FAA-S-8081-8A 1-2 C. TASK: THE TEACHING PROCESS REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of the teaching process by describing:
1. Preparation of a lesson for a ground or flight instructional period.
2. Presentation of knowledge and skills, including the methods which are suitable in particular situations.
3. Application, by the student, of the knowledge and skills presented by the instructor.
4. Review of the material presented and the evaluation of student performance and accomplishment.
D. TASK: TEACHING METHODS REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of teaching methods by describing:
1. The organization of a lesson, i.e., introduction, development, and conclusion.
2. The lecture method.
3. The guided discussion method.
4. The demonstration-performance method.
5. Computer and/or video assisted instruction.
E. TASK: CRITIQUE AND EVALUATION REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of critique and evaluation by describing:
1. Purpose and characteristics of an effective critique.
2. Difference between critique and evaluation.
3. Characteristics of effective oral questions and what type to avoid.
4. Responses to student questions.
5. Characteristics and development of effective written tests.
6. Characteristics and uses of performance tests, specifically, the FAA practical test standards.
FAA-S-8081-8A1-3 F. TASK: FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CHARACTERISTICS AND
RESPONSIBILITIES REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of flight instructor characteristics and responsibilities by describing:
1. Characteristics and qualifications of a professional flight instructor.
2. Role of the flight instructor in dealing with student stress, anxiety, and psychological abnormalities.
3. Flight instructor's responsibility with regard to student pilot supervision and surveillance.
4. Flight instructor's authority and responsibility for endorsements and recommendations.
5. Flight instructor's responsibility in the conduct of the required FAA flight review.
G. TASK: PLANNING INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITY REFERENCE: AC 60-14.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of planning instructional activity by describing:
1. Development of a course of training.
2. Content and use of a training syllabus.
3. Purpose, characteristics, proper use, and items of a lesson plan.
4. Flexibility features of a course of training, syllabus, and lesson plan required to accommodate students with varying backgrounds, levels of experience, and ability.
FAA-S-8081-8A 1-4 II. AREA OF OPERATION: TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS NOTE: The examiner will select TASK K and at least one other TASK.
A. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS REFERENCES: AC 61-23; AIM, Soaring Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to aeromedical factors by describing:
1. Hypoxia, its symptoms, effects, and corrective action.
2. Hyperventilation, its symptoms, effects, and corrective action.
3. Middle ear and sinus problems, their causes, effects, and corrective action.
4. Spatial disorientation, its causes, effects, and corrective action.
5. Motion sickness, its causes, effects, and corrective action.
6. Effects of alcohol and drugs, and their relationship to safety.
7. Effects of dehydration and their relationship to flight safety.
8. Carbon monoxide poisoning, its symptoms, effects and corrective action (self-launch).
9. How evolved gas from scuba diving can effect a pilot during flight.
10. Fatigue, its effects and corrective action.
B. TASK: VISUAL SCANNING AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE REFERENCES: AC 61-23, AC 90-48; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of visual scanning and collision avoidance by describing:
1. Relationship between a pilot’s physical or mental condition and vision.
2. Environmental conditions and optical illusions that affect vision.
3. “See and avoid” concept.
4. Practice of “time sharing” of attention inside and outside the cockpit.
5. Proper visual scanning technique.
6. Relationship between poor visual scanning habits, aircraft speed differential, and increased collision risk.
7. Appropriate clearing procedures.
8. Situations which involve the greatest collision risk.
FAA-S-8081-8A1-5 C. TASK: USE OF DISTRACTIONS DURING FLIGHT
TRAINING REFERENCE: AC 61-67.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to use of distractions during flight training by describing:
1. Flight situations where pilot distraction can be a causal factor related to aircraft accidents.
2. Selection of realistic distractions for specific flight situations.
3. Relationship between division of attention and flight instructor’s use of distractions.
4. Difference between proper use of distractions and harassment.
D. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT REFERENCES: AC 61-23; Soaring Flight Manual.
