AC 61-89E Appendix 1 9 8/4/00 B. Content (as applicable):
1. Abnormal starting procedures, including knowledge of external power source usage, abnormal starting limitations, and the proper corrective action required in the event of a malfunction.
2. Powerplant failure under circumstances, including but not limited to, prior to rotation, during climbout, during cruise flight, during approach, and in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC).
3. Rapid decompression and emergency descent.
4. Ditching and evacuation procedures.
5. Electrical failure.
6. Failure of navigation or communications equipment.
7. Hydraulic failure.
8. Landing gear and flap systems failure or malfunction.
9. In-flight fire.
10. Smoke control and removal.
11. Ice and rain protection.
12. Anti-icing or deicing system failure or malfunction.
13. Runaway stabilizer/trim.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant must be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the abnormal and emergency procedures.
Lesson #24 – Segment 3 Written Examination – The applicant must be able to pass the written examination on material covered during Segment 3.
REVIEW AND FINAL EXAMINATION Lesson #25 – Review (3 hours) A. Objective: The applicant will be prepared to successfully accomplish the final examination.
B. Content: All material covered during Segments 1-3.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant must be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the material covered during ground training that is applicable to the aircraft.
Lesson #26 – Final Examination SEGMENT 4 – SYSTEMS INTEGRATION TRAINING OBJECTIVE: The applicant will be able to operate the simulator or training device and understand the interrelation between the aircraft’s systems and normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures.
COMPLETION STANDARDS: The applicant will have successfully completed Segment 4 when able to demonstrate proficiency, by performing the maneuvers and procedures of part 61, to PTS standards on the simulator/training device portion of the practical test.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 10 8/4/00 Lesson #27 – Cockpit Familiarization and Use of Checklists (2 hours) A. Objective: The applicant will become familiar with the crew briefing, cockpit layout, checklists, and normal operating procedures and will be able to fly the aircraft, maintaining attitude and orientation.
B. Content:
1. Preflight familiarization.
2. Introduction – Cockpit familiarization.
a. Airplane systems operation and location of systems indicators, gauges, and warning devices.
b. Activation of airplane system controls and switches.
c. Use of checklists – Safety checks, cockpit preparation, checklist sequence.
3. Flight.
a. Normal procedures.
b. Pretakeoff checks, crew briefing, as appropriate to the airplane type.
c. Normal or crosswind takeoffs – Knowledge of airspeeds, configurations, and emergency procedures recommended by the manufacturer for existing conditions. Following takeoff, performance of required pitch changes, gear and flap retractions, power adjustments, and other required pilot-related activities at the required airspeed/V- speeds within the tolerances established in the AFM/POH.
d. Airspeed /V-speed control.
e. Straight and level cruise flight.
f. Climbs.
g. Descents.
h. Level, climbing, and descending turns.
i. In-flight pressurization control.
j. Approach to landing and landings.
(1) Appropriate configurations.
(2) Normal or crosswind landings.
4. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
C. Completion Standards: At the completion of this lesson, the applicant shall demonstrate familiarity with the airplane checklists and normal operating procedures.
Lesson #28 – Flight Maneuvers and Display Systems (2 hours) A. Objective: The applicant will continue cockpit orientation and will review basic in-flight maneuvers and approaches (if applicable).
B. Content (as applicable):
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Introduction – Display systems operation (weather radar and other EFIS displays).
3. Flight.
a. Review of previous lesson.
b. Normal takeoffs.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 11 8/4/00
c. Slow flight.
d. Approach to stalls and recovery. For the purpose of this maneuver, the required approach to a stall is reached when there is a perceptible buffet or other response (stall warning or stick shaker, depending on the airplane devices) to the initial stall entry.
(1) Takeoff configuration.
(2) Clean configuration.
(3) Landing configuration.
e. Steep turns.
f. Unusual attitudes.
g. Normal ILS approaches (coupled and manual).*
4. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant shall demonstrate competency in performing the maneuvers and procedures contained in this lesson to levels consistent with the PTS.
Lesson #29 – Flight Operations and Use of Autopilot (3 hours) A. Objective: The applicant will review instrument procedures (if applicable) and further develop the skills required for normal flight operations.
