AC 61-98C

Historical

Advisory circular · Currency Requirements and Guidance for the Flight Review and Instrument Proficiency Check

A newer version is currentThis is a historical version. AC 61-98E is the version in force, approved October 30, 2024.
Approved
November 20, 2015
Last reviewed
July 1, 2024
Cancels
AC61-98B
Cancelled by
AC61-98D
Family
AC 61-98 · 6 versions
Revision
C
14 CFR parts
61

Guidance, not mandatory unless a rule or AD requires it. DRS record last changed November 21, 2025.

Show pages 25–36
Page 37 · 2Open in PDF

Appendix 9

SIDE 2 Ground Review PILOT:

 Recency of Experience (61.57)  PIC Responsibilities and Authority (91.3)  Preflight Actions (91.103)  Medical Facts for Pilots (AIM 8) AIRCRAFT:

 Fuel Requirements (91.167)  Equipment Check (VOR) (91.171)  IFR Two-way Radio Communications Failure

(91.185)  Malfunction Reports (91.187)  Required Instruments and Equipment

(91.205)  ELT (91.207)  Aircraft Lights (91.209)  Inoperative Instruments and Equipment

(91.213)  Altimeter and Pitot-Static System Tests

(91.411)  ATC Transponder Tests (91.413) ENVIRONMENT:

 ATC Instructions (91.123)  IFR Flight Plan (91.169)  ATC Clearance and Flight Plan (91.173)  TO and LDG in IFR (91.175)  Minimum IFR Altitudes (91.177)  IFR Cruising Altitudes (91.179)  Course to be Flown (91.181)  IFR Two-way Communications (91.183)  Navigation Aids (AIM 1)  Air Traffic Control (AIM 4)  Air Traffic Procedures (AIM 5) EXTERNAL PRESSURES:

 IFR Two-way Radio Communications Failure

(91.185)  Emergency Procedures (AIM 6)  National Security and Interception Procedures (AIM 5-6) Suggested Flight Activities Note: Structure the flight portion as an out-and-back IFR XC, with one leg focused on XC procedures (including missed approach and diversion procedures) and the other leg focused on airwork (aircraft control). Suggested activities include:

AREA OF OPERATION  Preflight Preparation  Weather Information  Cross-Country Flight Planning  Preflight Procedures  Aircraft Systems Related to IFR Operations  Aircraft Flight Instruments and Navigation Equipment  Instrument Cockpit Check  Air Traffic Control Clearances and Procedures  Air Traffic Control Clearances  Compliance with Departure, En Route, and Arrival Procedures and Clearances  Holding Procedures  Flight by Reference to Instruments  Basic Instrument Flight Maneuvers  Recovery from Unusual Flight Attitudes  Navigation Systems  Intercepting/Tracking Navigational Systems and DME Arcs  Instrument Approach Procedures  Nonprecision Approach (NPA)  Precision Approach (PA)  Missed Approach  Circling Approach  Landing from a Straight-in or Circling Approach  Emergency Operations  Loss of Communications  One Engine Inoperative During Straight-and-Level Flight and Turns (Multiengine Airplane)  One Engine Inoperative—Instrument Approach (Multiengine Airplane)  Loss of Primary Flight Instrument Indicators  Automation Failure: Failure of Autopilot and Avionics  Postflight Procedures  Checking Instruments and Equipment

Advisory Circular Feedback Form If you find an error in this AC, have recommendations for improving it, or have suggestions for new items/subjects to be added, you may let us know by contacting the General Aviation and Commercial Division (AFS-800) or the Flight Standards Directives Management Officer.

Subject: AC 61-98C, Currency Requirements and Guidance for the Flight Review and Instrument Proficiency Check Date: _____________________ Please check all appropriate line items:

☐ An error (procedural or typographical) has been noted in paragraph ____________ on page _______.

☐ Recommend paragraph _____________ on page __________ be changed as follows:

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ☐ In a future change to this AC, please cover the following subject:

(Briefly describe what you want added.)

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ☐ Other comments:

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ☐ I would like to discuss the above. Please contact me.

Submitted by: Date: ______________________