FAA-S-8081-20 2-20
7. Requests clearance, if appropriate, to the alternate airport, another approach, a holding fix, or as directed by the examiner.
8. Maintains the desired altitudes ±100 feet (30 meters), airspeed ±5 knots, heading ±5°, and accurately tracks courses, radials, and bearings.
FAA-S-8081-202-21 VI. AREA OF OPERATION: LANDINGS AND APPROACHES
TO LANDINGS NOTE: Notwithstanding the authorizations for the combining of maneuvers and for the waiver of maneuvers, the applicant must make at least four landings to a hover or to the ground. These landings must include the types listed in this AREA OF OPERATION; however, more than one type may be combined where appropriate (i.e., crosswind and landing from a precision approach or landing with simulated powerplant failure, etc.).
A. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND APPROACHES
AND LANDINGS REFERENCES: Part 61; AC 61-13; Pilot's Operating Handbook, RFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits adequate knowledge of normal and crosswind approaches and landings including recommended approach angles, airspeeds, V-speeds, configurations, performance limitations, wake turbulence, and safety factors (as appropriate to the helicopter).
2. Establishes the approach and landing configuration appropriate for the runway or designated landing area and meteorological conditions, and adjusts the powerplant controls as required.
3. Maintains a ground track, within ±5°, that ensures the desired traffic pattern will be flown, taking into account any obstructions and ATC or examiner instructions.
4. Verifies existing wind conditions, makes proper correction for drift, and maintains a precise ground track.
5. Maintains a normal approach angle and recommended airspeed and a normal rate of closure to the point of transition to a hover or touchdown.
6. Terminates the approach in a smooth transition to a hover or to a touchdown within 2 feet (.6 meter) of the designated point. (If a hover termination is specified, it will be within ±2 feet (.6 meter) of recommended hovering altitude.)
7. Completes the applicable after-landing checklist items in a timely manner and as recommended by the manufacturer.
FAA-S-8081-20 2-22 B. TASK: APPROACH AND LANDING WITH SIMULATED POWERPLANT FAILURE—MULTIENGINE
HELICOPTER REFERENCES: Part 61; AC 61-13; Pilot's Operating Handbook, RFM.
NOTE: In a multiengine helicopter maneuvering to a landing, the applicant should follow a procedure that simulates the loss of one powerplant.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits adequate knowledge of maneuvering to a landing with a powerplant inoperative, including the controllability factors associated with maneuvering, and the applicable emergency procedures.
2. Proceeds toward the nearest suitable airport or landing area.
3. Maintains, prior to beginning the final approach segment, the desired altitude ±100 feet (30 meters), the desired airspeed ±10 knots, the desired heading ±5°, and accurately tracks courses, radials, and bearings.
4. Establishes the approach and landing configuration appropriate for the runway or landing area, and meteorological conditions; and adjusts the powerplant controls as required.
5. Maintains a normal approach angle and recommended airspeed to the point of transition to touchdown.
6. Terminates the approach in a smooth transition to touchdown.
7. Completes the after-landing checklist items in a timely manner, after clearing the runway, and as recommended by the manufacturer.
FAA-S-8081-202-23 C. TASK: REJECTED LANDING REFERENCES: Part 61; AC 61-13; Pilot's Operating Handbook, RFM; FSB Report.
NOTE: The maneuver may be combined with instrument or missed approach procedures, but instrument conditions need not be simulated below 100 feet (30 meters) above the runway or landing area. This maneuver should be initiated approximately 50 feet (15 meters) above the runway and approximately over the runway threshold or as recommended by the FSB Report.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits adequate knowledge of a rejected landing procedure, including the conditions that dictate a rejected landing, the importance of a timely decision, the recommended airspeed/V-speeds, and also the applicable “clean-up” procedure.
2. Makes a timely decision to reject the landing for actual or simulated circumstances.
3. Applies the appropriate power setting for the flight condition and establishes a pitch attitude necessary to obtain the desired performance.
