LIGHTING ADJACENT STRUCTURES
LIGHT LEVEL ADJUSTMENT Day Protection = 270,000 cd White Light (Painting is typically not required) Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd White Light Inboard lights recommended on all levels above height of shorter structure 500 ft or less (153 m) 795 ft (242 m) Lower inboard lights may be omitted 534 ft = = (166 m) 545 ft (163 m) 800 ft (244 m) 275 ft T 270 ₽ (84 m) 267 A (82 m) 550 ft (81 m) (168 m) Minor adjustments in vertical placement may be made to place lights on same horizontal plane (Lights on both structures to be synchronized) = L-856 (Flashing White Light)
• / = / = 1-865 (Flashing White Light) Figure A-11. Lighting Adjacent Structures-Light Level Adjustment 74
LIGHTING ADJACENT STRUCTURES Day Protection = 270,000 cd White Light (Painting of tower is typically not required) Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd White Light 500 ft
- 153 m) or less Inner levels may be omitted 750 ft (229 m) 250 ft (76 m) ent structure Structures of equal height. Number of levels depends upon height of structure (Lights on both structures to be synchronized) Top level display all units 500 ft or less (153 m) Lower inner levels may be omitted One structure higher than the adjacent structure One structure higher than the adjacent structure izontal plane and light levels are on same horizontal plane es to be synchronized) (Lights on both structures to be synchronized) = L-856 (Flashing White Light) = L-865 (Flashing White Light) Figure A-12. Lighting Adjacent Structures 75
HIGH-INTENSITY WHITE OBSTRUCTION LIGHT
STANDARDS (FAA STYLE B) STRUCTURE WITH APPURTENANCE 40 ft (12 m) OR LESS Day Protection = 270,000 cd White Light Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd White Light Above 1,750 ft - 2,200 ft (533 m - 671 m) Appurtenance Above 1,400 ft - 1,750 ft 40 ft (12 m) or less (427 m - 533 m) Above 1,050 ft - 1,400 ft (320 m - 427 m) Above 700 ft - 1,050 ft (213 m - 320 m) For towers 700 ft (213 m) and below, see the appropriate medium-intensity FAA style sheet ВЗ В4 • B5 B6
- L-856 (Flashing White Light) (3 flash heads required per level for 360° coverage) = L-865 (Flashing White Light) Figure A-13. High-Intensity White Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style B)-With Appurtenance 40 Feet or Less 76
HIGH-INTENSITY WHITE OBSTRUCTION LIGHT
STANDARDS (FAA STYLE C) STRUCTURE WITH APPURTENANCE GREATER THAN 40 ft (12 m) Day Protection = 270,000 cd White Light Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd White Light Above 1,750 ft - 2,200 ft (533 m - 671 m) Appurtenance exceeding Above 1,400 ft - 1,750 ft 40 ft (12 m) above the structure (427 m - 533 m) Above 1,050 ft - 1,400 ft (320 m - 427 m) Above 700 ft - 1,050 ft (213 m - 320 m) For towers 700 ft (213 m) and below, see the appropriate medium-intensity FAA style sheet C3 C4 C5 C6 = L-856 (Flashing White Light) (3 flash heads required per level for 360° coverage) = 1-865 (Flashing White Light) Figure A-14. High-Intensity White Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style C)—-With Appurtenance Over 40 Feet High 77
LIGHTING HYPERBOLIC COOLING TOWERS Day Protection = 270,000 cd White Light (Painting of tower is typically not required) Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd White Light The number of light units recommended depends on the a - Exceeding 100 ft (31 m) diameter of the structure but not more than 200 ft (61 m) — b — b - Exceeding 200 ft (61 m)
- L-856 (Flashing White Light) Figure A-15. Lighting Hyperbolic Cooling Tower 78
MEDIUM-INTENSITY DUAL OBSTRUCTION LIGHT
STANDARDS (FAA STYLE E) Day / Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd Red Light and 32 cd side lights (Painting of tower is typically not required) One-half but not lower than 200 ft (61 m) Above 350 ft - 700 ft (107 m - 213 m) Two or more L-810 lights configured to flash in sync with L-864 Above 200 ft - 350 ft (61 m - 107 m) E1 E2 = L-864 / L-865 (Flashing Dual [Red / White] Light Note:
L-864 configured to flash at a rate of 30 fpm (+ 3 fpm) See paragraph 5.2. regarding IR specifications for LED-based
• = L-810 (Single Light) Configured to flash in sync with L-864 red obstruction lights.
Figure A-16. Medium-Intensity Dual Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style E) 79
MEDIUM-INTENSITY LIGHTING
ESTABLISHING THE LOCATION OF TOP BEACONS Day Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd Red Light Top of lightning roc (less than seven-eighth in. (2.2 cm) diameter Top of Communications Antenna Top of Antenna Support -Top of Structure Structure 10 ft (3 m) Max Overall AGL height when determining light levels.
Towers shown are above 350 ft (107m) but less than 700 ft (213 m) Obstruction light should be mounted above all appurtenances Obstruction lights can be mounted within excluding anything less than seven-eighth in. (2.2 cm) diameter 10 ft (3 m) from the overall height = L-864 (Flashing Red Light) Note:
= L-865 (Flashing White Light) See paragraph 5.2. regarding IR specifications for LED-based = L-864 / L-865 (Flashing Dual Light) red obstruction lights.
