage, if appropriate.
6. Recognizes signal loss and takes appropriate action.
7. Uses proper communication procedures when utilizing ATC radar services.
8. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters).
FAA-S-8081-14 1-20 C. TASK: DIVERSION REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to diversion.
2. Selects an appropriate alternate airport and route.
3. Diverts promptly toward the alternate airport.
4. Makes an accurate estimate of heading, groundspeed, arrival time, and fuel consumption to the alternate airport.
5. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters) and established heading, ±15°.
D. TASK: LOST PROCEDURES REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to lost procedures.
2. Selects the best course of action when given a lost situation.
3. Maintains the original or an appropriate heading and climbs, if necessary.
4. Identifies the nearest concentration of prominent landmarks.
5. Uses navigation systems/facilities and/or contacts an ATC facility for assistance, as appropriate.
6. Plans a precautionary landing if deteriorating weather and/or fuel exhaustion is imminent.
FAA-S-8081-141-21 VIII. AREA OF OPERATION:
SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS A. TASK: MANEUVERING DURING SLOW FLIGHT REFERENCES: AC 61-21; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA- Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to maneuvering during slow flight.
2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet (460 meters) AGL or the recommended altitude, whichever is higher.
3. Stabilizes the airspeed at 1.2 Vs1, +10/-5 knots.
4. Accomplishes coordinated straight-and-level flight and level turns, at bank angles and in configurations, as specified by the examiner.
5. Accomplishes coordinated climbs and descents, straight and turning, at bank angles and in configurations as specified by the examiner.
6. Divides attention between airplane control and orientation.
7. Maintains the specified altitude, ±100 feet (30 meters); the specified heading, ±10°; and the specified airspeed, +10/-5 knots.
8. Maintains the specified angle of bank, not to exceed 30° in level flight, +0/-10°; maintains the specified angle of bank, not to exceed 20° in climbing or descending flight, +0/-10°; rolls out on the specified heading, ±10°; and levels off from climbs and descents within ±100 feet (30 meters).
B. TASK: POWER-OFF STALLS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-67; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to power-off stalls. This shall include an understanding of the aerodynamics of a stall which occurs as a result of uncoordinated flight. Emphasis shall be placed upon recognition of and recovery from a power-off stall.
2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet (460 meters) AGL or the recommended altitude, whichever is higher.
FAA-S-8081-14 1-22
3. Establishes a stabilized approach in the approach or landing configuration, as specified by the examiner.
4. Transitions smoothly from the approach or landing attitude to the pitch attitude that will induce a stall.
5. Maintains a specified heading, ±10°, if in straight flight;
maintains a specified angle of bank not to exceed 30°, +0/-10°, if in turning flight, while inducing the stall.
6. Recognizes and announces the first aerodynamic indications of the oncoming stall, i.e., buffeting or decay of control effectiveness.
7. Recovers promptly after a stall occurs by simultaneously decreasing the pitch attitude, applying power, and leveling the wings to return to a straight-and-level flight attitude with a minimum loss of altitude appropriate for the airplane.
8. Retracts the flaps to the recommended setting; retracts the landing gear, if retractable, after a positive rate of climb is established; accelerates to VY before the final flap retraction;
returns to the altitude, heading, and airspeed specified by the examiner.
C. TASK: POWER-ON STALLS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-67; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to power-on stalls. This shall include an understanding of the aerodynamics of a stall which occurs as a result of uncoordinated flight. Emphasis shall be placed upon recognition of and recovery from a power-on stall.
2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet (460 meters) AGL or the recommended altitude, whichever is higher.
3. Establishes the takeoff or departure configuratio n, airspeed, and power as specified by the examiner.
4. Transitions smoothly from the takeoff or departure attitude to the pitch attitude that will induce a stall.
5. Maintains a specified heading, ±10°, if in straight flight;
maintains a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, +0/-10°, if in turning flight, while inducing the stall.
6. Recognizes and announces the first aerodynamic indications of the oncoming stall, i.e., buffeting or decay of control effectiveness.
FAA-S-8081-141-23
7. Recovers promptly after a stall occurs by simultaneously decreasing the pitch attitude, applying power as appropriate, and leveling the wings to return to a straight-and-level flight attitude with a minimum loss of altitude appropriate for the airplane.