4. Adjusts helicopter configuration and retracts the landing gear, if appropriate, in the correct sequence and at a safe altitude, establishes a positive rate of climb and the appropriate airspeed/V-speed within ±5 knots.
5. Trims the helicopter as necessary, and maintains the proper ground track, within ±5°, during the rejected landing procedure.
6. Accomplishes the appropriate checklist items in a timely manner in accordance with approved procedures.
FAA-S-8081-20 2-24 VII. AREA OF OPERATION: NORMAL AND
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES REFERENCES: Part 61; AC 61-13; Pilot's Operating Handbook, RFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Possesses adequate knowledge of the normal and abnormal procedures of the systems, subsystems, and devices relative to the helicopter type (as may be determined by the examiner).
2. Demonstrates the proper use of the helicopter's systems, subsystems, and devices (as may be determined by the examiner) appropriate to the helicopter, such as—
a. powerplant.
b. fuel system.
c. electrical system.
d. hydraulic system.
e. environmental system.
f. fire detection and extinguishing systems.
g. navigation and avionics systems.
h. automatic flight control system, electronic flight instrument system, and related subsystems.
i. flight control systems.
j. anti-ice and deice systems.
k. helicopter and personal emergency equipment.
l. loss of tail rotor effectiveness.
m. other systems, subsystems, and devices specific to the type helicopter.
FAA-S-8081-202-25 VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY PROCEDURES REFERENCES: Part 61; Pilot's Operating Handbook, RFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Possesses adequate knowledge of the emergency procedures (as may be determined by the examiner) relating to the particular helicopter type.
2. Demonstrates the proper emergency procedures (as must be determined by the examiner) relating to the particular helicopter type, including—
a. inflight fire and smoke removal.
b. emergency descent.
c. autorotation, with a power recovery.
d. ditching.
e. emergency evacuation.
3. Demonstrates the proper procedure f or any other emergency outlined (as must be determined by the examiner) in the appropriate approved helicopter RFM.
FAA-S-8081-20 2-26 IX. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES A. TASK: AFTER-LANDING PROCEDURES REFERENCES: Pilot's Operating Handbook, RFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits adequate knowledge of safe after-landing/taxi procedures (as appropriate to the helicopter).
2. Demonstrates proficiency by maintaining correct and positive helicopter control. This includes hovering taxi, air taxiing; and in helicopters with wheels, includes ground taxiing. In helicopters equipped with float devices, this includes water taxiing, approaching a buoy, and docking.
3. Maintains proper spacing on other helicopter, obstructions, and persons.
4. Accomplishes the applicable checklist items and performs the recommended procedures.
5. Maintains the desired track and speed.
6. Complies with instructions issued by ATC (or the examiner simulating ATC).
7. Observes runway hold lines, localizer and glide slope critical areas, and other surface control markings and lighting.
8. Maintains constant vigilance and control of the helicopter during the taxi operation.
B. TASK: PARKING AND SECURING REFERENCES: Pilot's Operating Handbook, RFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits adequate knowledge of the parking and the securing helicopter procedures.
2. Demonstrates adequate knowledge of the helicopter forms/logs to record the flight time/discrepancies.
APPENDIX 1 TASK VS. SIMULATION DEVICE CREDIT
FAA-S-8081-20Appendix 1-1 Appendix 1 - Helicopters TASK VS. SIMULATION DEVICE CREDIT Examiners conducting the Airline Transport Pilot and Aircraft Type Rating Practical Tests with simulation devices should consult appropriate documentation to ensure that the device has been approved for training, testing, and checking the TASKS in question. The documentation for each device should reflect that the following activities have occurred:
1. The device must be evaluated, determined to meet the appropriate standards, and assigned the appropriate qualification level by the National Simulator Program Manager. The device must continue to meet qualification standards through continuing evaluations as outlined in the appropriate advisory circular (AC). For helicopter simulators, AC 120-63 (as amended), Helicopter Simulator Qualification, will be used.
