I Oct 72 AC 70/7460-1B CHAPTER 5. OBSTRUCTION MARKING AND LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
15. PAINT. Paint and aviation colors referred to in the standards set tions: forth in this publication should conform with the following specifica-
(1) Orange No. 12197 (Aviation Surface Orange).
(2) White No. 17875 (Aviation White).
b. Aviation Surface Paint.
(1) Federal Specification TT-P-59 Paint, Ready-Mixed, Internation- al Orange.
(2) Federal Specification TT-P-102 Paint, 01l, Titanium-Lead-Zinc and Oil, Exterior, Ready-Mixed, white and light tints. *
16. LIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT. The lighting equipment referred to in the standards set forth in this publication should conform with the applicable provisions of the following specifications and their related drawings.
a. Aviation Red Obstruction Lighting Systens.
(1) Color. Military Specification MIL-C-25050 Colors; Aeronautical Lights and Lighting Equipment.
(2) Rotating Beacons.
(a) FAA Specification 291. Beacons, 36-inch, Rotating Double-Ended Type.
(b) Military Specification MIL-L-7158. Lamp Assembly, 24- inch, Rigid Drum-type Rotating Beacon.
(3) Flashing Code Beacons. FAA Specification 446. Code Beacons, 300 mm.
(4) Double and Single Obstruction Lights.
Military Specification MIL-L-7830. Light, Navigational Boundary and Obstruction Markers.
(b) FAA Specification L-810. Specification for Obstruction Light.
Chap. 5 Paz. 15 Page 21
AC 70/7460-1B 1 Oct 72
(5) Covers for Aeronautical Lights. Military Specification MIL-C-7989. Covers; Light-transmitting (for Aeronautical Lights).
High Intensity White Obstruction Lighting System.
Specification. The high intensity white lighting system referred to in the standards set forth in this publication should conform with the applicable provisions of FAA/DOD Specification L-856, High Intensity Obstruction Lighting
(2) Availability of Specifications. FAA/DOD Specification L-856 is contained in the Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular No. 150/5345-43A. Copies of this advisory circular . obtained free of charge from the Department of Transportation, Distribution Unit, IAD-484.3, Washington, D. C. 20591.
(3) Manufacturers. The names of qualified manufacturers and a description of their equipment will be included in the Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular No. 150/ Distribution Unit, IAD-484.3, Washington, D. C. 20590. 5345-1C, Approved Airport Lighting Equipment. Copies may be obtained free of charge from the Department of Transportation? * ZZ chap. - Par. 10
1'Oct 72 AC 70/7460-18
c. RECOMMENDED LAMP EQUIPMENT Multiple Circuits Volts Average Typical or Rated Lab. Approx. Specifications Service Watts Amps. Bulb Base Life (Hours) Lumens FAA MIL Double & 125 120V A-21 Md. Pf. 6,000 1,220 Single L-7830 Obstruction 116 120V A-21 Md, Scr 6,000 1,260 L-810 L-7830 Lights Airport 1,000 120V I-20 Mg. Bip. 500 20,500 291 Beacon 1,200 115V T-20 MB. Bip. 750 27,500 L-7158 Code 700 120V PS-40 Mg. Pf. 6,000 11,200 I-6273 Beacon 620 120V PS-40 Mg. Pf. 3,000 11,200 446 L-6273 Intensity High 480V 240V I-856 White 120V Obstruction Lights Series Circuit Obstruction 6,6A A-21 Md. Pf. 2,000 1,020 L-810 L-7830 Lights Copies of military specifications may be obtained by contacting Armed Service Electro-Standards Agency, Fort Monmouth, New Jersey 07703 oI the Naval Air Systems Command, Department of the Navy, 1411 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, Virginia 20360. Copies of specifications and information concerning Military and Federal specifications may be obtained from Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D. C. 20591.
Chap. 5 Par. 16 Page 23 (and 24)
1 Oct 72 AC 70/7460-1B CHAPTER 6. STANDARDS FOR LIGHTING OBSTRUCTIONS TO AIR NAVIGATION WITH
AVIATION RED OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS
17. PURPOSE. To provide the specifications for red obstruction lights to be placed on obstructions to air navigation.
*18. APPLICATION. The general specifications which follow apply to the obstruction lighting of buildings, towers, smokestacks and similar obstructions, except transmission lines and their support structures.
a. For Towers, Smokestacks and Similar Obstructions of all Heights.
There should be installed at the top for near the top it a smokestack) of the obstruction, in a manner to insure unobstructed visibility of at least one beacon from aircraft at any normal angle of approach, one, or more if required, flashing 300mm electric code.
beacon(s), each equipped with two lamps and aviation red color filters. The two lamps of the beacon should burn simultaneously and each lamp should be at least 500 watts. (See recommended lamp equipment chart.)