8. Retracts the flaps to the recommended setting; retracts the landing gear, if retractable, after a positive rate of climb is established; accelerates to VY before the final flap retraction;
returns to the altitude, heading, and airspeed specified by the examiner.
D. TASK: SPIN AWARENESS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-67; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to spin awareness by explaining:
1. Flight situations where unintentional spins may occur.
2. The technique used to recognize and recover from unintentional spins.
3. The recommended spin recovery procedure for the airplane used for the practical test.
FAA-S-8081-14 1-24 IX. AREA OF OPERATION:
BASIC INSTRUMENT MANEUVERS A. TASK: STRAIGHT-AND-LEVEL FLIGHT REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-27.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to attitude instrument flying during straight-and-level flight.
2. Maintains straight-and-level flight solely by reference to instruments using proper instrument cross-check and interpretation, and coordinated control application.
3. Maintains altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters); heading, ±20°; and airspeed, ±10 knots.
B. TASK: CONSTANT AIRSPEED CLIMBS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-27.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to attitude instrument flying during straight, constant airspeed climbs.
2. Establishes the climb configuration specified by the examiner.
3. Transitions to the climb pitch attitude and power setting on an assigned heading using proper instrument cross-check and interpretation, and coordinated control application.
4. Demonstrates climbs solely by reference to instruments at a constant airspeed to specific altitudes in straight flight.
5. Levels off at the assigned altitude and maintains that altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters); maintains heading, ±20°; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.
FAA-S-8081-141-25 C. TASK: CONSTANT AIRSPEED DESCENTS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-27.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to attitude instrument flying during straight, constant airspeed descents.
2. Establishes the descent configuration specified by the examiner.
3. Transitions to the descent pitch attitude and power setting on an assigned heading using proper instrument cross-check and interpretation, and coordinated control application.
4. Demonstrates descents solely by reference to instruments at a constant airspeed to specific altitudes in straight flight.
5. Levels off at the assigned altitude and maintains that altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters); maintains heading, ±20°; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.
D. TASK: TURNS TO HEADINGS REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-27.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to attitude instrument flying during turns to headings.
2. Transitions to the level-turn attitude using proper instrument cross-check and interpretation, and coordinated control application.
3. Demonstrates turns to headings solely by reference to instruments; maintains altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters);
maintains a standard rate turn and rolls out on the assigned heading, ±20°; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.
E. TASK: RECOVERY FROM UNUSUAL FLIGHT ATTITUDES REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-27.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to attitude instrument flying during unusual attitudes.
2. Recognizes unusual flight attitudes solely by reference to instruments; recovers promptly to a stabilized level flight attitude using proper instrument cross-check and interpretation and smooth, coordinated control application in the correct sequence.
FAA-S-8081-14 1-26 F. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS, NAVIGATION
SYSTEMS/FACILITIES, AND RADAR SERVICES REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23, AC 61-27.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio communications, navigation systems/facilities, and radar services available for use during flight solely by reference to instruments.
2. Selects the proper frequency and identifies the appropriate facility.
3. Follows verbal instructions and/or navigation systems/facilities for guidance.
4. Determines the minimum safe altitude.
5. Maintains altitude, ±200 feet (60 meters); maintains heading, ±20°; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.
FAA-S-8081-141-27 X. AREA OF OPERATION:
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS A. TASK: EMERGENCY DESCENT REFERENCES: AC 61-21; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA- Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to an emergency descent.
2. Recognizes the urgency of an emergency descent.
3. Establishes the recommended emerge ncy descent configuration and airspeed, and maintains that airspeed, ±5 knots.
4. Demonstrates orientation, division of attention, and proper planning.
5. Follows the appropriate emergency checklist.
B. TASK: EMERGENCY APPROACH AND LANDING REFERENCES: AC 61-21; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA- Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to emergency approach and landing procedures.
2. Establishes and maintains the recomm ended best-glide attitude, configuration, and airspeed, ±10 knots.
3. Selects a suitable emergency landing area within gliding distance.
4. Plans and follows a flight pattern to the selected landing area considering altitude, wind, terrain, and obstructions.
5. Attempts to determine the reason for the malfunction and makes the correction, if possible.
6. Maintains positive control of the airplane at all times.
7. Follows the appropriate emergency checklist.