B. Content (as applicable):
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Introduction – Autoflight operation (autopilot, flight director, normal and abnormal indications and annunciators lights).
3. Flight.
a. Review of previous lesson.
b. Instrument Departure Procedure (DP) and Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STAR).
c. Adherence to simulated air traffic control (ATC) clearances and to airspeed restrictions and adjustments required by regulations or the AFM/POH.
d. Use of autoflight system.
e. Performance of checklist items appropriate to the area of arrival.
f. Establishment, where appropriate, of a rate of descent consistent with the aircraft operating characteristics and safety.
g. Holding, including entering, maintaining, and leaving holding patterns.*
h. Instrument approaches.*
(1) Precision approaches.
(2) Nonprecision approaches, including circling approaches at the authorized minimum circling approach altitude.
(3) Missed approaches from precision and nonprecision approaches, including circling approaches.
4. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant shall demonstrate competency in performing the maneuvers and procedures contained in this lesson to levels consistent with the PTS.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 12 8/4/00 Lesson #30 – Emergency Procedures (2 hours) A. Objective: The applicant will practice the emergency procedures recommended in the approved AFM/POH. The applicant will demonstrate proper knowledge of the flight characteristics and controllability associated with maneuvering with powerplant(s) inoperative as appropriate to the airplane, including control of airspeed, configuration, direction, altitude, and attitude.
B. Content (as applicable):
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Introduction.
3. Flight.
a. Review of previous lesson.
b. Emergency procedures checklist familiarization.
c. Start malfunctions.
d. Instrument takeoff (simulated IMC at 100 feet).*
e. Powerplant failure(s) in flight.
f. In-flight fire.
g. Rapid decompression emergency procedures.
h. ILS approach with a simulated failure of one powerplant. The failure should occur before initiating the final approach course and must continue to touchdown or through the missed approach procedure.*
4. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant shall display complete understanding of emergency and abnormal procedures as recommended by the manufacturer in the AFM/POH.
Lesson #31 – Normal/Abnormal Flight Operations Review; Use of Navigation Systems (2 hours) A. Objective: The applicant shall develop skills in normal flight operations and in abnormal flight situations with selected system malfunctions and gain skill in operating the airplane’s navigation systems.
B. Content (as applicable):
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Introduction – Navigation systems.
a. Preflight and operation of applicable receivers.
b. Onboard navigation systems.
c. Flight plan information input and retrieval.
3. Flight.
a. Review of previous lesson.
b. Cold weather operation.
c. Rejected takeoff.
d. Climb to and cruise at high altitude, both with and without autopilot.
e. Use of navigation systems.
f. Ice and rain protection system operation and malfunction procedures.
g. Fuel systems malfunction.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 13 8/4/00
h. Engine(s) inoperative landing from an ILS.*
i. Engine(s) inoperative nonprecision approach, circle to land.*
4. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant shall display complete understanding of the airplane’s navigation systems and of emergency and abnormal procedures as recommended by the manufacturer.
Lesson #32 – Normal/Abnormal Flight Operations (2 hours) A. Objective: The applicant shall further develop skills in normal and abnormal flight operations.
B. Content (as applicable):
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Flight.
a. Review of previous lesson.
b. Hot weather operation.
c. Takeoff with engine failure after V1 and before V2.d. Inadvertent overspeed recovery procedures.
e. Turbulence penetration.
f. Hydraulic system malfunction.
g. Flight control malfunctions.
h. Emergency gear extension.
i. No flap approach and landing.
j. Precision and nonprecision instrument approaches (normal and engine(s) inoperative).*
3. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant shall demonstrate understanding of and proficiency in the aircraft’s normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures to PTS standards.
Lesson #33 – Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) (2 hours) A. Objective: The applicant shall be able to conduct a cross-country flight using the airplane’s available equipment. During the flight, the instructor shall evaluate the applicant’s proficiency level in the maneuvers and procedures covered during the course as well as during earlier training (high-altitude enroute procedures, etc.). The instructor should identify and correct any maneuvers that may require additional instruction.