Objective. To d etermine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to principles of flight by describing:
1. Glider and airfoil design characteristics.
2. The three axes of rotation and stability about those axes.
3. Lift/drag relationship.
4. Forces acting on a glider in straight flight and turns.
5. Stalls and spins.
E. TASK: ELEVATORS, AILERONS, AND RUDDER REFERENCES: AC 61-23; Soaring Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to elevators, ailerons, and rudder by describing:
1. Purpose of each primary control.
2. Location, attachments, and system of control.
3. Direction of movement relative to airflow.
4. Effect on glider control.
5. Proper technique for use.
6. Adverse yaw.
FAA-S-8081-8A 1-6 F. TASK: TRIM, LIFT, AND DRAG DEVICES REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to trim, lift, and drag devices by describing:
1. Purpose.
2. Location, attachments, and system of control.
3. Direction of trim movement relative to airflow and the primary control surface.
4. Effect on glider control.
5. Proper technique for use.
G. TASK: GLIDER WEIGHT AND BALANCE REFERENCES: AC 61-23; Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of glider weight and balance by describing:
1. Weight and balance terms.
2. Effect of weight and balance on performance.
3. Determination of total weight, center of gravity, and changes that occur when adding, removing, or shifting weight.
4. Purpose and effect of removable ballast on performance.
H. TASK: NAVIGATION AND FLIGHT PLANNING REFERENCES: AC 61-23; AIM, Soaring Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to navigation and flight planning by describing:
1. Terms used in navigation.
2. Importance of using proper and current aeronautical charts.
3. Features of aeronautical charts to include identification of various types of airspace and symbols.
4. Method of plotting a course and selecting prominent en route checkpoints.
5. Fundamentals of pilotage and dead reckoning.
6. Importance of a weather check and the use of good judgment in making a “go/no-go” decision.
7. Construction of a flight profile to determine minimum flight altitude required at “go-ahead points.”
8. Factors that should be considered in the selection of a suitable landing area in the event an off-airport landing must be accomplished.
FAA-S-8081-8A1-7 I. TASK: REGULATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 1, 61, and 91; NTSB Part 830;
AC 00-2, AC 61-94; AIM, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to regulations and publications, their purpose, general content, availability, and method of revision by describing:
1. 14 CFR parts 1, 61, and 91.
2. NTSB Part 830.
3. Flight Information Publications.
4. Practical Test Standards.
5. Glider Flight Manual, if applicable.
J. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to the national airspace system by describing:
1. General dimensions and operating requirements of airspace classes.
2. Operating limitations associated with controlled, uncontrolled, special use, and other airspace.
K. TASK: LOGBOOK ENTRIES AND CERTIFICATE
ENDORSEMENTS REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 61; AC 61-65, AC 61-98.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to logbook entries and certificate endorsements by describing:
1. Required logbook entries for instruction given, including type of launches.
2. Required student pilot certificate endorsements, including appropriate logbook entries.
3. Preparation of a recommendation for a pilot practical test, including the appropriate logbook entry.
4. Required endorsement of a pilot logbook for the satisfactory completion of an FAA flight review.
5. Required flight instructor records.
FAA-S-8081-8A 1-8 III. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION NOTE: The examiner will select at least one TASK.
A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, and 91; AC 61-23; Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to certificates and documents by describing:
1. Requirements for issuance of pilot and flight instructor certificates and ratings, and the privileges and limitations of those certificates and ratings.
2. Medical fitness.
3. Airworthiness and registration certificates.
4. Glider flight manuals.
5. Glider maintenance/inspection requirements and associated records.
B. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION REFERENCES: AC 00-6, AC 00-45, AC 61-23, and AC 61-84;
Soaring Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to weather information by describing:
1. Importance of a thorough weather check.
2. Various sources for obtaining weather information.
3. Use of weather reports, forecasts, and charts, including stability charts.
4. Use of PIREP’s, SlGMET’s, and AlRMET’s.
5. Recognition of aviation weather hazards and their effects on glider operations.
6. Factors to be considered in making a “go/no-go” decision.
7. The relationship of the following factors to the lifting process—
a. pressure and temperature lapse rates.
b. atmospheric instability.
c. thermal index and thermal production.
d. cloud formation and identification.
e. frontal weather.
f. land, sea, and valley breezes.
g. orographic lift.
h. mountain waves.
