Appendix A A-4
A.49 Spin training: 14 CFR § 61.183(i)(1)A-16
A.50 Helicopter Touchdown Autorotation: FAA-S-8081-7, Flight Instructor Practical Test
Standards for Rotorcraft Category Gyroplane RatingA-16
Flight Instructor With a Sport Pilot Rating Endorsement
A.51 Fundamentals of instructing knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.405(a)(1)A-16
A.52 Sport pilot flight instructor aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1)
and 61.405(a)A-16
A.53 Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating flight proficiency check for additional
category/class: 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.419A-17
A.54 Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating proficiency check completion endorsement
for additional category or class privilege: 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.419A-17
A.55 Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating practical test endorsement:
14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.411A-17
A.56 Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating practical test completion endorsement:
14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.411A-17
A.57 Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating to train sport pilots on flight by reference to
instruments: 14 CFR § 61.412A-17
A.58 Spin training: 14 CFR § 61.405(b)(1)(ii)A-18
Ground Instructor Endorsement A.59 Ground instructor who does not meet the recent experience requirements:
14 CFR § 61.217(d)A-18
Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR) 73, Robinson Helicopter Company, Robinson R-22/R-44 Special Training and Experience Requirements, Endorsements
A.60 R-22/R-44 ground training: SFAR 73, section 2(a)(1) or (2)A-18
A.61 R-22 solo endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(3)A-18
A.62 R-22 PIC endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(1)(ii)A-19
A.63 R-22 flight instructor endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iv)A-19
A.64 Flight review in an R-22 helicopter: SFAR 73, section 2(c)(1) and (3)A-19
A.65 R-44 solo endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(4)A-19
Appendix A A-5
A.66 R-44 PIC endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(2)(ii)A-19
A.67 R-44 flight instructor endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iv)A-19
A.68 Flight review in an R-44 helicopter: SFAR 73, section 2(c)(2) and (3)A-20
Additional Endorsements
A.69 Completion of a flight review: 14 CFR § 61.56(a) and (c)A-20
A.70 Completion of any phase of an FAA-sponsored Pilot Proficiency Program
(WINGS): 14 CFR § 61.56(e)A-20
A.71 Completion of an instrument proficiency check (IPC): 14 CFR § 61.57(d)A-20
A.72 To act as PIC in a complex airplane: 14 CFR § 61.31(e)A-20
A.73 To act as PIC in a high-performance airplane: 14 CFR § 61.31(f)A-21
A.74 To act as PIC in a pressurized aircraft capable of high-altitude operations:
14 CFR § 61.31(g)A-21
A.75 To act as PIC in a tailwheel airplane: 14 CFR § 61.31(i)A-21
A.76 To act as PIC of an aircraft in solo operations when the pilot does not hold an
appropriate category/class rating: 14 CFR § 61.31(d)(2)A-21
A.77 Retesting after failure of a knowledge or practical test: 14 CFR § 61.49A-21
A.78 Additional aircraft category or class rating (other than ATP):
14 CFR § 61.63(b) or (c)A-21
A.79 Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (other
than ATP): 14 CFR § 61.63(d)(2)A-22
A.80 Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class rating (other than
ATP): 14 CFR § 61.63(d)(2)A-22
A.81 Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (at the
ATP level): 14 CFR § 61.157(b)(2)A-22
A.82 Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class rating (at the ATP
level): 14 CFR § 61.157(b)(2)A-22
A.83 Launch procedures for operating a glider: 14 CFR § 61.31(j)A-22
A.84 Glider and unpowered ultralight vehicle towing experience: 14 CFR § 61.69(a)(5) ... A-22
Appendix A A-6 A.85 Glider and unpowered ultralight vehicle towing ground and flight:
14 CFR § 61.69(a)(3)A-23
A.86 Review of a home-study curriculum: 14 CFR § 61.35(a)(1)A-23
A.87 Aeronautical experience credit—ultralight vehicles: 14 CFR § 61.52A-23
Night Vision Goggles Operations (NVGO) A.88 Endorsement required for ground training to act as PIC of an aircraft using
night vision goggles (NVG): 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(1)A-23
A.89 Endorsement required for flight training and statement of proficiency to act as
PIC of an aircraft using NVG: 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(2)A-23
A.90 Endorsement required to provide training for NVGOs: 14 CFR § 61.195(k)(7)A-24
Enhanced Flight Vision System (EFVS)
A.91 Endorsement for EFVS ground training: 14 CFR § 61.66(a)A-24
A.92 Endorsement for EFVS flight training: 14 CFR § 61.66(b)A-24
A.93 Endorsement for EFVS ground and flight training: 14 CFR § 61.66(a) and (b)A-24
A.94 Endorsement for EFVS supplementary training: 14 CFR § 61.66(c)A-24
Simplified Flight Controls A.95 To act as PIC in an aircraft with a simplified flight controls designation:
14 CFR §§ 61.31(l) and 61.45(h)(1)A-25
A.96 Initial cadre training in an aircraft with simplified flight controls:
14 CFR § 61.195(n)A-25
Appendix A A-7
SAMPLE ENDORSEMENTS The following examples are recommended sample endorsements for use by authorized instructors when endorsing logbooks, or other means found acceptable to the Administrator for airmen applying for a knowledge or practical test, or when certifying accomplishment of requirements for pilot operating privileges. Each endorsement must be legible and include the instructor’s signature, date of signature, certificated flight instructor (CFI) or certificated ground instructor certificate number, and flight instructor recent experience (RE) end date or certificate expiration date, as applicable. The endorsing flight instructor may optionally include their printed name. Signature lines are no longer shown for a sample endorsement except for endorsements that someone other than a flight instructor or a ground instructor would make.