Figure A-17. Medium-Intensity Lighting-Establishing the Location of Top Beacons 80
HIGH-INTENSITY DUAL OBSTRUCTION LIGHT
STANDARDS (FAA STYLE F) STRUCTURE WITH APPURTENANCE GREATER THAN 40 ft (12 m) Day Protection = 270,000 cd White Light Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd Red Light Above 1,750 ft - 2,200 ft (533 m - 671 m) Above 1,400 ft - 1,750 ft Appurtenance exceeding (427 m - 533 m) 40 ft (12 m) above the structure Above 1,050 ft - 1,400 ft (320 m - 427 m) Above 700 ft - 1,050 ft (213 m - 320 m) For towers 700 ft (213 m) and below see the appropriate medium-intensity FAA style sheet F3 F4 F5 F6 = L-856 (Flashing White Light) = L-864 / L-865 (Flashing Dual [Red / White] Light) (3 flash heads required per level L-864 configured to flash at a rate of 30 fpm (‡ 3 fpm) for 360° coverage) Note: See paragraph 5.2. regarding = L-864 (Flashing Red Light) IR specifications for LED-based Configured to flash at a rate of 30 fpm (1 3 fpm) red obstruction lights.
Figure A-18. High-Intensity Dual Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style F)-With Appurtenance Over 40 Feet High 81
HIGH-INTENSITY DUAL OBSTRUCTION LIGHT
STANDARDS (FAA STYLE G) STRUCTURE WITH APPURTENANCE 40 ft (12 m) OR LESS Day Protection = 270,000 cd White Light Twilight Protection = 20,000 cd White Light Night Protection = 2,000 cd Red Light Above 1,750 ft - 2,200 ft (533 m - 671 m) Appurtenance Above 1,400 ft - 1,750 ft 40 ft. (12 m) or less (427 m - 533 m) Above 1,050 ft - 1,400 ft (320 m - 427 m) Above 700 ft - 1,050 ft (213 m - 320 m) For towers 700 ft (213 m) and below, see the appropriate medium-intensity FAA style sheet G3 G4 G5 G6 = L-856 (Flashing White Light) Note:
(3 flash heads required per level for 360° coverage) See paragraph 5.2. regarding IR specifications for LED-based = L-864 (Flashing Red Light) red obstruction lights.
Configured to flash at a rate of 30 fpm (+ 3 fpm) Figure A-19. High-Intensity Dual Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style G)-With Appurtenance 40 Feet or Less 82
AIRCRAFT DETECTION LIGHTING SYSTEM (ADLS) SAMPLE WIND FARM COVERAGE MAP * Multiple ADLS units required for the above wind farm Vertical Coverage Horizontal Coverage 1,000ft (304 m) 3 Nautical Miles
(5.5 km) System above shown in active mode with aircraft in coverage area = L-864 (Flashing Red Light) Note:
See paragraph 5.2. regarding IR specifications for LED-based red obstruction lights.
Figure A-20. Aircraft Detection Lighting System (sample coverage map) 83
CATENARY UNLIGHTED MARKERS Required for transmission lines less than 69 kV Recognizable from a minimum distance of 4,000 ft (1,219 m) Wire markers may be staggered over the catenary to enable better wind load distribution 200 ft (61 m)
• Violation Area (Above 200 ft (61 m) AGL) 25 ft (8 m) max distance unless line design sag requirements are greater Unlighted Marker Ball Extensive catenary wires: min 36-inch- (91-em-) diameter markers; less extensive catenary wires: 20-inch- (51-em-) or 12-inch-
(30.48-cm-) diameter markers.
Evenly spaced along the wire at approximately 200-ft (61-m) intervals.
Lighted markers should be a solid color, such as aviation orange, white or yellow.
Lighted markers should alternate aviation orange, white, yellow with aviation orange markers positioned at each end.
If less than four lighted markers are on the line, all markers should be aviation orange.
Figure A-21. Catenary Unlighted Markers (less than 69 kV) 84
CATENARY MARKERS - LINE SPACING Adjacent Lines Within 200 ft (61 m) or Less Required for transmission lines less than 69 kV Recognizable from a minimum distance of 4,000 ft (1,219 m) Wire markers may be staggered over the catenary to enable better wind load distribution 200 ft (61 m) or Less 200 ft (61 m) Violation Area (Above 200 ft (61 m) AGL) 25 ft (8 m) max distance unless line design sag requirements are greater Unlighted Marker Ball Extensive catenary wires: min 36-inch- (91-cm-) diameter markers; less extensive catenary wires: 20-inch- (51-cm-) or 12-inch-
(30.48-cm-) diameter markers.
Evenly spaced along the wire at approximately 200-ft (61-m) intervals.
Unlighted markers should alternate aviation orange, white, yellow, with aviation orange markers positioned at each end.
If less than four markers (lighted or unlighted) are on the line, all markers should be aviation orange.
Catenary crossings with multiple transmission lines require additional line markers when the outside lines on the adjacent structure are more than 200-ft (61-m) from the center of the primary structure.
Figure A-22. Catenary Markers - Line Spacing (Adjacent Lines Within 200 ft.
(60.96 m) or Less) 85