FAA-S-8081-8A1-9 C. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS REFERENCES: AC 61-23; Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to the operation of systems of the glider used for the practical test, by describing:
1. Magnetic compass.
2. Yaw string or inclinometer.
3. Airspeed indicator and altimeter.
4. Variometer and total energy compensator.
5. Gyroscopic instruments.
6. Electrical.
7. Landing gear and brakes.
8. Avionics.
9. Oxygen equipment.
D. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to performance and limitations by describing:
1. Determination of weight and balance condition.
2. Use of per formance charts and other data for determining performance in various phases of flight.
3. Effects of density altitude, wind, and other atmospheric conditions on performance.
4. Applicable performance speeds, and their uses.
5. Relationship between airspeeds and load factors.
6. Purpose and effect of water ballast on performance.
7. Factors to be considered in determining that the required performance is within the glider’s capabilities and limitations.
FAA-S-8081-8A 1-10 IV. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A
MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT NOTE: The examiner shall select at least one maneuver from AREAS OF OPERATION VlI through Xll, and ask the applicant to present a preflight lesson on the selected maneuver as the lesson would be taught to a student. Previously developed lesson plans from the applicant’s library may be used.
TASK: MANEUVER LESSON REFERENCES: AC 60-14; Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the selected maneuver by:
1. Using a lesson plan that includes all essential items to make an effective and organized presentation.
2. Stating the objective.
3. Giving an accurate, comprehensive oral description of the maneuver, including the elements and associated common errors.
4. Using instructional aids, as appropriate.
5. Describing the recognition, analysis, and correction of common errors.
FAA-S-8081-8A1-11 V. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES NOTE: The examiner will select at least one TASK.
A. TASK: ASSEMBLY REFERENCES: AC 60-14; FAA-S-8081-22, FAA-S-8081-23;
Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to assembly by describing—
a. selection of a suitable assembly area and sufficient crewmembers for assembly.
b. importance of following a checklist.
c. proper handling of components.
d. cleaning and lubricating parts, as appropriate.
e. post-assembly inspection, to include accounting for parts, tools, and making a positive control check.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to assembly by describing—
a. poor planning with regard to selection of a suitable assembly area, or the availability of sufficient number of crewmembers for assembly.
b. failure to use a checklist.
c. careless handling of components.
d. failure to clean and lubricate parts, as appropriate.
e. omission, or careless performance, of a post-assembly inspection, including a positive control check.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains assembly from an instructional standpoint.
FAA-S-8081-8A 1-12 B. TASK: GROUND HANDLING REFERENCES: AC 60-14; FAA-S-8081-22, FAA-S-8081-23;
Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to ground handling by describing—
a. selection and use of proper ground handling equipment for existing conditions.
b. proper positioning and use of a sufficient number of crewmembers.
c. proper positioning and securing of controls.
d. precautions to be taken with regard to the canopy(ies).
e. importance of ensuring that placards or cautions are observed when handling glider structure.
f. importance of following a suitable route, using an appropriate speed, and being aware of obstructions.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to ground handling by describing—
a. failure to select and use proper ground handling equipment.
b. hazards of attempting to move the glider with an insufficient number of crewmembers.
c. failure to properly position or secure controls.
d. failure to secure canopy(ies).
e. failure to follow directions stated on placards.
f. poor choice of route, use of inappropriate speed, and lack of obstruction awareness.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains ground handling from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects common errors related to ground handling.
FAA-S-8081-8A1-13 C. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION REFERENCES: AC 60-14; FAA-S-8081-22, FAA-S-8081-23;
Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to a preflight inspection, as appropriate, to the glider used for the practical test, by describing—
a. reasons for the preflight inspection, items that should be inspected, and how defects are detected.
b. importance of using an appropriate checklist.
c. inspection of oxygen system, if applicable.
d. detection of visible structural damage.
e. determination that glider components are pro perly assembled and attachments secure, including flight controls.
f. ballast management, including c.g. weights and water ballast.
g. inspection of towline, tow hitch, weak link, and release mechanism.
h. use of sound judgment in determining whether glider is in condition for safe flight.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a preflight inspection by describing—
a. failure to use, or improper use of, the checklist.
b. hazards that may result from allowing distractions to interrupt a preflight inspection.
c. inability to recognize discrepancies.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a preflight inspection from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects common errors related to a preflight inspection.