(1) If the obstruction is skeletal by nature, such as a tower, and a rod or other construction of not more than 20 feet in height and incapable of supporting this beacon is mounted on top of the obstruction and it is determined that this additional construction does not permit unobstructed visibility of a single code beacon from any normal angle of approach, there should be installed two such beacons properly positioned to permit unobstructed viewing.
If the obstruction is solid by nature, such as a smokestack, there should be installed two or more such beacons placed at regular intervals on the horizontal plane.
b. For Towers, Smokestacks and Similar Obstructions of all Heights.
At the top of certain obstructions and at selected levels on other obstructions, there should be installed two or more lights, each light consisting of a lamp of at least 100 watts, enclosed aviation red obstruction light globe. These lights should be placed at regular intervals on the horizontal plane in a manner to insure unobstructed visibility of one or more lights on each level from aircraft at any normal angle of approach, Chap. 6 Par. 17 Page 25
AC 70/7460-1B 1 Oct 72 *
(1) If the structure is skeletal by nature, such as a tower, two be placed on diagonally or diametrically opposite positions lights should be installed at each level. Each light should of the obstruction and mounted so as to insure unobstructed visibility of at least one light. In case of a triangular or the obstruction at each level. this level. a light should be installed on each corner of the tower at ground, lights should be installed on each outside corner of rectangular shaped tower, the lights should be mounted so as o insure unobstructed visibility of at least one light, or On towers more than 450 feet in height above
(2) If the obstruction is solid by nature, such as a smokestack, These lights should be placed at regular intervals on the there should be installed at each level at least three lights.
horizontal plane in a manner to insure unobstructed view of at least two lights on each level.
c_ Feet in Overall Height. For Towers, one or more similar flashing code beacons should be installed in Smokestacks and Similar Obstructions more than 450 At selected levels other than the cop, ity of them from aircraft at any normal angle of approach. such a position on the obstruction to insure unobstructed visibil-
(1) If the obstruction is skeletal by nature, such as a tower, the beacon should be installed within the structure proper so that the structural members will not impair its visibility. In the beacons. event this is not possible, there should be installed two such Each beacon should be mounted on the outside of at the prescribed height, diagonally opposite corners on opposite sides of the structure
(2) If the obstruction is solid by nature, such as a smokestack, two or more beacons should be installed at regular intervals on the horizontal plane in a manner to insure unobstructed visibility of at least one beacon at each level.
19. SPECIFICATIONS.
a. Towers, Poles, and Similar Obstructions. When the height of the particular obstruction above ground, or water if so situated, is:
(1) Not more than 150 feet: At the top apply 18b(1).
(2) More than 150 feet but not more than 300 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At midpoint of the overall height apply 18b(1).
Page 26 Chap. 6 Par. 18
1 Oct 72 AC 70/7460-18
(3) More than 300 feet but not more than 450 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately two-thirds and one-third of the overall height apply 18b(1).
(4) More than 450 feet but not more than 600 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately one-half of the overall height apply 18c (1).
(c) At approximately three-fourths and one-fourth of the overall height apply 18b (1).
(5) More than 600 feet but not more than 750 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately two-fifths of the overall height apply 18c (1).
(c) At approximately four-fifths, three-fifths, and one-fifth of the overall height apply 18b(1).
More than 750 feet but not more than 900 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately two-thirds and one-third of the overall height apply 18c(1).
(c) At approximately five-sixths, one-half, and one-sixth of the overall height apply 18b(1).
(7) More than 900 feet but not more than 1050 feet:
At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately four-sevenths and two-sevenths of the overall height apply 18c(1).
At approximately six-sevenths, five-sevenths, threesevenths and one-seventh of the overall height apply 18b (1).
(8) More than 1050 feet but not more than 1200 feet:
At the top apply 18a(1).
At approximately three-fourths, one-half, and one-fourth of the overall height apply 18c(1).
At approximately seven-eighths, five-eighths, threeeighths, and one-eighth of the overall height apply 18b (1).
Chap. 6 Par. 19 Page 27
AC 70/7460-1B 1 Oct 72 * More than 1200 feet but not more than 1350 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
At approximately two-thirds, four-ninths, and two-ninths of the overall height apply 18c(1).
At approximately eight-ninths, seven-ninths, five-ninths, one-third, and one-ninth of the overall height apply More than 1350 feet but not more than 1500 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately four-fifths, three-fifths, two-fifths, and one-fifth of the overall height apply 18c(1).
(c) At approximately nine-tenths, seven-tenths, one-half, 18b(1). three-tenths, and one-tenth of the overall height apply
(11) More than 1500 feet but not more than 1650 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately eight-elevenths, six elevenths, four- 18c(1). elevenths and two-elevenths of the overall height apply At approximately ten-elevenths, nine-elevenths, sevenelevenths, five-elevenths, three-elevenths, and one- eleventh of the overall height apply 18b(1).
