FAA-S-8081-7A49 C. TASK: HOVER TAXI REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; AIM; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of hover taxi by describing—
a. how to maintain proper RPM.
b. maintaining desired ground track and heading.
c. how to make precise turns to headings.
d. holding recommended hovering altitude.
e. appropriate groundspeed.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to hover taxi by describing—
a. improper RPM control.
b. improper control of heading and track.
c. erratic altitude control.
d. misuse of flight controls.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains hover taxi from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corr ects simulated common errors related to hover taxi.
FAA-S-8081-7A 50 D. TASK: AIR TAXI REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; AIM; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of air taxi by describing—
a. how to maintain proper RPM.
b. selection of an altitude and airspeed appropriate for the operation.
c. proper use of collective pitch, cyclic, and anti-torque pedals to maintain desired track and groundspeed in headwind and crosswind conditions.
d. compensation for wind effect.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to air taxi by describing—
a. improper RPM control.
b. erratic altitude and airspeed control.
c. improper use of collective pitch, cyclic, and anti-torque pedals during operation.
d. improper use of controls to compensate for wind effect.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains air taxi from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to air taxi.
FAA-S-8081-7A51 E. TASK: SLOPE OPERATION REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a slope operation by describing—
a. factors to consider in selection of slope.
b. planning and performance of a slope operation, considering wind effect, obstacles, and discharging of passengers.
c. effect of slope surface texture.
d. how to maintain proper RPM.
e. control technique during descent to touchdown on a slope.
f. use of brakes (if applicable).
g. factors that should be considered to avoid dynamic rollover.
h. technique during a slope takeoff and departure.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a slope operation by describing—
a. improper planning selection of, approach to, or departure from the slope.
b. failure to consider wind effects.
c. improper RPM control.
d. turning tail of the helicopter upslope.
e. lowering downslope skid or wheels too rapidly.
f. sliding downslope.
g. improper use of brakes (if applicable).
h. conditions that, if allowed to develop, may result in dynamic rollover.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a slope operation from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a slope operation.
FAA-S-8081-7A 52 VIII. AREA OF OPERATION:
TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS NOTE: The examiner shall select at least one takeoff TASK and one approach TASK.
A. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND CLIMB REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a normal and crosswind takeoff and climb by describing—
a. consideration of wind conditions.
b. factors affecting takeoff and climb performance.
c. how to maintain proper RPM.
d. how to establish a stationary position on the surface or a stabilized hover, prior to takeoff in headwind and crosswind conditions.
e. presence of effective translational lift.
f. acceleration to a normal climb.
g. climb airspeed and power setting.
h. crosswind correction and ground track during climb.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a normal and crosswind takeoff and climb by describing—
a. improper RPM control.
b. improper use of cyclic, collective pitch, or anti-torque pedals.
c. failure to use sufficient power to avoid settling prior to entering effective translational lift.
d. improper coordination of attitude and power during initial phase of climb-out.
e. failure to establish and maintain climb power and airspeed.
f. drift during climb.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a normal or a crosswind takeoff and climb from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a normal or a crosswind takeoff and climb.
FAA-S-8081-7A53 B. TASK: MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE TAKEOFF AND CLIMB REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a maximum performance takeoff and climb by describing—
a. importance of considering performance data, to include height/velocity diagram.
b. factors related to takeoff and climb performance of the aircraft.
c. how to establish and maintain proper RPM.
d. preparatory technique prior to increasing collective pitch to initiate takeoff.
e. technique to initiate takeoff and establish a forward climb attitude to clear obstacles
f. transition to normal climb power and airspeed.
g. crosswind correction and track during climb.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a maximum performance takeoff and climb by describing—
a. failure to consider performance data, including height/velocity diagram.
b. improper RPM control.
c. improper use of cyclic, collective pitch, or anti-torque pedals.
d. failure to use the predetermined power setting for establishing attitude and airspeed appropriate to the obstacles to be cleared.
e. failure to resume normal climb power and airspeed after obstacle clearance.
f. drift during climb.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a maximum performance takeoff and climb from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a maximum performance takeoff and climb.
FAA-S-8081-7A 54 C. TASK: ROLLING TAKEOFF NOTE: This TASK applies only to helicopters equipped with wheeltype landing gear.
REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081- 15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a rolling takeoff by describing—
a. situations where this maneuver is recommended.
b. factors related to takeoff and climb performance of the aircraft.
c. how to establish and maintain proper RPM.
d. preparatory technique prior to initiating takeoff.
e. how to initiate forward accelerating movement on the surface.
f. indication of reaching effective translational lift.
g. transition to a normal climb airspeed and power setting.
h. crosswind correction and track during climb.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a rolling takeoff by describing—
a. improper RPM control.
b. improper use of cyclic, collective pitch, or anti-torque pedals.
c. failure to maintain heading and ground track.
d. failure to attain effective translational lift prior to attempting transition to flight.
e. use of excessive forward cyclic during the surface run.
f. settling back to the takeoff surface after becoming airborne.
g. excessive altitude prior to attaining climb airspeed.
h. failure to establish and maintain climb power and airspeed.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a rolling takeoff from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a rolling takeoff.