For a flight instructor certificate without an expiration date:
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones 987654321CFI RE 12-31-2026 For a flight instructor certificate with an expiration date:
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 01-31-2025 For a ground instructor:
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones 987654321
PREREQUISITES FOR THE PRACTICAL TEST ENDORSEMENT A.1 Prerequisites for practical test: 14 CFR § 61.39(a)(6)(i) and (ii).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received and logged training time within 2 calendar months preceding the month of application in preparation for the practical test and they are prepared for the required practical test for the issuance of [applicable] certificate.
A.2 Review of deficiencies identified on airman knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.39(a)(6)(iii), as required.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of the subject areas in which they were deficient on the [applicable] airman knowledge test.
STUDENT PILOT ENDORSEMENTS A.3 Pre-solo aeronautical knowledge: 14 CFR § 61.87(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has satisfactorily completed the pre-solo knowledge test of 14 CFR § 61.87(b) for the [make and model (M/M)] aircraft.
Appendix A A-8 A.4 Pre-solo flight training: 14 CFR § 61.87(c)(1) and (2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received and logged pre-solo flight training for the maneuvers and procedures that are appropriate to the [M/M] aircraft. I have determined they have demonstrated satisfactory proficiency and safety on the maneuvers and procedures required by 14 CFR § 61.87 in this or similar make and model of aircraft to be flown.
A.5 Pre-solo flight training at night: 14 CFR § 61.87(o). Flight training must be received within the 90-calendar-day period preceding the date of the flight.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received flight training at night on night flying procedures that include takeoffs, approaches, landings, and go-arounds at night at the [airport name] airport where the solo flight will be conducted; navigation training at night in the vicinity of the [airport name] airport where the solo flight will be conducted.
This endorsement expires 90 calendar days from the date the flight training at night was received.
A.6 Solo flight (first 90-calendar-day period): 14 CFR § 61.87(n).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training to qualify for solo flying. I have determined they meet the applicable requirements of 14 CFR § 61.87(n) and are proficient to make solo flights in [M/M].
A.7 Solo flight (each additional 90-calendar-day period): 14 CFR § 61.87(p).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training to qualify for solo flying. I have determined that they meet the applicable requirements of 14 CFR § 61.87(p) and are proficient to make solo flights in [M/M].
A.8 Solo takeoffs and landings at another airport within 25 nautical miles (NM):
14 CFR § 61.93(b)(1).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.93(b)(1). I have determined that they are proficient to practice solo takeoffs and landings at [airport name]. The takeoffs and landings at [airport name] are subject to the following conditions: [List any applicable conditions or limitations.] A.9 Solo cross-country flight: 14 CFR § 61.93(c)(1) and (2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required solo cross-country training. I find they have met the applicable requirements of 14 CFR § 61.93 and are proficient to make solo cross-country flights in a [M/M] aircraft, [aircraft category].
A.10 Solo cross-country flight: 14 CFR § 61.93(c)(3).
I have reviewed the cross-country planning of [First name, MI, Last name]. I find the planning and preparation to be correct to make the solo flight from [origination airport] to
Appendix A A-9 [origination airport] via [route of flight] with landings at [names of the airports] in a [M/M] aircraft on [date]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.] A.11 Repeated solo cross-country flights not more than 50 NM from the point of departure: 14 CFR § 61.93(b)(2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in both directions between and at both [airport names]. I have determined that they are proficient of 14 CFR § 61.93(b)(2) to conduct repeated solo cross-country flights over that route, subject to the following conditions: [List any applicable conditions or limitations.] A.12 Solo flight in Class B airspace: 14 CFR § 61.95(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.95(a). I have determined they are proficient to conduct solo flights in [name of Class B] airspace. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.] A.13 Solo flight to, from, or at an airport located in Class B airspace: 14 CFR §§ 61.95(b) and 91.131(b)(1).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.95(b)(1). I have determined that they are proficient to conduct solo flight operations at [name of airport]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.] A.14 Endorsement of U.S. citizenship recommended by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA): Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR) § 1552.15(c). The flight instructor must keep a copy of the documents used to provide proof of citizenship for 5 years or make the following endorsement in the student’s logbook and the instructor’s logbook or other record used to record flight student endorsements with the following:
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has presented me a [type of document presented, such as a U.S. birth certificate or U.S. passport, and the relevant control or sequential number on the document, if any] establishing that they are a U.S. citizen or national in accordance with 49 CFR § 1552.7(a).
