20251114018119A

On November 15, at approximately 16:15 CST, the pilot arrived at the aircraft and conducted a full preflight inspection of the Robinson R44 R1 in accordance with the manufacturer’s approved checklist. During the inspection, the pilot observed a new zero indication on the vertical speed indicator (VSI) of -100 fpm and noted the engine oil quantity was slightly below the minimum specified in the pilot’s operating handbook (POH). The engine oil was serviced to approximately 7.5 quarts. All fuel sumps were sampled and found free of water, sediment, and contamination. No other discrepancies were identified.

The pilot reviewed current weather information from ksrb, the aviation weather center (awc), and the national weather service (NWS), as well as NOTAMS for the nearest airport. No conditions were identified that would adversely affect the planned operation. The pilot completed the before-start checklist and a full engine run-up. All items were within normal limits, including magneto checks showing a 5% drop on the left and a 4% drop on the right. Additional systems checks were completed with no anomalies noted. The aircraft was warmed on the ground for approximately 15 minutes and then shut down without incident.

Approximately 30 minutes later, the pilot was instructed to conduct a noise lap to indicate aircraft availability. The aircraft was restarted and pre-takeoff checks were completed with normal results. The pilot conducted one takeoff and two traffic patterns around the fairgrounds to observe obstacles and hazards, then landed in the designated operating area. The aircraft remained running on the ground while awaiting passengers.

The pilot verified wind direction using AWOS. The ground crew conducted a safety briefing, completed weight and balance calculations, and confirmed the aircraft was within operational limits. Passengers were then secured in the aircraft. The pilot briefed the passengers on seat belt use, post-flight procedures, and instructed them not to move toward the rear of the aircraft.

After passenger loading, the pilot removed control frictions, brought engine and rotor RPM into the normal operating range, tested the low-rpm warning system, and completed the required waterfall checks. Indications were normal, with engine gauges in the green, no warning lights, proper tachometer operation, and normal electrical indications. The pilot lifted into a hover, executed a right pedal turn toward the takeoff area, climbed approximately 10 feet to clear a barrier, accelerated to approximately 45 knots, and initiated a climb to 1,000 feet AGL.

While on the downwind leg, rotor RPM was observed at approximately 102–103%, and a minor throttle adjustment was made to maintain RPM within normal limits. The pilot completed a landing waterfall check and established a normal approach into the wind, routing over parked vehicles to avoid power lines north of the landing site and nearby grandstands. Airspeed was reduced to approximately 24–30 knots while maintaining effective translational lift (etl). At approximately 50 feet AGL, the VSI indicated approximately -200 fpm. No abnormal vibrations or control feedback were noted, and the approach continued to approximately 15 feet AGL.

At that point, the pilot initiated actions to arrest the descent and prepare for a pedal turn. Without warning, the aircraft exhibited a perceived loss of performance, and the pilot stated he was unable to arrest the descent resulting in a hard landing.

Upon ground contact, the pilot immediately closed the mixture control, switched off all electrical systems, applied the rotor brake, and assessed passenger condition. After the rotors came to a complete stop, the pilot exited the aircraft. The passenger in the rear right seat reported back pain and was instructed to remain seated. Emergency medical services were requested.