FAA-S-8081-7A55 D. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND APPROACH REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a normal and crosswind approach by describing—
a. factors affecting performance.
b. how to maintain proper RPM.
c. establishment and maintenance of the recommended approach angle and rate of closure.
d. coordination of flight controls.
e. crosswind correction and ground track.
f. loss of effective translational lift.
g. how to terminate the approach.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a normal and crosswind approach by describing—
a. improper RPM control.
b. improper approach angle.
c. improper use of cyclic to control rate of closure and collective pitch to control approach angle.
d. failure to coordinate pedal corrections with power changes.
e. failure to arrive at the termination point at zero groundspeed.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a normal or a crosswind approach from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a normal or a crosswind approach.
FAA-S-8081-7A 56 E. TASK: STEEP APPROACH REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a steep approach by describing—
a. purpose of the maneuver.
b. importance of considering performance data, to include height/velocity diagram.
c. selection of proper approach angle for obstacle clearance.
d. how to maintain proper RPM.
e. establishment and maintenance of t he appropriate approach angle and rate of closure.
f. coordination of flight controls.
g. crosswind correction and ground track.
h. location where effective translational lift is lost.
i. how to terminate the approach.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a steep approach by describing—
a. improper approach angle.
b. improper RPM control.
c. improper use of cyclic to control rate of closure and collective pitch to control approach angle.
d. failure to coordinate pedal correction s with power changes.
e. failure to arrive at the termination point at zero groundspeed.
f. inability to determine location where effective translational lift is lost.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a steep approach from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a steep approach.
FAA-S-8081-7A57 F. TASK: SHALLOW APPROACH AND RUNNING/ROLL-ON
LANDING REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a shallow approach and running/roll-on landing by describing—
a. purpose of the maneuver.
b. effect of landing surface texture.
c. factors affecting performance.
d. how to maintain proper RPM.
e. obstacles and other hazards which should be considered.
f. establishment and maintenance of the recommended approach angle and rate of closure.
g. coordination of flight controls.
h. crosswind correction and ground track.
i. loss of effective translational lift.
j. transition from descent to surface contact.
k. flight control technique after surface contact.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a shallow approach and running/roll-on landing by describing—
a. improper RPM control.
b. improper approach angle.
c. improper use of cyclic to control rate of closure and collective pitch to control approach angle.
d. failure to coordinate pedal corrections with power changes.
e. failure to maintain a speed that w ill take advantage of effective translational lift during final phase of approach.
f. touching down at an excessive groundspeed.
g. failure to touch down in appropriate attitude.
h. failure to maintain directional control after touchdown.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a shallow approach and running/roll -on landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a shallow approach and running/roll-on landing.
FAA-S-8081-7A 58 G. TASK: GO-AROUND REFERENCES: AC 60 -14, AC 61 -13; FAA-S-8081-15, FAA-S-8081-16; Helicopter Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a goaround by describing—
a. situations where a go-around is necessary.
b. importance of making a timely decision, considering obstacles, loss of translational lift, and engine response time.
c. proper use of power throughout maneuver.
d. timely and coordinated application of flight controls during transition to climb attitude.
e. proper track and obstacle clearance during climb.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a go-around by describing—
a. failure to recognize a situation where a go-around is necessary.
b. hazards of delaying the decision to go around.
c. improper application of flight controls during transition to climb attitude.
d. failure to control drift and clear obstacles safely.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a go-around from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a go-around.
FAA-S-8081-7A59 IX. AREA OF OPERATION:
FUNDAMENTALS OF FLIGHT NOTE: The examiner shall select at least one TASK.
A. TASK: STRAIGHT-AND-LEVEL FLIGHT REFERENCES: AC 60-14, AC 61-13.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of straightand-level flight by describing—
a. effect and use of flight controls.
b. the Integrated Flight Instruction method.
c. trim technique.
d. methods that can be used to overcome t enseness and overcontrolling.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to straight-and-level flight by describing—
a. improper coordination of flight controls.
b. failure to cross-check and correctly interpret outside and instrument references.
c. faulty trim technique.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains straight-and-level flight from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to straight-and-level flight.
FAA-S-8081-7A 60 B. TASK: LEVEL TURNS REFERENCES: AC 60-14, AC 61-13.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of level turns by describing—
a. effect and use of flight controls.
b. the Integrated Flight Instruction method.
c. trim technique.
d. methods that can be used to overcome tenseness and overcontrolling.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to level turns by describing—
a. improper coordination of flight controls.
b. failure to cross-check and correctl y interpret outside and instrument references.
c. faulty trim technique.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains level turns from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to level turns.