B. Content (as applicable):
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Introduction – Flight planning.
a. Performance limitations (meteorological, weight, and MEL items).
b. Required fuel loads.
3. Flight.
a. Preflight planning.
b. Instrument Departure Procedure (DP).
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 14 8/4/00
c. Compliance with manufacturer’s recommendations for power settings; airspeeds;
rate of climb; configuration.
d. Adherence to actual or simulated ATC clearances (including assigned radials) and to airspeed restrictions and adjustments required by regulations or the AFM/POH.
e. Enroute.
(1) Appropriate use of oxygen and pressurization systems.
(2) Proper use of available navigation facilities and appropriate enroute procedures.
(3) Review of maneuvers and procedures from previous lessons, including simulated emergencies.
f. Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STAR).
(4) Performance of checklist items appropriate to the area arrival.
(5) Establishment, where appropriate, of a rate of descent consistent with the aircraft operating characteristics and safety.
(6) Manually controlled ILS approach with a simulated failure of one powerplant. The simulated failure should occur before initiating the final approach course and continue to touchdown or through the missed approach procedure. *
4. Postflight critique and preview of practical test.
C. Completion Standards: The applicant shall be able to demonstrate competency in performing the maneuvers and procedures required for the practical test to levels consistent with the PTS.
Lesson #34 – Crew Resource Management (2 hours) A. Objective: The applicant will become familiar with Crew Resource Management (CRM) techniques and be able to facilitate the smooth flow of information and application of skills between flight and ground crewmembers and ATC resulting in a safe, organized flight.
B. Content:
1. Human physiology.
a. Rest, naps, and sleep.
b. Effects of drugs and alcohol.
c. Smoking.
d. Other stresses; e.g., divorce, finance.
e. Eating habits.
f. Stress management.
2. Getting along with others.
a. Hazardous attitudes.
b. Communications skills.
3. Aeronautical decision making.
a. Risk assessment.
b. Risk management.
c. How to develop decision making skills.
4. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).
a. Use of checklists by the crew.
b. Challenge/No response.
c. Pilot flying vs. pilot not flying roles.
d. Abnormal/Emergency procedures.
e. First flight of the day.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 15 8/4/00
f. Critical situations.
g. Deviations from the SOP.
C. Completion Standards: This lesson is complete when the applicant is able to demonstrate satisfactory knowledge on a written examination on the lesson subject matter.
SEGMENT 5 – FLIGHT INSTRUCTION Time allocations are suggested only and should be adjusted according to the applicant’s ability, the type of airplane and equipment, and the type of operation.
OBJECTIVE: The applicant shall apply the knowledge and skill acquired during ground training to the airplane.
COMPLETION STANDARDS: The applicant shall demonstrate proficiency in handling and operating the airplane by passing the flight portion of the practical test to levels consistent with the PTS.
Lesson #35 – Introduction to the Airplane; Basic Maneuvers (4 hours) A. Objective: The applicant shall become familiar with the airplane and the local training environment, and will be able to apply the knowledge gained from ground training to the operation of the airplane.
B. Content:
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Introduction.
a. Airplane documentation – Registration; airworthiness certificate; maintenance logs;
MEL/CDL.
b. Preflight inspection – Complete visual inspection of interior and exterior, using appropriate checklist.
C. Flight.
1. Prestart checklist.
2. Control system checks.
3. Normal starting procedures.
4. Radio and electronic equipment checks.
5. Systems operations familiarization and additional checks described in the approved AFM/POH, checklists, or other approved material appropriate to the airplane type and type of flight.
6. Taxiing.
7. Pretakeoff checks, crew briefing as appropriate to the airplane type.
8. Normal or crosswind takeoffs.
9. Airspeed/V-speed control.
10. Straight and level cruise flight.
11. Climbs.
12. Descents.
13. Level, climbing, and descending turns.
14. Steep turns.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 16 8/4/00
15. Approach to stalls.
a. Takeoff configuration.
b. Clean configuration.
c. Landing configuration.
16. Approach to landing and landings.
a. Appropriate configurations.
b. Normal or crosswind landings.