(12) More than 1650 feet but not more than 1800 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately five-sixths, two-thirds, one-half, one-third, and one-sixth of the overall height apply 18c (1).
(c) At approximately eleven-twelfths, three-fourths, seventhe overall height apply 18b(1). twelfths, five-twelfths, one-fourth, and one-twelfth of More than 1800 feet but not more than 1950 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately ten-thirteenths, eight-thirteenths, six-thirteenths, four-thirteenths, and two-thirteenths, of the overall height apply 18c(1).
(c) At approximately twelve-thirteenths, eleven-thirteenths, nine-thirteenths, seven-thirteenths, five-thirteenths, three-thirteenths, and one-thirteenth of the overall height apply 18b(1).
Page 28 Chap. 6 Par. 19
1 Oct 72 AC 70/7460-1B
(14) More than 1950 feet but not more than 2100 feet:
(a) At the top apply 18a(1).
(b) At approximately six-sevenths, five-sevenths, fourof the overall height apply 18c(1). sevenths, three-sevenths, two-sevenths, and one-seventh
(c) At approximately thirteen-fourteenths, eleven-fourteenths, nine-fourteenths, one-half, five-fourteenths, three- tourteenths, and one-fourteenth of the overall height apply 1ob (1).
b. Smokestacks and Similar Obstructions. To avoid the obscurant effect of the deposits generally in evidence from this type of structure, the top lights should be installed from 5 to 10 feet below the highest point of the structure. It is important that these lights facilitate lamp replacements. be readily accessible to enable cleaning when necessary and to () Floodlighting. floodlighted by fixed searchlight projectors installed at three or more equidistant points around the base of each Smokestacks and similar obstructions may be obstruction if the searchlight projectors will provide an one-third of the obstruction. average illumination of at least 15 footcandles at the top
(2) When the height of the particular obstruction above ground or water, if so situated is:
(a) Not more than 150 feet: At a near top level apply 18b(2).
(b) More than 150 feet but not more than 300 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
2 At midpoint of the overall height apply 18b (2).
(c) More than 300 feet but not more than 450 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
At approximately two-thirds and one-third of the overall height apply 18b (2).
(d) More than 450 feet but not more than 600 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
2 At approximately one-half of the overall height ápply 18c (2).
3 At approximately three-fourths and one-fourth of the overall height apply 18b(2).
Chap. 6 Par. 19 Page 29
АС 70/7460-ЇВ 1 Oct 72
(e) More than 600 feet but not more than 750 feet: I At approximately two-fifths of the overall height At a near top level apply 18a(2). apply 18c(2).
3 At approximately four-fifths, three-fifths and one- fifth of the overall height apply 18b(2).
(f) More than 750 feet but not more than 900 feet: 3 At the oxtrate he fit appty 186(2-half and one-sixth 2 At approximately two-thirds and one-third of the 1 At a near top level apply 18a(2). overall height apply 18c(2).
(g) More than 900 feet but not more than 1050 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
3 At approximately six-sevenths, five-sevenths, three- At approximately four-sevenths and two-sevenths of 18b(2). the overall height apply 18c(2). sevenths, and one-seventh of the overall height apply
(h) More than 1050 feet but not more than 1200 feet:
3 At approximately seven-eights, five-eights, three- I At approximately three-fourths, one-half, and one- 1 At a near top level apply 18a(2). 18b(2). fourth of the overall height apply 18c(2). eights, and one-eighth of the overall height apply (і) More than 1200 feet but not more than 1350 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
L At approximately two-thirds, four-ninths, and two- ninths of the overall height apply 18c(2).
3 At approximately eight-ninths, seven-ninths, five- apply 18b (2). ninths, one-third, and one-ninth of the overall height
(j) More than 1350 feet but not more than 1500 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
fifths, and one-fifth of the overall height apply At approximately four-fifths, three-fifths, two- 18c (2).
3 At approximately nine-tenths, seven-tenths, one-half, apply 18b (2). three-tenths, and one-tenth of the overall height Page 30 Chap. 6 Par. 19
1 Oct 72 AC 70/7460-1B
(k) More than 1500 feet but not more than 1650 feet:
ž . At a near top level apply 18a(2). At approximately eight-elevenths, six-elevenths tour-elevenths, and two-elevenths of the overall height apply 18c (2).
At approximately ten-elevenths, nine-elevenths, seven-elevenths, five-elevenths, three-elevenths, and one-eleventh of the overall height apply 18b (2).