2. The FAA must approve the device for training, testing, and checking specific TASKS listed in this appendix.
3. The device must continue to support the level of student or applicant performance required by this PTS.
NOTE: Users of the following chart are cautioned that use of the chart alone is incomplete. The description and Objective of each TASK as listed in the body of the PTS, including all NOTES, must also be incorporated for accurate simulation device use.
USE OF CHART X Creditable.
X1 Creditable only if accomplished in conjunction with a running takeoff or running landing, as appropriate.
NOTE: 1. The helicopter may be used for all TASKS.
2. Level C simulators may be used as indicated only if the applicant meets established prerequisite experience requirements.
3. Level A helicopter simulator standards have not been defined.
4. Helicopter flight training devices have not been defined.
FAA-S-8081-20Appendix 1-2 FLIGHT TASK LEVEL of SIMULATION DEVICE Areas of Operation: Section Two 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A B C D II. Preflight Procedures A. Preflight Inspection (Cockpit Only) X X X B. Powerplant Start X X X C1. Taxiing - Ground X X X C2. Taxii ng - Hover X X D. Pretakeoff Checks X X X III. Takeoff and Departure Phase A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff X1 X X B. Instrument Takeoff X1 X X C. Powerplant Failure During Takeoff X1 X X D. Rejected Takeoff X1 X X E. Instrument Departure X X X IV. Inflight Maneuvers A. Steep Turns X X X B. Powerplant Failure - Multiengine Helicopters X X X C. Powerplant Failure - Single-Engine Helicopters X X X D. Recovery From Unusual Attitudes X X X E. Settling-With-Power X X
FAA-S-8081-20Appendix 1-3 FLIGHT TASK LEVEL of SIMULATION DEVICE Areas of Operation: Section Two (Cont.) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A B C D V. Instrument Procedures A. Instrument Arrival X X X B. Holding X X X C1. Precision Instrument Approach (Normal) X X X C2. Precision Inst. Approach (Manual/Pwrplnt Fail.) X X X D. Nonprecision Instrument Approaches X X X E1. Missed Approach (Normal) X X X E2. Missed Approach (Powerplant Failure) X X X VI. Landings and Approaches to Landings A. Normal and Crosswind Approaches and Landings X1 X X B. Approach and Landing with Simulated Powerplant Failure—Multiengine Helicopter X1 X X C. Rejected Landing X X X VII. Normal and Abnormal Procedures (*1) A. Powerplant X X X B. Fuel System X X X C. Electrical System X X X D. Hydraulic System X X X E. Environmental System(s) X X X (*1) Evaluation of normal and abnormal procedures can usually be accomplished in conjunction with other events and does not normally require a specific event to test the applicant’s use of the aircraft systems and devices. An applicant’s performance must be evaluated on the maintenance of helicopter control, the ability to recognize and analyze abnormal indications, and the ability to apply corrective procedures in a timely manner.
FAA-S-8081-20Appendix 1-4 FLIGHT TASK LEVEL of SIMULATION DEVICE Areas of Operation: Section Two (Cont.) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A B C D VII. Normal and Abnormal Procedures (Cont.) (*1) F. Fire Detection and Extinguisher Systems X X X G. Navigation and Aviation Systems X X X H. Automatic Flight Control System, Electronic X X X Flight Instrument System, and Related Subsys.
I. Flight Control Systems X X X J. Anti-ice and Deice Systems X X X K. Aircraft and Personal Emergency Equipment X X X L. Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness X X M. Others, as determined by make, model, or series VIII. Emergency Procedures A. Emergency Descent X X X B. Inflight Fire and Smoke Removal X X X C. Emergency Evacuation X X X D. Ditching X X E. Autorotative Landing X X IX. Postflight Procedures A. After-Landing Procedures X X X B. Parking and Securing X X X (*1) Evaluation of normal and abnormal procedures can usually be accomplished in conjunction with other events and does not normally require a specific event to test the applicant’s use of the aircraft systems and devices. An applicant’s performance must be evaluated on the maintenance of helicopter control, the ability to recognize and analyze abnormal indications, and the ability to apply corrective procedures in a timely manner.