17. Engine shutdown procedures.
D. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
E. Completion Standards: At the completion of this lesson, the applicant shall demonstrate basic airmanship qualities and understanding of flight characteristics of the aircraft.
Lesson #36 – Proficiency Training (4 hours) A. Objective: The applicant shall gain proficiency in takeoffs, landings, VFR patterns, and will begin instrument work, if applicable. This lesson should further acquaint the applicant with the local training area.
B. Content.
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Flight.
a. Review of previous lesson.
b. Practice takeoffs and landings to become proficient with power settings, airspeeds, and attitudes for flying a VFR pattern.
c. Takeoff with simulated IMC at or before reaching an altitude of 100 feet above the airport elevation.*
d. ILS to missed approach.*
e. ILS approach and landing.*
f. Nonprecision approach to the circling minimum descent altitude (MDA), followed by a change in heading and the necessary visual maneuvering to maintain a flight path that permits a normal landing on a runway at least 90° from the final approach course of the simulated instrument portion of the approach.* C. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
D. Completion Standards: At the completion of this lesson, the applicant must be able to perform the maneuvers contained in this lesson to PTS standards and takeoff and land without assistance from the instructor.
Lesson #37 – Emergency Procedures; Proficiency (4 hours) A. Objective: The applicant shall be able to perform emergency procedures that can be safely simulated in the airplane. Although not all emergencies can be safely simulated in the airplane, those that can should be practiced in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 17 8/4/00 B. Content (as applicable):
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Review of previous lessons.
3. Introduction – Emergency procedures review.
4. Flight.
a. Powerplant failure(s).
b. On takeoff roll, before reaching a specified airspeed/V1 speed. The rejected takeoffshould encompass using the recommended braking procedure; maintaining positive control; and accomplishing the appropriate powerplant failure procedures as recommended by the appropriate checklist.
c. In multiengine airplanes, on climbout with a simulated failure of the most critical powerplant at a point appropriate to the airplane type under the prevailing conditions and in normal cruise flight. The recovery procedures should be as specified in the AFM/POH and will include setting powerplant controls; reducing drag as necessary;
correctly identifying and verifying the inoperative powerplant; maintaining positive aircraft control; attempting to determine the reason for the powerplant failure; and following the prescribed aircraft checklist to secure the inoperative engine. When the engine is actually shut down and feathered (if appropriate), the proper powerplant restart procedures should be followed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommended procedures and pertinent checklist items.
d. In single-engine airplanes, establishing and maintaining the recommended best glide airspeed; selecting a suitable airport or landing area that is within the performance capability of the aircraft; following the emergency checklist items appropriate to the aircraft; maintaining positive aircraft control throughout the maneuver; and using airplane configuration devices, such as landing gear and wing flaps, in a manner recommended by the manufacturer. Landings from a forward slip should be practiced, as should spot simulated emergency landings from 1,000 feet above ground level (AGL) with a 180° change of direction.
e. Runaway stabilizer.
f. Simulated loss of pressurization – Rapid decompression emergency procedures.
(1) Knowing the location and correct use of oxygen masks.
(2) Rapid descent.
g. Manually controlled ILS approach with a simulated failure of one powerplant. The simulated failure should occur before initiating the final approach course and must continue to touchdown or through the missed approach procedure.*
h. Zero-flap landing to simulate inoperable full or partial flaps, leading edge flaps, and other similar devices.
C. Postflight critique and preview of next lesson.
D. Completion Standards: At the completion of this lesson, the applicant will be proficient in the manufacturer’s recommended emergency procedures for the airplane and will be able to competently demonstrate their execution in a simulated emergency situation.
AC 61-89E Appendix 1 18 8/4/00 Lesson #38 – Night Checkout; Review (3 hours) A. Objective: The applicant will become familiar with night operations in the airplane.