() More than 1650 feet but not more 1800 feet:
FAt approximately five-sixths, two-thirds, one-half, At a near top level apply 18a(2). one-third, and one-sixth of the overall height apply 18c (2).
At approximately eleven-twelfths, three-fourths, seven-twelfths, five-twelfths, one-fourth and onetwelfth of the overall height apply 18b(2).
(m) More than 1800 feet but not more than 1950 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
2 At approximately ten-thirteenths, eight-thirteenths, șix-thirteenths, four-thirteenths, and two-thirteenths of the overall height apply 18c(2).
At approximately twelve-thirteenths, eleven-thirteenths, nine-thirteenths, seven-thirteenths, fivethirteenths, three-thirteenths, and one-thirteenth of the overall height apply 18b(2).
(п) More than 1950 feet but not more than 2100 feet:
1 At a near top level apply 18a(2).
2 At approximately six-sevenths, five-sevenths, foursevenths, three-sevenths, two-sevenths, and oneseventh of the overall height apply 18c(2).
3 At approximately thirteen-fourteenths, elevenfourteenths, three-fourteenths, and one-fourteenth of * the overall height apply 18b(2). rourteenths, nine-fourteenths, one-half, five- Chap. 6 Par. 19 Page 31
AC 70/7460-1B 1 Oct 72
c. Prominent Building and Similar Extensive Obstructions. Prominent buildings and similar extensive obstructions should be lighted in accordance with the following specifications. In the event the individual objects of a group of obstructions are approximately the be considered an extensive obstruction and so lighted. same overall height above ground, or water if so situated, and are located not more than 150 feet apart, the group of obstructions may
(1) When the particular obstruction is not more than 150 feet in overall height above ground, or water if so situated:
(a) If the obstruction is not more than 150 feet in either horizontal dimension, there should be installed at the major axis of the obstruction at least one light, approximately the highest point or edge at each end of consisting of a lamp of at least 100 watts, enclosed in an aviation red obstruction light globe. These lights should be positioned so as to insure unobstructed visibility of them from aircraft at any normal angle of approach, and to indicate the general extent of the as to make this manner of lighting impracticable, there obstruction; or, if the shape of the obstruction is such may be installed two such lights at the approximate center of the highest point or edge of the obstruction. Both lights should burn simultaneously and be so positioned as to insure unobstructed visibility of at least one of the lights from aircraft at any normal angle of approach.
(b) If the obstruction is more than 150 feet in one horizontal dimension, but not more than 150 feet in the other, there should be installed at least one light, consisting of a lamp of at least 100 watts enclosed in an aviation red obstruction light globe, for each 150 feet, or axis of the obstruction. fraction thereof, of the overall length of the major At least one of these top lights should be installed on the highest point or edge of each end of the obstruction, with the additional lights as required spaced at approximately equal intervals not exceeding 150 feet, on the highest points or edge between the end lights in a manner to indicate the extent of the obstruction and to insure unobstructed visibility of the lights from aircraft at any normal angle of approach. If there are two or more edges of the same height on such an obstruction located near a be lighted. landing area, the edge nearest the landing area should Page 32 Chap. 6 Par. 19
1 Oct 72 AC 70/7460-1B
(c) If the obstruction is more than 150 feet in both horizontal dimensions, there should be installed at least one light, consisting of a lamp of at least 100 watts enclosed in an aviation red obstruction light globe, on the highest point of each corner of the at least one similar light for each 150 feet, or fraction obstruction, In addition, there should be installed hereot, when the distance between the corner lights installed at approximately equal intervals, at the 150 feet. These additional lights should be highest points along the outer edges of the obstruction, between the corner lights in a manner to indicate the general extent and definition of the obstruction and to insure unobstructed visibility of the lights from aircraft at any normal angle of approach.
(d) In the event there are one or more points within the outer edges of the obstruction, the uppermost parts of which are higher than the highest level of the lights prescribed above, at least one similar light should be displayed from the top of each such point.
(2) When the particular obstruction is more than 150 feet in overall height above ground, or water if so situated:
(a) Top lights should be installed on the obstruction in the manner set forth in the applicable provisions of Section 19c(1) above,
(b) Intermediate lights, each consisting of a lamp of at least 100 watts enclosed in an aviation red obstruction light globe, should be provided for each 150 feet, or fraction thereof, the obstruction exceeds 150 feet in overall height above ground, or water if so situated, The position of these intermediate lights on the vertical plane should be as close to the equidistant levels between the top lights and the ground level as the particular shape and type of obstruction will permit.
One such light should be installed at each outside corner of the obstruction at each level and also one such light should be installed at equal intervals on the horizontal plane on each outer surface at each level between adjacent corner lights, for each 150 feet, or fraction thereof, when the overall horizontal distance between such adjacent corner lights exceeds 150 feet.
Chap. 6 10 D=0a 73