ADDITIONAL STUDENT PILOT ENDORSEMENTS FOR STUDENTS SEEKING
SPORT OR RECREATIONAL PILOT CERTIFICATES A.15 Solo flight in Class B, C, and D airspace: 14 CFR § 61.94(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.94(a). I have determined they are proficient to conduct solo flights in [name of Class B, C, or D] airspace and authorized to operate to, from, through, and at [name of airport]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
Appendix A A-10 A.16 Solo flight to, from, or at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace or at an airport having an operational control tower: 14 CFR §§ 61.94(a) and 91.131(b)(1).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.94(a)(1). I have determined that they are proficient to conduct solo flight operations at [name of airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace or an airport having an operational control tower]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
SPORT PILOT ENDORSEMENTS A.17 Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.309.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required aeronautical knowledge training of 14 CFR § 61.309. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.18 Taking flight proficiency check for different category or class of aircraft: 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311 and have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] proficiency check.
/s/ [date] S. P. (Instructor name) 987654321 RE 12-31-2026 Note: Cannot be provided to applicants seeking an airplane or helicopter privilege. Must accomplish a practical test, 14 CFR § 61.321(b).
A.19 Passing flight proficiency check for different category or class of aircraft: 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has met the requirements of 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311, and I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of [category and class of] aircraft.
/s/ [date] S. P. (Instructor name) 987654321 RE 12-31-2026 Note: Cannot be provided to applicants seeking an airplane or helicopter privilege. Must accomplish a practical test, 14 CFR § 61.321(b).
A.20 Taking sport pilot practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.309, 61.311, and 61.313.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the training required in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311 and met the aeronautical experience requirements of 14 CFR § 61.313. I have determined that they are prepared for the [type of] practical test.
Appendix A A-11 Note: The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in endorsements 1 and 2 (see paragraphs A.1 and A.2).
A.21 Passing a sport pilot practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.309, 61.311, and 61.313. This endorsement is required by 14 CFR § 61.317 and is issued by an examiner.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has met the requirements of 14 CFR §§ 61.309,
61.311, and 61.313, and I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of [category and class of] aircraft.
/s/ [date] Examiner 987654321 RE 12-31-2026 A.22 Passing a sport pilot practical test with a simplified flight controls limitation:
14 CFR § 61.45(g)(4)(ii). This endorsement is required by 14 CFR § 61.45 and is issued by an examiner.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has successfully completed the practical test in [category/class/model] with simplified flight controls designation and is authorized to act as pilot in command in [aircraft category/class] limited to [aircraft model] with simplified flight controls designation.
/s/ [date] Examiner 987654321 RE 12-31-2026 A.23 Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower: 14 CFR § 61.325.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.325. I have determined they are proficient to conduct operations in Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower.
A.24 Aircraft that has a maximum speed in level flight with maximum continuous power (VH) less than or equal to 87 Knots Calibrated Airspeed (KCAS): 14 CFR § 61.327.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.327(a) in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of an aircraft that has a VH less than or equal to 87 KCAS.
A.25 Aircraft that has a VH greater than 87 KCAS: 14 CFR § 61.327.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.327(b) in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of an aircraft that has a VH greater than 87 KCAS.
Appendix A A-12 A.26 Flight training at night: 14 CFR § 61.329.
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training at night in a [category and class] aircraft. I have determined they meet all of the requirements of 14 CFR § 61.329(a) and are proficient to operate as a sport pilot at night.
A.27 To act as pilot in command (PIC) in an aircraft with retractable landing gear:
14 CFR § 61.331(a).
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.331(a) in an aircraft with retractable landing gear. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation of an aircraft with retractable landing gear when exercising their sport pilot privileges.
A.28 To act as PIC in an airplane with a manual controllable pitch propeller: 14 CFR § 61.331(b).
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.331(b) in an airplane with a controllable pitch propeller. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation of an airplane with a controllable pitch propeller when exercising their sport pilot privileges.