B. Content:
1. Preflight discussion.
2. Review of previous lessons.
3. Introduction – Night flying.
C. Flight:
1. Night aircraft inspection.
2. Use of cockpit and cabin lights.
3. Airplane lights (navigation; strobe; recognition beacon; landing; taxi and logo).
4. Takeoff and landing practice, including a simulated electrical failure.
5. Recovery from unusual attitudes in cruise flight.
6. Multiple instrument approaches.*
7. Review of any areas needing additional work.
D. Postflight critique and preview of practical test.
E. Completion Standards: The applicant must be able to demonstrate the ability to accurately control all aspects of flying the airplane at night, including night emergency procedures.
PRACTICAL TEST OBJECTIVE: The applicant shall be able to demonstrate knowledge of operational proficiency in the airplane and its systems during the practical test.
CONTENT:
A. Oral examination.
B. Flight test.
1. Simulator/training device.
2. Airplane.
C. Evaluation and critique.
COMPLETION STANDARDS: The applicant shall demonstrate the proficiency required to pass the practical test.
AC 61-89E 8/4/00 Appendix 2 1
PILOT CERTIFICATE AIRCRAFT TYPE DESIGNATIONS This appendix provides pilot certificate designations adopted by the FAA for aircraft type ratings. It incorporates all revisions to previous listings, including new designations for aircraft type certificated as of August 4, 2000.
The designations in column 4 of appendix 2 have been entered on all pilot certificates issued or reissued with aircraft type ratings since May 1, 1977.
Previously used designations listed in column 3 of appendix 2 will remain in effect and will not require a reissuance or conversion to the new type rating designations in effect as of August 4, 2000.
AC 61-89E Appendix 2 8/4/00 2 PILOT CERTIFICATE AIRCRAFT TYPE DESIGNATIONS—AIRPLANES
MANUFACTURER MODEL
DESIGNATION PRIOR
DESIGNATION
CURRENT
DESIGNATION Aero Commander Division North American Rockwell Corp 1121 Jet Commander Commodore Jet 1123 AC-1121 CJ-1123 IA-JET Aerospatiale, France SN 601 Corvette SN-601 Aerospatiale/Aeritalia, France ATR-42, ATR-72 ATR-42, ATR-72 Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft, Ltd., UK Argosy AW 650 Armstrong Whitworth AW-650 AW-650 Avions Dassault, General Aernautique Marcel, Dassault, France Mystere 10 Falcon DA-10 Mystere 20 Falcon, Fan Jet GAMD/SUD-20 DA-20 Falcon 50-A, DA 900, DA 900C, DA 900EX DA-50 Fan Jet Model 200 DA-200 Falcon DA-2000 DA-2000 Beech Aircraft Corp., USA Wichita, KS BE-200T/200TC (Restricted) BE-200 BE-300, BE-350, BE-300LW, BE-B300 BE-300 BE-300FF BE-300FF BE1900, BE1900C, BE1900D, C-12J (Military) BE1900 BE-2000S (single pilot) BE-2000 BE-2000S BE-2000 Diamond I, MU-300, MU-300-10, BE-400 and 400T (USAF T-1A Jayhawk) MU-300 MU-300, BE-400 Boeing Co., USA 247-D Boeing 247 B-247 314 Boeing 314 B-314 S-307, SA-307 Boeing 307 B-307 377, C-97, YC-97 Boeing 377 B-377 707, 720, C-135, VC-137, E3-A, E6-A/B C-18B, EC-18B, EC-18D Boeing 707/720 B-707/B-720 727 Boeing 727 B-727 737/100/200/300/400/500/600/ 700/800, T-43 Boeing 737 B-737 T-747, E-4, 747SP Boeing 747 B-747 B-747-400 B-747-4 757, 767, C-32A Boeing 757, 767 B-757, B-767 B-777-200 B-777 Boeing Commercial Airplane Company, USA B-17 DC-9, DC-9-50, C-9, DC-9-80, MD-80, MD-88, MD-90, MD-90(EFD) Boeing B-17 Douglas DC-9 B-17 DC-9 Breguet, France Bombardier Aerospace, Canada (Formerly Canadair Ltd.)
Fauvette 905A BD-700-1A10 BG 905 BBD-700 Bristol Aircraft Ltd., UK Britannia 305 BR-305 British Aerospace/Taiwanese Aerospace Corp.
BAE-146-70/85/100/115 Series BAE-146 BAE-146, AVR-146