RECREATIONAL PILOT ENDORSEMENTS A.29 Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1), 61.96(b)(3), and 61.97(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.97(b). I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.30 Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.96(b)(5), 61.98(a) and (b), and 61.99.
The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in paragraphs A.1 and A.2.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR §§ 61.98(b) and 61.99. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] practical test.
A.31 Recreational pilot to operate within 50 NM of the airport where training was received: 14 CFR § 61.101(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.101(b). I have determined that they are competent to operate at the [name of airport].
Appendix A A-13 A.32 Recreational pilot to act as PIC on a flight that exceeds 50 NM of the departure airport: 14 CFR § 61.101(c).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required cross-country training of 14 CFR § 61.101(c). I have determined that they are proficient in cross-country flying of 14 CFR part 61 subpart E.
A.33 Recreational pilot with less than 400 flight hours and no logged PIC time within the preceding 180 calendar days: 14 CFR § 61.101(g).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required 180-day recurrent training of 14 CFR § 61.101(g) in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of that aircraft.
A.34 Recreational pilot to conduct solo flights for the purpose of obtaining an additional certificate or rating while under the supervision of an authorized flight instructor:
14 CFR § 61.101(j).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.87 in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined they are prepared to conduct a solo flight on [date] under the following conditions: [List all conditions which require endorsement
(e.g., flight which requires communication with air traffic control (ATC), flight in an aircraft for which the pilot does not hold a category/class rating, etc.).] A.35 Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower: 14 CFR § 61.101(d).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.101(d). I have determined they are proficient to conduct operations in Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower.
PRIVATE PILOT ENDORSEMENTS A.36 Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1), 61.103(d), and 61.105.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.105. I have determined they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
Appendix A A-14 A.37 Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.103(f), 61.107(b), and 61.109. The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in paragraphs A.1 and A.2.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.107 and 61.109. I have determined they are prepared for the [name of] practical test.
COMMERCIAL PILOT ENDORSEMENTS A.38 Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1), 61.123(c), and 61.125.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.125. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.39 Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.123(e), 61.127, and 61.129. The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in paragraphs A.1 and A.2.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR §§ 61.127 and 61.129. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] practical test.
AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT (ATP) ENDORSEMENTS A.40 Restricted privileges ATP Certificate, Airplane Multiengine Land (AMEL) rating:
14 CFR § 61.160. This certifying statement can only be provided by an authorized institution of higher education in accordance with its Letter of Authorization (LOA).
Refer to AC 61-139, Institution of Higher Education’s Application for Authority to Certify its Graduates for an Airline Transport Pilot Certificate with Reduced Aeronautical Experience.
The [insert institution’s name] certifies that the recipient of this degree has successfully completed all of the aviation coursework requirements of 14 CFR § 61.160[(b), (c), or (d)] and therefore meets the academic eligibility requirements of 14 CFR § 61.160[(b),
(c), or (d)].
A.41 ATP Certification Training Program (CTP): 14 CFR § 61.153(e). This endorsement is only provided by an approved training provider of an ATP CTP and is found on the graduation certificate a pilot receives following completion of that training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.156. Refer to AC 61-138, Airline Transport Pilot Certification Training Program.
The applicant named above has successfully completed the Airline Transport Pilot Certification Training Program as required by 14 CFR § 61.156, and therefore has met
Appendix A A-15 the prerequisite required by 14 CFR § 61.35(a)(2) for the Airline Transport Pilot Multiengine Airplane Knowledge Test.
INSTRUMENT RATING ENDORSEMENTS A.42 Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.65(a) and (b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.65(b). I have determined that they are prepared for the Instrument–[airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift] knowledge test.
A.43 Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR § 61.65(a)(6).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.65(c) and (d). I have determined they are prepared for the Instrument–[airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift] practical test.
A.44 Prerequisites for instrument practical tests: 14 CFR § 61.39(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received and logged the required flight time/training of 14 CFR § 61.39(a) in preparation for the practical test within 2 calendar months preceding the date of the test and has satisfactory knowledge of the subject areas in which they were shown to be deficient by the FAA Airman Knowledge Test Report. I have determined they are prepared for the Instrument–[airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift] practical test.
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR (OTHER THAN FLIGHT INSTRUCTORS WITH A SPORT
PILOT RATING) ENDORSEMENTS A.45 Fundamentals of instructing knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.183(d).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required fundamentals of instruction training of 14 CFR § 61.185(a)(1). I have determined that they are prepared for the Fundamentals of Instructing knowledge test.
A.46 Flight instructor aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.183(f).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.185(a)[(2) or (3) (as appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought)]. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.47 Flight instructor ground and flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR § 61.183(g).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.187(b). I have determined that they are prepared for the certificated flight instructor – [aircraft category and class] practical test.